North Atlantic 2000 Year Relative Sea Level Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: North Atlantic 2000 Year Relative Sea Level Data LAST UPDATE: 1/2012 (additional of age picks and GIA-corrected Sea Level. Original receipt by WDC Paleo 12/2011) CONTRIBUTORS: Kemp, A.C., B.P. Horton, J.P. Donnelly, M.E. Mann, M. Vermeer, and S. Rahmstorf IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-147 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Kemp, A.C., et al. 2011. North Atlantic 2000 Year Relative Sea Level Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-147. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Kemp, A.C., B.P. Horton, J.P. Donnelly, M.E. Mann, M. Vermeer, and S. Rahmstorf. 2011. Climate related sea-level variations over the past two millennia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108 (27), pp. 11017-11022, July 5, 2011. Published ahead of print June 20, 2011, doi:10.1073/pnas.1015619108 ABSTRACT: We present new sea-level reconstructions for the past 2100 y based on salt-marsh sedimentary sequences from the US Atlantic coast. The data from North Carolina reveal four phases of persistent sea-level change after correction for glacial isostatic adjustment. Sea level was stable from at least BC 100 until AD 950. Sea level then increased for 400 y at a rate of 0.6 mm/y, followed by a further period of stable, or slightly falling, sea level that persisted until the late 19th century. Since then, sea level has risen at an average rate of 2.1 mm/y, representing the steepest century-scale increase of the past two millennia. This rate was initiated between AD 1865 and 1892. Using an extended semiempirical modeling approach, we show that these sea-level changes are consistent with global temperature for at least the past millennium. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE: Engelhart, S.E., B.P. Horton, B.C. Douglas, W.R. Peltier, and T.E. Tornqvist. 2009. Spatial Variability of Late Holocene and 20th Century Sea Level Rise along the US Atlantic Coast. Geology, 37, 1115-1118. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: North Atlantic, US East Coast PERIOD OF RECORD: 2000 YrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: US National Science Foundation (NSF) grants (EAR-0951686, EAR-0717364, EAR0309129, ATM-0902133), US National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry internship, UPenn paleontology stipend, Geological Society of America, North American Micropaleontology Section, US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NA05NOS4781182), US Geological Survey (02ERAG0044), Academy of Finland Project 123113, and European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action ES0701. DESCRIPTION: North Atlantic relative sea level (RSL) and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) corrected sea level data points from the east coast of the United States, in North Carolina (Sand Point and Tump Point) and at Wood Island, Massachusetts. In North Carolina, a modern dataset of 193 surface samples collected from 10 salt marshes was used to develop transfer functions to quantify the relationship between foraminifera and elevation. We used these transfer functions to estimate paleomarsh elevation (PME) at Sand Point and Tump Point, North Carolina. PME is the elevation at which a sample formed with respect to its contemporary sea level. Foraminifera preserved in 1 cm thick samples from the Sand Point and Tump Point cores provided the basis for estimating PME. To reconstruct relative sea level (RSL), estimated PME was subtracted from the measured altitude of each sample. At Wood Island (Massachusetts), salt-marsh plants were used as sea-level indicators. The modern mean elevation of Juncus geradii (Jg), Spartina patens (Sp), and Distichlis spicata (Ds) was estimated by measuring stands at the Wood Island site. Multiple, stratigraphically ordered, samples were recovered along the boundary between a gently sloping granite erratic and overlying salt-marsh sediments. Identifiable remains of Jg, Sp, and Ds were used to provide an estimate of PME. Sand Point, North Carolina: 35°53'N, 75°41'W Tump Point, North Carolina: 34°58'N, 76°23'W Wood Island, Massachusetts: 42°14.280'N, 70°46.648'W DATA: 1. Tump Point age picks Depth (cm) Age Age Error Type Note 66 385 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 77 350 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 149 1650 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 83 535 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 58 185 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 107 860 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 118 960 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 32 93 11 HP 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years, not reported to normal rounding conventions 35 30 16 HP 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years, not reported to normal rounding conventions 47 111 16 HP 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years, not reported to normal rounding conventions 49 206 19 HP 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years, not reported to normal rounding conventions Depth (cmYear (AD)Age Error Type 5 2000 1 210Pb 7 1993 1 210Pb 9 1985 2 210Pb 11 1977 2 210Pb 13 1970 3 210Pb 15 1962 4 210Pb 17 1954 4 210Pb 19 1946 5 210Pb 21 1939 5 210Pb 23 1931 6 210Pb 25 1923 6 210Pb 27 1916 7 210Pb 29 1908 8 210Pb 15 1963 1 137Cs 6 1991.66 1.74 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 7 1995.685 1.815 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 8 1995.045 1.855 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 14 1960.065 1.465 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 15 1957.875 0.185 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 2. Sand Point age picks Depth (cm) Age Age Error Type Note 87 315 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 99 535 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 114 725 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 120 755 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 135 900 50 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 144 910 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 158 1000 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 168 1080 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 189 1190 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 204 1520 40 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 217 1600 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 228 1730 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 248 1920 45 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 268 2120 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 299 2420 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 330 2550 70 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 60 202.5 11 HP 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years, not reported to normal rounding conventions 80 338 9.2 HP 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years, not reported to normal rounding conventions Depth(cm) Year(AD) AgeError Type 17 1975 3 210Pb 19 1971 4 210Pb 21 1968 4 210Pb 23 1964 4 210Pb 25 1960 5 210Pb 27 1956 5 210Pb 29 1953 5 210Pb 31 1949 6 210Pb 33 1945 6 210Pb 35 1942 7 210Pb 39 1934 7 210Pb 41 1931 8 210Pb 43 1927 8 210Pb 45 1923 9 210Pb 47 1919 9 210Pb 49 1916 9 210Pb 51 1906 10 210Pb 23 1963 1 137Cs 70 1720 20 Pollen 28 1956.935 0.685 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 29 1957.535 0.365 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 30 1945.185 5.585 Bomb 14C Calibrated calibomb 60 1747.5 11 Precision1 80 1612 9.2 Precision2 3. Wood Island age picks Depth(cm) Age AgeError Type Note 57 200 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 60 355 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 67 370 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 67 370 40 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 70 530 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 76.5 1050 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 81 1120 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 82 1120 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 91.5 1270 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 102 1260 40 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 111 1330 30 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 116 1450 25 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 119.5 1580 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years 130 1560 35 14C These are uncalibrated 14C years Depth(cm) Year(AD) AgeError Type 10 1963 1 137Cs 13 1930 10 Pollen 26.6 1875 25 Pb and Cu pollution 43 1700 50 Pollen 4. North Carolina GIA corrected sea level A constant rate of subsidence (with no error) was subtracted from the Sand Point (1.0 mm/y) and Tump Point (0.9 mm/y) records. These rates were estimated from a US Atlantic coast database of late Holocene (last 2000 y) sea-level index points (Engelhart et al., 2009) Engelhart, S.E., Horton, B.P., Douglas, B.C., Peltier, W.R., and Tornqvist, T.E., 2009. Spatial Variability of Late Holocene and 20th Century Sea Level Rise along the US Atlantic Coast. Geology, 37, 1115-1118. GIA corrected YearAD SeaLevel(m) 2sigma- 1sigma- 1sigma+ 2sigma+ -119.6 -0.186686 -0.3126 -0.2509 -0.1224 -0.0607 -84 -0.182959 -0.2899 -0.2375 -0.1284 -0.0760 -33.5 -0.189768 -0.2945 -0.2432 -0.1364 -0.0851 -3.1 -0.19667 -0.2997 -0.2492 -0.1441 -0.0936 17.1 -0.201474 -0.3033 -0.2534 -0.1495 -0.0996 37.1 -0.206014 -0.3069 -0.2575 -0.1545 -0.1051 57.4 -0.210231 -0.3107 -0.2615 -0.1590 -0.1098 94 -0.216337 -0.3170 -0.2677 -0.1650 -0.1156 131.5 -0.220318 -0.3219 -0.2722 -0.1685 -0.1187 163.8 -0.221926 -0.3241 -0.2741 -0.1698 -0.1197 236.9 -0.220578 -0.3222 -0.2724 -0.1687 -0.1190 290.5 -0.216933 -0.3171 -0.2681 -0.1658 -0.1167 318.4 -0.214724 -0.3143 -0.2655 -0.1639 -0.1152 354.3 -0.211966 -0.3109 -0.2625 -0.1615 -0.1130 374.8 -0.210537 -0.3093 -0.2609 -0.1602 -0.1118 407.4 -0.20862 -0.3071 -0.2589 -0.1584 -0.1101 449.6 -0.20693 -0.3053 -0.2571 -0.1568 -0.1086 471 -0.206444 -0.3047 -0.2566 -0.1563 -0.1082 495.3 -0.20619 -0.3043 -0.2562 -0.1561 -0.1081 512.1 -0.206186 -0.3042 -0.2562 -0.1562 -0.1082 538.3 -0.206423 -0.3042 -0.2563 -0.1565 -0.1086 572.4 -0.207075 -0.3046 -0.2568 -0.1573 -0.1096 610.6 -0.208053 -0.3053 -0.2577 -0.1584 -0.1108 620.4 -0.208312 -0.3055 -0.2579 -0.1587 -0.1111 652.8 -0.209079 -0.3062 -0.2586 -0.1595 -0.1120 674.4 -0.209439 -0.3065 -0.2590 -0.1599 -0.1124 695.6 -0.209608 -0.3067 -0.2591 -0.1601 -0.1126 706.8 -0.209602 -0.3067 -0.2591 -0.1601 -0.1125 717.5 -0.209525 -0.3066 -0.2591 -0.1600 -0.1125 728.8 -0.20936 -0.3064 -0.2589 -0.1598 -0.1123 780 -0.207321 -0.3045 -0.2569 -0.1578 -0.1102 804.2 -0.205494 -0.3026 -0.2550 -0.1559 -0.1084 820.5 -0.203902 -0.3010 -0.2534 -0.1544 -0.1068 844.9 -0.200945 -0.2979 -0.2504 -0.1515 -0.1040 862 -0.198433 -0.2953 -0.2479 -0.1490 -0.1015 888.5 -0.193818 -0.2905 -0.2432 -0.1445 -0.0971 931.8 -0.184297 -0.2807 -0.2335 -0.1351 -0.0879 966.2 -0.174976 -0.2711 -0.2240 -0.1259 -0.0789 979.1 -0.1711 -0.2671 -0.2201 -0.1221 -0.0751 991.8 -0.167082 -0.2630 -0.2160 -0.1181 -0.0712 1006.5 -0.162178 -0.2580 -0.2111 -0.1133 -0.0663 1011.8 -0.160339 -0.2561 -0.2092 -0.1115 -0.0645 1024.9 -0.155676 -0.2514 -0.2045 -0.1068 -0.0599 1028.5 -0.154336 -0.2501 -0.2032 -0.1055 -0.0586 1040.2 -0.14997 -0.2456 -0.1988 -0.1012 -0.0543 1044.2 -0.148465 -0.2441 -0.1973 -0.0997 -0.0528 1058 -0.143052 -0.2387 -0.1918 -0.0943 -0.0474 1075 -0.136157 -0.2317 -0.1849 -0.0874 -0.0406 1076.8 -0.135446 -0.2310 -0.1842 -0.0867 -0.0399 1093.9 -0.128217 -0.2237 -0.1770 -0.0795 -0.0327 1096.8 -0.126961 -0.2225 -0.1757 -0.0782 -0.0314 1110.2 -0.121168 -0.2167 -0.1699 -0.0724 -0.0257 1119.2 -0.117188 -0.2127 -0.1659 -0.0685 -0.0217 1130.7 -0.11201 -0.2075 -0.1607 -0.0633 -0.0165 1131 -0.111895 -0.2074 -0.1606 -0.0632 -0.0164 1148.1 -0.104119 -0.1996 -0.1528 -0.0554 -0.0086 1151.7 -0.102451 -0.1979 -0.1512 -0.0537 -0.0070 1166.6 -0.0956 -0.1911 -0.1443 -0.0469 -0.0001 1167.1 -0.09536 -0.1908 -0.1441 -0.0466 0.0001 1180.3 -0.089207 -0.1847 -0.1379 -0.0405 0.0063 1184 -0.087462 -0.1829 -0.1362 -0.0387 0.0080 1195.6 -0.082069 -0.1776 -0.1308 -0.0334 0.0134 1199.8 -0.08009 -0.1756 -0.1288 -0.0314 0.0154 1212.9 -0.07402 -0.1695 -0.1227 -0.0253 0.0215 1215.1 -0.072983 -0.1685 -0.1217 -0.0243 0.0225 1231.1 -0.065571 -0.1611 -0.1143 -0.0168 0.0299 1243.5 -0.059911 -0.1554 -0.1086 -0.0112 0.0356 1246.3 -0.058621 -0.1541 -0.1073 -0.0099 0.0369 1260.9 -0.052083 -0.1476 -0.1008 -0.0033 0.0434 1262.3 -0.051422 -0.1469 -0.1002 -0.0027 0.0441 1284.2 -0.041872 -0.1374 -0.0906 0.0069 0.0537 1286.1 -0.041031 -0.1366 -0.0898 0.0077 0.0545 1306.8 -0.032403 -0.1280 -0.0812 0.0164 0.0632 1330.7 -0.022958 -0.1186 -0.0718 0.0259 0.0727 1345.4 -0.017525 -0.1132 -0.0664 0.0313 0.0782 1360 -0.01243 -0.1082 -0.0613 0.0364 0.0833 1362.5 -0.011592 -0.1074 -0.0605 0.0373 0.0842 1387.8 -0.003638 -0.0995 -0.0525 0.0453 0.0922 1392.3 -0.002319 -0.0982 -0.0512 0.0466 0.0935 1413 0.003171 -0.0927 -0.0458 0.0521 0.0991 1416.2 0.003943 -0.0920 -0.0450 0.0529 0.0999 1442.6 0.009546 -0.0864 -0.0394 0.0585 0.1055 1446.6 0.010261 -0.0857 -0.0387 0.0592 0.1062 1461.3 0.012611 -0.0833 -0.0363 0.0616 0.1086 1466.9 0.013386 -0.0826 -0.0356 0.0623 0.1093 1478.6 0.014749 -0.0812 -0.0342 0.0637 0.1107 1487.6 0.015597 -0.0803 -0.0333 0.0645 0.1115 1490 0.015786 -0.0801 -0.0332 0.0647 0.1117 1514.8 0.016973 -0.0789 -0.0319 0.0659 0.1128 1522.2 0.017042 -0.0788 -0.0319 0.0659 0.1129 1541.9 0.016596 -0.0792 -0.0323 0.0655 0.1124 1559.2 0.015456 -0.0802 -0.0334 0.0643 0.1112 1571.1 0.014271 -0.0814 -0.0345 0.0631 0.1099 1575 0.013819 -0.0818 -0.0350 0.0626 0.1095 1590 0.011772 -0.0839 -0.0370 0.0606 0.1074 1591.5 0.011542 -0.0841 -0.0372 0.0603 0.1072 1603.6 0.00951 -0.0861 -0.0393 0.0583 0.1051 1623.1 0.005695 -0.0899 -0.0431 0.0545 0.1013 1628.6 0.004493 -0.0911 -0.0443 0.0533 0.1001 1638.6 0.002216 -0.0934 -0.0466 0.0510 0.0979 1641 0.001649 -0.0940 -0.0472 0.0505 0.0973 1648.2 -9.7E-05 -0.0958 -0.0489 0.0487 0.0956 1649.8 -0.000501 -0.0962 -0.0493 0.0483 0.0952 1657.1 -0.002332 -0.0980 -0.0512 0.0465 0.0934 1667.5 -0.005007 -0.1008 -0.0539 0.0438 0.0907 1676 -0.007248 -0.1030 -0.0561 0.0416 0.0885 1692.3 -0.011605 -0.1075 -0.0605 0.0373 0.0842 1696.6 -0.012747 -0.1086 -0.0617 0.0362 0.0831 1715.3 -0.017576 -0.1135 -0.0665 0.0314 0.0783 1726.3 -0.020246 -0.1162 -0.0692 0.0287 0.0757 1726.7 -0.020339 -0.1163 -0.0693 0.0286 0.0756 1739.2 -0.023084 -0.1190 -0.0720 0.0259 0.0729 1751.5 -0.025422 -0.1214 -0.0744 0.0235 0.0705 1760.1 -0.026782 -0.1227 -0.0757 0.0222 0.0692 1764.2 -0.027341 -0.1233 -0.0763 0.0216 0.0686 1777.1 -0.028627 -0.1245 -0.0775 0.0203 0.0673 1785.2 -0.029025 -0.1249 -0.0779 0.0199 0.0668 1792.9 -0.029067 -0.1249 -0.0780 0.0198 0.0667 1811.2 -0.027619 -0.1233 -0.0765 0.0212 0.0681 1821.8 -0.025602 -0.1213 -0.0744 0.0232 0.0701 1826.3 -0.024449 -0.1201 -0.0733 0.0244 0.0712 1831.4 -0.022903 -0.1185 -0.0717 0.0259 0.0727 1832.8 -0.022455 -0.1181 -0.0713 0.0263 0.0732 1840.3 -0.019611 -0.1152 -0.0684 0.0292 0.0760 1849.2 -0.015395 -0.1110 -0.0642 0.0334 0.0802 1851.8 -0.013979 -0.1096 -0.0628 0.0348 0.0816 1864.5 -0.005855 -0.1014 -0.0546 0.0429 0.0897 1877.2 0.0045 -0.0911 -0.0443 0.0533 0.1001 1877.3 0.004649 -0.0909 -0.0441 0.0534 0.1002 1890 0.017598 -0.0780 -0.0312 0.0663 0.1131 1899.8 0.029644 -0.0659 -0.0191 0.0784 0.1252 1903.2 0.034294 -0.0612 -0.0144 0.0830 0.1298 1904.4 0.03596 -0.0595 -0.0128 0.0847 0.1314 1908.9 0.042513 -0.0529 -0.0062 0.0912 0.1380 1909.3 0.043215 -0.0522 -0.0055 0.0919 0.1387 1915.1 0.052332 -0.0431 0.0037 0.1010 0.1477 1916.4 0.054496 -0.0409 0.0058 0.1032 0.1499 1922 0.06428 -0.0311 0.0156 0.1129 0.1596 1923.7 0.067328 -0.0280 0.0187 0.1160 0.1627 1926.4 0.072563 -0.0227 0.0239 0.1212 0.1679 1927.5 0.07454 -0.0207 0.0259 0.1232 0.1698 1930.7 0.081012 -0.0142 0.0324 0.1296 0.1763 1932.8 0.085251 -0.0100 0.0367 0.1338 0.1805 1934.3 0.088542 -0.0067 0.0400 0.1371 0.1838 1935 0.09001 -0.0052 0.0414 0.1386 0.1852 1935.4 0.09071 -0.0045 0.0421 0.1393 0.1859 1936.5 0.093217 -0.0020 0.0446 0.1418 0.1884 1938.2 0.096988 0.0018 0.0484 0.1456 0.1922 1938.8 0.098285 0.0031 0.0497 0.1469 0.1935 1940 0.101067 0.0059 0.0525 0.1496 0.1963 1942 0.105553 0.0104 0.0570 0.1541 0.2007 1943.7 0.109568 0.0144 0.0610 0.1581 0.2047 1946 0.115284 0.0201 0.0667 0.1638 0.2105 1948 0.120165 0.0250 0.0716 0.1687 0.2154 1956 0.141101 0.0458 0.0925 0.1897 0.2364 1956.6 0.142847 0.0475 0.0942 0.1915 0.2382 1958.9 0.149283 0.0539 0.1006 0.1980 0.2447 1959.2 0.150093 0.0547 0.1014 0.1988 0.2455 1961.3 0.156436 0.0609 0.1077 0.2052 0.2519 1961.4 0.156542 0.0611 0.1078 0.2053 0.2520 1965.5 0.168855 0.0731 0.1200 0.2177 0.2646 1969.4 0.181052 0.0850 0.1321 0.2300 0.2771 1972.6 0.191629 0.0953 0.1425 0.2408 0.2880 1973.3 0.193894 0.0974 0.1447 0.2431 0.2903 1976.8 0.205712 0.1088 0.1563 0.2552 0.3026 1977.1 0.206832 0.1099 0.1574 0.2563 0.3038 1985.6 0.237943 0.1392 0.1876 0.2883 0.3367 1994.7 0.274252 0.1725 0.2223 0.3262 0.3760 1999.7 0.296106 0.1919 0.2430 0.3493 0.4003 5. Table S1 Sea-level data points from North Carolina (Sand Point = SP and Tump Point = TP) and Wood Island, Massachusetts. RSL = relative sea level. Tump Point = TP North Carolina Sand Point = SP Year (AD/BC) RSL AgeError RSLError Site (m) (yrs) (m) 2000 0.02 2 0.03 TP 1995 0.02 1 0.04 TP 1986 0 5 0.03 TP 1977 -0.01 4 0.03 TP 1977 -0.07 3 0.05 SP 1973 0 4 0.03 TP 1973 -0.11 3 0.05 SP 1969 -0.1 2 0.05 SP 1965 -0.16 2 0.05 SP 1961 -0.07 3 0.03 TP 1961 -0.18 2 0.05 SP 1959 -0.17 2 0.05 SP 1959 -0.07 2 0.03 TP 1957 -0.17 2 0.05 SP 1956 -0.08 2 0.03 TP 1948 -0.19 3 0.05 SP 1946 -0.16 5 0.03 TP 1944 -0.25 3 0.05 SP 1942 -0.17 3 0.09 SP 1940 -0.17 3 0.08 SP 1939 -0.18 5 0.03 TP 1938 -0.21 4 0.06 SP 1937 -0.22 4 0.07 SP 1935 -0.19 4 0.04 SP 1935 -0.15 5 0.03 TP 1934 -0.27 4 0.06 SP 1933 -0.23 5 0.05 SP 1931 -0.25 5 0.05 SP 1927 -0.21 6 0.03 TP 1926 -0.31 5 0.05 SP 1924 -0.24 6 0.03 TP 1922 -0.32 5 0.05 SP 1916 -0.26 6 0.03 TP 1915 -0.3 5 0.06 SP 1909 -0.31 7 0.04 TP 1909 -0.28 5 0.07 SP 1904 -0.32 6 0.06 SP 1903 -0.32 7 0.04 TP 1900 -0.34 8 0.04 TP 1890 -0.38 8 0.04 TP 1877 -0.35 22 0.05 SP 1877 -0.39 14 0.04 TP 1865 -0.4 18 0.03 TP 1852 -0.4 19 0.03 TP 1849 -0.39 35 0.06 SP 1840 -0.39 35 0.06 SP 1833 -0.46 18 0.04 TP 1831 -0.41 33 0.05 SP 1826 -0.46 16 0.03 TP 1822 -0.41 30 0.07 SP 1811 -0.42 25 0.06 SP 1793 -0.45 20 0.06 SP 1785 -0.43 21 0.03 TP 1777 -0.44 18 0.06 SP 1764 -0.47 24 0.06 SP 1760 -0.48 29 0.03 TP 1751 -0.5 27 0.05 SP 1739 -0.47 26 0.07 SP 1727 -0.54 33 0.03 TP 1726 -0.52 21 0.05 SP 1715 -0.53 33 0.03 TP 1697 -0.56 29 0.06 SP 1692 -0.56 29 0.03 TP 1676 -0.57 36 0.04 SP 1667 -0.57 26 0.03 TP 1657 -0.58 40 0.04 SP 1650 -0.62 28 0.03 TP 1648 -0.59 40 0.04 SP 1641 -0.63 29 0.03 TP 1639 -0.59 40 0.05 SP 1629 -0.63 38 0.06 SP 1623 -0.64 28 0.03 TP 1604 -0.56 27 0.03 TP 1591 -0.59 27 0.03 TP 1590 -0.66 34 0.06 SP 1575 -0.65 37 0.05 SP 1571 -0.63 32 0.03 TP 1559 -0.72 38 0.05 SP 1542 -0.66 35 0.03 TP 1522 -0.65 34 0.03 TP 1515 -0.72 41 0.05 SP 1490 -0.67 30 0.03 TP 1488 -0.73 43 0.07 SP 1479 -0.74 42 0.05 SP 1467 -0.71 30 0.03 TP 1461 -0.76 39 0.06 SP 1447 -0.73 28 0.03 TP 1443 -0.78 32 0.06 SP 1416 -0.81 24 0.05 SP 1413 -0.82 25 0.03 TP 1392 -0.82 30 0.05 SP 1388 -0.84 34 0.03 TP 1362 -0.84 40 0.03 TP 1360 -0.87 38 0.06 SP 1345 -0.88 42 0.03 TP 1331 -0.93 37 0.05 SP 1307 -0.93 28 0.06 SP 1286 -0.97 46 0.03 TP 1284 -1.01 19 0.06 SP 1262 -0.99 22 0.05 SP 1261 -0.96 46 0.03 TP 1246 -1.03 26 0.06 SP 1243 -0.97 46 0.03 TP 1231 -1.04 30 0.05 SP 1215 -1 46 0.03 TP 1213 -1.11 35 0.06 SP 1200 -1.01 52 0.03 TP 1196 -1.14 38 0.05 SP 1184 -1.15 39 0.05 SP 1180 -1.05 59 0.03 TP 1167 -1.08 63 0.03 TP 1167 -1.15 39 0.06 SP 1152 -1.2 40 0.05 SP 1148 -1.08 68 0.03 TP 1131 -1.21 76 0.04 TP 1131 -1.23 40 0.06 SP 1119 -1.26 41 0.06 SP 1110 -1.23 96 0.03 TP 1097 -1.22 107 0.03 TP 1094 -1.29 40 0.05 SP 1077 -1.26 125 0.03 TP 1075 -1.32 40 0.06 SP 1058 -1.34 38 0.05 SP 1044 -1.23 153 0.03 TP 1040 -1.36 35 0.05 SP 1029 -1.39 32 0.05 SP 1025 -1.3 168 0.03 TP 1012 -1.3 179 0.03 TP 1006 -1.4 27 0.05 SP 992 -1.33 193 0.03 TP 979 -1.44 36 0.06 SP 966 -1.46 39 0.05 SP 932 -1.52 41 0.05 SP 889 -1.54 52 0.05 SP 862 -1.58 57 0.06 SP 845 -1.58 59 0.06 SP 821 -1.62 59 0.06 SP 804 -1.62 60 0.05 SP 780 -1.66 58 0.05 SP 729 -1.72 56 0.06 SP 717 -1.73 58 0.06 SP 707 -1.7 60 0.04 SP 696 -1.71 61 0.04 SP 674 -1.76 62 0.04 SP 653 -1.85 61 0.04 SP 620 -1.89 56 0.05 SP 611 -1.87 54 0.05 SP 572 -1.91 46 0.06 SP 538 -1.86 50 0.06 SP 512 -1.96 52 0.04 SP 495 -1.94 52 0.05 SP 471 -1.98 48 0.06 SP 450 -2.05 48 0.07 SP 407 -2.02 56 0.05 SP 375 -2.14 59 0.05 SP 354 -2.06 59 0.05 SP 318 -2.16 58 0.05 SP 290 -2.19 62 0.05 SP 237 -2.22 68 0.06 SP 164 -2.28 69 0.05 SP 132 -2.28 65 0.06 SP 94 -2.41 60 0.06 SP 57 -2.42 63 0.06 SP 37 -2.42 65 0.09 SP 17 -2.42 67 0.07 SP -3 -2.42 69 0.05 SP -33 -2.5 68 0.06 SP -84 -2.51 63 0.08 SP -120 -2.55 59 0.08 SP Wood Island, Massachusetts Year RSL Age Error RSL Error (AD) (m) (yrs) (m) 1963 -0.02 0 0.11 1930 -0.05 10 0.11 1875 -0.19 25 0.11 1700 -0.35 50 0.11 1669 -0.39 25 0.11 1600 -0.42 90 0.11 1487 -0.49 95 0.11 1486 -0.49 91 0.11 1415 -0.52 60 0.11 997 -0.59 68 0.11 941 -0.63 54 0.11 932 -0.64 100 0.11 728 -0.74 101 0.11 707 -0.84 96 0.11 671 -0.93 61 0.11 619 -0.98 40 0.11 507 -1.02 74 0.11 463 -1.12 78 0.11