# europe_swit174w - Grindelwald Nord (N3) - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
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# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/4429
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
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# Title
#	Study_Name: europe_swit174w - Grindelwald Nord (N3) - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
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# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
#--------------------
# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
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#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
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# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Grindelwald Nord (N3)
#	Location:
#	Country: Switzerland
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 46.6
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 46.6
#	Easternmost_Longitude: 8.03
#	Westernmost_Longitude: 8.03
#	Elevation: 1700 m
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# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: europe_swit174wB
#	Earliest_Year: 1806
#	Most_Recent_Year: 1995
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"T", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"5.71025814856","T2":"17.4395861625","M1":"0.022527907425","M2":"0.391997966983"}}
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# Species
#	Species_Name: Norway spruce
#	Species_Code: PCAB
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# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
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##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
#
age	trsgi
1806	1.2
1807	1.18
1808	0.969
1809	1.002
1810	0.999
1811	0.976
1812	0.942
1813	0.809
1814	0.665
1815	0.613
1816	0.471
1817	0.479
1818	0.604
1819	0.779
1820	0.768
1821	0.592
1822	0.766
1823	0.823
1824	1.082
1825	1.121
1826	0.986
1827	1.051
1828	1.193
1829	1.118
1830	1.047
1831	1.244
1832	0.873
1833	0.895
1834	1.02
1835	1.245
1836	1.005
1837	0.971
1838	0.985
1839	1.051
1840	0.951
1841	1.133
1842	1.243
1843	0.879
1844	0.835
1845	0.762
1846	1.095
1847	1.121
1848	1.029
1849	0.8
1850	0.813
1851	0.866
1852	0.935
1853	0.976
1854	0.835
1855	0.814
1856	0.936
1857	1.01
1858	0.853
1859	0.888
1860	0.879
1861	1.045
1862	0.804
1863	1.044
1864	1.147
1865	1.0
1866	0.909
1867	1.15
1868	1.126
1869	0.94
1870	1.02
1871	1.013
1872	1.054
1873	1.15
1874	1.047
1875	0.951
1876	0.87
1877	0.862
1878	0.843
1879	0.725
1880	1.024
1881	1.603
1882	1.503
1883	1.197
1884	1.026
1885	1.2
1886	0.954
1887	1.199
1888	1.003
1889	1.09
1890	0.824
1891	0.754
1892	0.85
1893	0.926
1894	1.122
1895	1.074
1896	0.867
1897	0.867
1898	0.815
1899	1.046
1900	0.985
1901	1.107
1902	0.95
1903	0.964
1904	1.157
1905	0.997
1906	0.984
1907	0.927
1908	1.3
1909	0.735
1910	0.948
1911	1.083
1912	0.855
1913	0.873
1914	0.991
1915	0.931
1916	0.893
1917	1.031
1918	0.828
1919	0.857
1920	0.822
1921	1.066
1922	0.978
1923	1.251
1924	1.368
1925	1.328
1926	1.136
1927	1.265
1928	1.326
1929	1.188
1930	1.155
1931	1.272
1932	1.076
1933	0.794
1934	0.911
1935	0.992
1936	0.87
1937	0.895
1938	0.751
1939	0.827
1940	0.89
1941	1.01
1942	1.25
1943	1.217
1944	1.151
1945	1.259
1946	0.976
1947	1.202
1948	0.542
1949	0.956
1950	0.906
1951	1.022
1952	1.006
1953	0.941
1954	0.756
1955	1.063
1956	0.778
1957	0.768
1958	0.79
1959	0.826
1960	0.887
1961	1.016
1962	0.814
1963	0.922
1964	1.079
1965	0.883
1966	1.049
1967	1.12
1968	0.963
1969	1.169
1970	0.984
1971	1.06
1972	1.122
1973	1.219
1974	0.772
1975	0.936
1976	0.958
1977	1.093
1978	0.888
1979	1.046
1980	0.802
1981	0.934
1982	1.187
1983	1.232
1984	0.918
1985	1.128
1986	0.884
1987	0.682
1988	0.829
1989	0.991
1990	0.744
1991	0.701
1992	0.608
1993	0.864
1994	0.943
1995	0.677