# northamerica_usa_ar073 - Pencil Bluff - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
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# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/3584
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
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# Title
#	Study_Name: northamerica_usa_ar073 - Pencil Bluff - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
#--------------------
# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
#--------------------
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
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# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Pencil Bluff
#	Location:
#	Country: United States
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 34.62
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 34.62
#	Easternmost_Longitude: -93.72
#	Westernmost_Longitude: -93.72
#	Elevation: 223 m
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# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: northamerica_usa_ar073B
#	Earliest_Year: 1794
#	Most_Recent_Year: 1991
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"M", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"5.15873280142","T2":"17.1438182959","M1":"0.022609434462","M2":"0.599287520482"}}
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# Species
#	Species_Name: eastern red cedar
#	Species_Code: JUVI
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# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
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##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
#
age	trsgi
1794	1.013
1795	0.847
1796	0.854
1797	0.834
1798	0.814
1799	0.857
1800	0.723
1801	0.762
1802	0.689
1803	0.867
1804	1.205
1805	1.181
1806	0.968
1807	0.823
1808	1.078
1809	0.745
1810	0.901
1811	0.943
1812	1.011
1813	0.838
1814	1.022
1815	0.988
1816	1.193
1817	1.382
1818	0.84
1819	0.7
1820	0.649
1821	0.847
1822	0.917
1823	1.108
1824	0.953
1825	1.202
1826	0.819
1827	1.01
1828	0.842
1829	0.985
1830	1.113
1831	0.736
1832	0.656
1833	0.805
1834	0.684
1835	0.873
1836	0.638
1837	0.879
1838	0.601
1839	0.634
1840	0.894
1841	0.678
1842	0.973
1843	0.767
1844	0.956
1845	0.968
1846	1.105
1847	1.008
1848	0.843
1849	0.987
1850	1.038
1851	1.0
1852	0.815
1853	1.01
1854	1.17
1855	0.655
1856	0.768
1857	1.374
1858	1.404
1859	1.347
1860	0.856
1861	0.891
1862	0.698
1863	1.072
1864	1.131
1865	0.931
1866	1.121
1867	1.18
1868	0.952
1869	1.351
1870	1.203
1871	0.929
1872	0.487
1873	0.95
1874	0.756
1875	1.124
1876	1.288
1877	1.245
1878	1.497
1879	0.825
1880	0.899
1881	0.656
1882	1.456
1883	1.086
1884	0.901
1885	1.044
1886	0.458
1887	1.018
1888	1.112
1889	1.438
1890	1.044
1891	1.181
1892	0.97
1893	1.187
1894	0.556
1895	0.9
1896	0.324
1897	0.836
1898	1.098
1899	1.034
1900	1.569
1901	1.083
1902	0.893
1903	1.522
1904	1.288
1905	0.827
1906	1.299
1907	1.31
1908	1.016
1909	1.287
1910	1.048
1911	0.931
1912	0.912
1913	0.988
1914	0.862
1915	1.306
1916	0.93
1917	1.076
1918	0.555
1919	0.757
1920	0.927
1921	0.931
1922	0.954
1923	0.814
1924	0.976
1925	0.534
1926	0.728
1927	0.929
1928	0.727
1929	0.854
1930	0.678
1931	0.925
1932	0.398
1933	0.846
1934	0.888
1935	1.189
1936	0.515
1937	1.179
1938	1.352
1939	1.07
1940	1.238
1941	0.844
1942	1.052
1943	0.924
1944	1.134
1945	1.437
1946	1.272
1947	1.021
1948	1.079
1949	1.29
1950	1.434
1951	0.897
1952	1.081
1953	0.988
1954	1.124
1955	1.021
1956	1.029
1957	1.271
1958	1.075
1959	1.211
1960	1.04
1961	1.18
1962	0.731
1963	0.923
1964	0.49
1965	0.971
1966	0.97
1967	1.165
1968	0.889
1969	0.967
1970	0.629
1971	0.971
1972	0.637
1973	0.723
1974	1.261
1975	1.095
1976	1.472
1977	0.587
1978	0.746
1979	0.653
1980	1.041
1981	1.32
1982	1.534
1983	1.245
1984	0.745
1985	1.009
1986	1.265
1987	0.669
1988	0.618
1989	0.997
1990	0.875
1991	0.991