# europe_swit175w - Grindelwald SÃÂ¼d (S3) - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
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# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/4430
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
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# Title
#	Study_Name: europe_swit175w - Grindelwald SÃÂ¼d (S3) - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
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# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
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# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
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#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
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# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Grindelwald SÃÂ¼d (S3)
#	Location:
#	Country: Switzerland
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 46.65
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 46.65
#	Easternmost_Longitude: 8.02
#	Westernmost_Longitude: 8.02
#	Elevation: 1960 m
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# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: europe_swit175wB
#	Earliest_Year: 1786
#	Most_Recent_Year: 1995
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"T", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"5.61303351807","T2":"17.1818317652","M1":"0.0229374849436","M2":"0.392390798191"}}
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# Species
#	Species_Name: Norway spruce
#	Species_Code: PCAB
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# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
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##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
#
age	trsgi
1786	1.05
1787	1.009
1788	1.058
1789	1.023
1790	0.827
1791	0.801
1792	1.014
1793	0.848
1794	0.978
1795	0.8
1796	1.039
1797	0.999
1798	1.093
1799	1.132
1800	1.019
1801	1.004
1802	1.01
1803	1.024
1804	0.819
1805	0.887
1806	0.988
1807	1.412
1808	1.343
1809	1.206
1810	0.767
1811	0.84
1812	0.803
1813	0.639
1814	0.727
1815	0.605
1816	0.447
1817	0.484
1818	0.386
1819	0.54
1820	0.667
1821	0.557
1822	0.768
1823	0.727
1824	1.034
1825	0.836
1826	1.002
1827	1.085
1828	1.056
1829	1.086
1830	1.022
1831	1.107
1832	0.969
1833	0.952
1834	0.988
1835	0.927
1836	0.936
1837	0.956
1838	0.835
1839	0.939
1840	0.76
1841	0.922
1842	1.202
1843	1.019
1844	1.114
1845	0.974
1846	1.189
1847	0.846
1848	1.083
1849	1.07
1850	1.094
1851	0.871
1852	0.811
1853	0.973
1854	0.679
1855	0.895
1856	0.835
1857	0.915
1858	0.786
1859	1.067
1860	0.758
1861	0.86
1862	0.717
1863	0.913
1864	0.865
1865	0.781
1866	0.769
1867	1.004
1868	0.861
1869	0.884
1870	1.004
1871	0.951
1872	0.952
1873	1.07
1874	1.015
1875	0.829
1876	1.003
1877	1.037
1878	0.976
1879	1.007
1880	0.829
1881	1.205
1882	0.939
1883	0.852
1884	0.801
1885	0.962
1886	0.707
1887	0.966
1888	0.677
1889	0.861
1890	0.681
1891	0.769
1892	0.919
1893	0.823
1894	0.985
1895	1.153
1896	1.303
1897	1.214
1898	1.22
1899	1.481
1900	1.667
1901	1.815
1902	1.536
1903	1.602
1904	1.659
1905	1.529
1906	1.145
1907	1.378
1908	1.626
1909	1.024
1910	1.234
1911	1.191
1912	1.071
1913	0.987
1914	1.181
1915	1.024
1916	1.01
1917	1.144
1918	0.951
1919	1.091
1920	0.895
1921	1.298
1922	0.995
1923	1.105
1924	1.023
1925	1.024
1926	0.855
1927	1.095
1928	1.144
1929	0.943
1930	0.952
1931	1.133
1932	0.923
1933	0.797
1934	0.788
1935	1.005
1936	0.764
1937	0.929
1938	0.891
1939	0.941
1940	0.801
1941	1.108
1942	1.228
1943	1.16
1944	1.04
1945	1.139
1946	0.946
1947	1.159
1948	0.538
1949	0.97
1950	0.905
1951	0.922
1952	0.952
1953	0.808
1954	0.871
1955	1.036
1956	0.987
1957	0.968
1958	1.037
1959	1.143
1960	0.994
1961	1.118
1962	1.077
1963	1.049
1964	1.066
1965	0.845
1966	0.847
1967	0.888
1968	0.791
1969	0.883
1970	0.96
1971	1.021
1972	1.038
1973	1.1
1974	0.77
1975	0.815
1976	1.039
1977	0.97
1978	0.944
1979	1.139
1980	0.957
1981	1.005
1982	1.211
1983	1.196
1984	1.041
1985	1.126
1986	0.774
1987	0.746
1988	0.666
1989	0.835
1990	0.765
1991	0.848
1992	0.606
1993	0.86
1994	0.931
1995	0.889