# northamerica_usa_vt004 - Bolton Mountain Middle - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
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# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8514
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
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# Title
#	Study_Name: northamerica_usa_vt004 - Bolton Mountain Middle - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
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# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
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#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
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# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Bolton Mountain Middle
#	Location:
#	Country: United States
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 44.45
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 44.45
#	Easternmost_Longitude: -72.85
#	Westernmost_Longitude: -72.85
#	Elevation: 725 m
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# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: northamerica_usa_vt004B
#	Earliest_Year: 1880
#	Most_Recent_Year: 2005
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"T", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"4.56600437923","T2":"20.6800196126","M1":"0.0217290830263","M2":"0.322220969777"}}
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# Species
#	Species_Name: sugar maple
#	Species_Code: ACSH
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# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
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##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
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age	trsgi
1880	0.951
1881	0.774
1882	0.759
1883	0.754
1884	0.667
1885	0.752
1886	0.645
1887	0.739
1888	0.717
1889	0.728
1890	0.673
1891	0.672
1892	0.759
1893	0.714
1894	0.7
1895	0.777
1896	0.818
1897	0.616
1898	0.707
1899	0.783
1900	0.829
1901	0.951
1902	0.947
1903	1.096
1904	1.124
1905	0.855
1906	1.366
1907	1.116
1908	1.225
1909	1.108
1910	1.073
1911	1.169
1912	0.917
1913	0.86
1914	1.052
1915	1.076
1916	1.066
1917	0.963
1918	0.77
1919	0.99
1920	1.055
1921	1.33
1922	1.036
1923	0.825
1924	1.05
1925	0.771
1926	0.867
1927	0.953
1928	1.078
1929	0.893
1930	1.017
1931	1.13
1932	0.798
1933	0.77
1934	0.924
1935	0.978
1936	0.514
1937	1.09
1938	1.06
1939	1.102
1940	0.827
1941	0.885
1942	0.847
1943	1.08
1944	0.896
1945	0.787
1946	0.799
1947	1.18
1948	0.854
1949	1.137
1950	0.952
1951	1.16
1952	1.23
1953	0.998
1954	0.999
1955	1.638
1956	1.078
1957	1.213
1958	1.208
1959	1.23
1960	0.974
1961	1.331
1962	1.095
1963	1.134
1964	0.891
1965	0.79
1966	0.888
1967	1.07
1968	0.818
1969	1.222
1970	1.224
1971	1.019
1972	1.106
1973	1.361
1974	1.172
1975	1.125
1976	1.246
1977	1.171
1978	1.478
1979	1.086
1980	0.693
1981	0.851
1982	1.025
1983	1.16
1984	1.203
1985	1.155
1986	0.835
1987	1.215
1988	0.697
1989	0.527
1990	0.921
1991	0.953
1992	0.751
1993	0.768
1994	1.077
1995	0.855
1996	0.659
1997	0.813
1998	0.811
1999	0.996
2000	0.72
2001	0.558
2002	0.746
2003	0.671
2004	0.685
2005	0.744