# europe_swit168w - Simmental, Iffigenalp - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
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# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/4646
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: europe_swit168w - Simmental, Iffigenalp - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
#--------------------
# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
#--------------------
# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
#--------------------
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
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# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Simmental, Iffigenalp
#	Location:
#	Country: Switzerland
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 46.4
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 46.4
#	Easternmost_Longitude: 7.43
#	Westernmost_Longitude: 7.43
#	Elevation: 1900 m
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# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: europe_swit168wB
#	Earliest_Year: 1825
#	Most_Recent_Year: 1982
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"T", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"3.57610931079","T2":"16.3926886589","M1":"0.0226009677682","M2":"0.42357138937"}}
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# Species
#	Species_Name: European larch
#	Species_Code: LADE
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# Chronology:
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# Variables
#
# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
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##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
#
age	trsgi
1825	0.626
1826	0.586
1827	0.956
1828	1.045
1829	0.604
1830	0.375
1831	0.756
1832	0.516
1833	1.346
1834	1.54
1835	1.259
1836	0.766
1837	1.115
1838	0.935
1839	1.067
1840	1.236
1841	1.012
1842	1.901
1843	1.022
1844	1.19
1845	0.76
1846	1.615
1847	1.305
1848	0.939
1849	1.074
1850	1.059
1851	0.906
1852	0.832
1853	1.013
1854	0.759
1855	1.291
1856	0.851
1857	0.44
1858	0.593
1859	0.613
1860	1.045
1861	1.087
1862	1.062
1863	1.18
1864	1.148
1865	1.204
1866	0.913
1867	1.201
1868	1.111
1869	0.991
1870	1.082
1871	0.497
1872	0.772
1873	0.87
1874	1.196
1875	1.589
1876	1.222
1877	1.459
1878	1.413
1879	1.085
1880	0.635
1881	0.481
1882	0.57
1883	0.682
1884	0.468
1885	1.212
1886	0.642
1887	1.215
1888	0.965
1889	0.966
1890	0.678
1891	0.842
1892	1.093
1893	1.318
1894	1.322
1895	1.184
1896	1.335
1897	0.617
1898	0.447
1899	0.698
1900	0.939
1901	0.901
1902	0.869
1903	1.287
1904	1.614
1905	1.315
1906	1.023
1907	1.19
1908	0.741
1909	0.267
1910	0.597
1911	0.521
1912	0.771
1913	0.48
1914	0.528
1915	0.774
1916	0.653
1917	1.219
1918	0.594
1919	0.9
1920	0.747
1921	1.163
1922	1.51
1923	0.923
1924	1.839
1925	1.628
1926	0.9
1927	1.149
1928	0.99
1929	0.933
1930	1.158
1931	1.516
1932	1.059
1933	0.899
1934	1.328
1935	1.316
1936	1.116
1937	0.508
1938	0.482
1939	0.898
1940	0.588
1941	0.95
1942	1.165
1943	1.61
1944	2.133
1945	0.909
1946	0.541
1947	1.174
1948	0.692
1949	0.775
1950	0.995
1951	1.466
1952	1.469
1953	1.056
1954	1.073
1955	0.865
1956	0.579
1957	0.625
1958	1.482
1959	1.23
1960	1.305
1961	0.826
1962	1.035
1963	0.794
1964	0.602
1965	0.761
1966	0.963
1967	0.97
1968	0.952
1969	1.082
1970	1.301
1971	0.967
1972	0.834
1973	0.715
1974	0.848
1975	0.576
1976	0.739
1977	0.709
1978	0.689
1979	1.091
1980	0.818
1981	0.962
1982	1.612