# northamerica_usa_ak048 - Chimney Lake - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
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# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5255
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
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# Title
#	Study_Name: northamerica_usa_ak048 - Chimney Lake - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
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# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
#--------------------
# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
#--------------------
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
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# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Chimney Lake
#	Location:
#	Country: United States
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 67.12
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 67.12
#	Easternmost_Longitude: -150.08
#	Westernmost_Longitude: -150.08
#	Elevation: 100 m
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# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: northamerica_usa_ak048B
#	Earliest_Year: 1789
#	Most_Recent_Year: 2001
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"M", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"6.81138607708","T2":"17.5916261702","M1":"0.0223043787656","M2":"0.386347159167"}}
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# Species
#	Species_Name: white spruce
#	Species_Code: PCGL
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# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
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##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
#
age	trsgi
1789	0.813
1790	0.94
1791	1.753
1792	1.29
1793	0.953
1794	0.959
1795	0.948
1796	0.813
1797	0.831
1798	0.745
1799	0.516
1800	0.554
1801	0.645
1802	0.625
1803	0.861
1804	0.881
1805	0.86
1806	0.976
1807	0.952
1808	1.011
1809	0.62
1810	0.787
1811	0.925
1812	0.603
1813	0.674
1814	0.474
1815	0.437
1816	0.365
1817	0.452
1818	0.673
1819	0.517
1820	0.537
1821	0.564
1822	0.71
1823	0.871
1824	1.142
1825	1.005
1826	0.953
1827	0.837
1828	1.039
1829	1.272
1830	1.113
1831	1.017
1832	1.138
1833	0.966
1834	0.8
1835	0.67
1836	0.725
1837	1.023
1838	1.241
1839	1.073
1840	1.458
1841	1.054
1842	1.214
1843	1.05
1844	1.202
1845	0.899
1846	1.062
1847	0.803
1848	0.947
1849	0.775
1850	0.587
1851	0.733
1852	0.753
1853	1.054
1854	1.116
1855	1.304
1856	0.816
1857	0.968
1858	0.924
1859	0.884
1860	0.944
1861	1.096
1862	1.168
1863	1.007
1864	1.019
1865	1.364
1866	1.109
1867	1.39
1868	0.864
1869	0.704
1870	0.832
1871	0.761
1872	0.715
1873	0.877
1874	1.117
1875	1.157
1876	1.272
1877	1.277
1878	1.041
1879	1.108
1880	1.033
1881	1.192
1882	1.189
1883	0.857
1884	0.893
1885	1.265
1886	0.919
1887	0.952
1888	0.985
1889	1.217
1890	1.199
1891	1.259
1892	1.164
1893	0.928
1894	0.983
1895	1.218
1896	1.114
1897	1.241
1898	0.906
1899	0.652
1900	0.715
1901	0.907
1902	0.937
1903	0.836
1904	0.748
1905	0.823
1906	1.069
1907	0.956
1908	1.004
1909	0.895
1910	0.906
1911	0.915
1912	0.653
1913	0.934
1914	0.819
1915	0.873
1916	0.771
1917	0.99
1918	0.97
1919	0.481
1920	0.955
1921	1.028
1922	0.75
1923	1.298
1924	0.849
1925	1.06
1926	1.126
1927	0.977
1928	0.875
1929	1.216
1930	1.259
1931	0.889
1932	1.081
1933	0.737
1934	1.09
1935	1.29
1936	1.24
1937	1.165
1938	0.862
1939	1.188
1940	0.759
1941	1.071
1942	1.163
1943	1.209
1944	1.297
1945	1.051
1946	1.109
1947	0.846
1948	0.754
1949	0.638
1950	0.809
1951	0.789
1952	0.995
1953	0.971
1954	1.069
1955	1.024
1956	0.807
1957	0.969
1958	1.082
1959	0.943
1960	1.188
1961	0.966
1962	1.158
1963	0.885
1964	1.15
1965	0.957
1966	0.91
1967	1.099
1968	1.068
1969	0.721
1970	0.619
1971	1.043
1972	0.979
1973	0.725
1974	0.748
1975	0.915
1976	0.8
1977	1.161
1978	0.894
1979	1.086
1980	1.289
1981	0.995
1982	1.31
1983	1.11
1984	1.281
1985	1.239
1986	1.143
1987	0.806
1988	0.878
1989	0.764
1990	0.972
1991	0.985
1992	0.991
1993	0.62
1994	0.669
1995	0.69
1996	1.021
1997	1.027
1998	0.951
1999	0.863
2000	0.874
2001	0.763