# northamerica_usa_ne004 - Niobrara Valley Preserve - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#		World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#				and
#		NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed.
#
#
# Online_Resource:
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
#
# Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/2873
#
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Tree Rings
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2016-01-07
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: northamerica_usa_ne004 - Niobrara Valley Preserve - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data
#--------------------
# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details
#--------------------
# Publication
#	Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D.
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11
#	Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies
#	Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#	Volume: 10 
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages: 437-449
#	DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014
#	Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/
#	Full_Citation:
#	Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based VaganovÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂShashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4ÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL modelÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂs ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
#--------------------
#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
#------------------
# Funding_Agency
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation
#	Grant:
#--------------------
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
#------------------
# Site_Information
#	Site_Name: Niobrara Valley Preserve
#	Location:
#	Country: United States
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 42.82
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 42.82
#	Easternmost_Longitude: -100.0
#	Westernmost_Longitude: -100.0
#	Elevation: 720 m
#--------------------
# Data_Collection
#	Collection_Name: northamerica_usa_ne004B
#	Earliest_Year: 1667
#	Most_Recent_Year: 1997
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"M", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"3.97925209648","T2":"16.3453274126","M1":"0.0224249377276","M2":"0.499505618942"}}
#--------------------
# Species
#	Species_Name: ponderosa pine
#	Species_Code: PIPO
#--------------------
# Chronology:
#
#
#
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# Variables
#
# Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
#
##age	age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N
##trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N
#
#--------------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: nan
#
age	trsgi
1667	0.728
1668	0.629
1669	1.034
1670	1.139
1671	0.836
1672	0.581
1673	1.219
1674	1.087
1675	1.178
1676	1.151
1677	1.169
1678	1.192
1679	0.746
1680	1.149
1681	0.98
1682	1.299
1683	1.367
1684	1.232
1685	0.988
1686	0.969
1687	1.22
1688	1.145
1689	0.955
1690	0.809
1691	0.648
1692	0.764
1693	0.989
1694	1.049
1695	1.101
1696	1.124
1697	0.805
1698	0.482
1699	0.872
1700	1.096
1701	1.119
1702	1.267
1703	1.266
1704	0.897
1705	1.078
1706	0.818
1707	0.882
1708	0.453
1709	0.75
1710	0.527
1711	0.585
1712	0.683
1713	0.918
1714	1.259
1715	1.205
1716	1.18
1717	0.69
1718	0.559
1719	1.005
1720	0.988
1721	0.474
1722	0.672
1723	0.74
1724	1.052
1725	1.192
1726	1.235
1727	1.355
1728	1.322
1729	1.433
1730	1.337
1731	0.805
1732	0.805
1733	0.917
1734	0.74
1735	1.189
1736	0.59
1737	1.569
1738	1.482
1739	1.025
1740	1.203
1741	0.577
1742	0.932
1743	0.532
1744	1.017
1745	0.778
1746	0.76
1747	1.086
1748	0.986
1749	0.996
1750	1.621
1751	1.662
1752	1.171
1753	1.332
1754	1.285
1755	0.918
1756	0.522
1757	0.574
1758	0.511
1759	0.533
1760	0.537
1761	0.939
1762	0.963
1763	1.187
1764	1.251
1765	1.046
1766	1.235
1767	1.208
1768	1.272
1769	0.766
1770	0.955
1771	1.21
1772	1.227
1773	1.01
1774	1.536
1775	1.368
1776	1.016
1777	0.975
1778	1.374
1779	0.859
1780	1.184
1781	1.451
1782	0.937
1783	1.323
1784	1.218
1785	0.492
1786	0.806
1787	0.582
1788	0.573
1789	0.418
1790	0.624
1791	0.867
1792	0.96
1793	0.901
1794	1.045
1795	0.885
1796	0.721
1797	1.058
1798	0.824
1799	0.852
1800	0.651
1801	0.872
1802	0.688
1803	0.811
1804	0.646
1805	0.94
1806	1.292
1807	1.456
1808	0.991
1809	0.826
1810	0.724
1811	0.692
1812	0.679
1813	1.433
1814	0.984
1815	0.854
1816	0.979
1817	0.89
1818	0.7
1819	0.743
1820	1.036
1821	0.826
1822	0.609
1823	0.655
1824	0.719
1825	0.963
1826	0.828
1827	0.92
1828	1.315
1829	1.057
1830	1.509
1831	1.093
1832	1.363
1833	1.303
1834	1.18
1835	0.948
1836	1.196
1837	0.872
1838	0.759
1839	1.263
1840	1.006
1841	0.874
1842	1.499
1843	1.165
1844	1.714
1845	1.101
1846	1.159
1847	0.906
1848	0.422
1849	1.054
1850	1.096
1851	1.197
1852	1.09
1853	1.027
1854	0.923
1855	0.799
1856	0.966
1857	1.312
1858	1.4
1859	0.92
1860	1.046
1861	0.837
1862	0.698
1863	0.537
1864	0.256
1865	0.545
1866	0.402
1867	0.618
1868	0.68
1869	0.561
1870	0.549
1871	0.661
1872	1.004
1873	0.902
1874	0.712
1875	0.941
1876	0.886
1877	1.075
1878	1.453
1879	1.229
1880	0.784
1881	0.849
1882	1.257
1883	1.253
1884	1.065
1885	0.987
1886	1.374
1887	1.052
1888	1.607
1889	1.216
1890	1.211
1891	1.244
1892	1.02
1893	0.794
1894	0.435
1895	0.298
1896	0.477
1897	0.378
1898	0.701
1899	0.744
1900	0.747
1901	0.874
1902	1.165
1903	1.63
1904	1.32
1905	1.682
1906	1.467
1907	1.413
1908	1.531
1909	1.433
1910	0.943
1911	0.804
1912	1.288
1913	1.053
1914	1.076
1915	1.407
1916	1.129
1917	1.104
1918	1.024
1919	0.903
1920	1.2
1921	1.382
1922	1.139
1923	1.056
1924	0.829
1925	0.438
1926	0.193
1927	0.802
1928	0.626
1929	0.933
1930	0.998
1931	0.7
1932	0.983
1933	0.592
1934	0.218
1935	0.766
1936	0.503
1937	0.628
1938	1.037
1939	0.449
1940	0.609
1941	0.777
1942	1.19
1943	0.882
1944	1.35
1945	1.756
1946	1.273
1947	1.758
1948	1.272
1949	1.051
1950	1.509
1951	2.053
1952	1.019
1953	1.235
1954	1.427
1955	0.872
1956	0.479
1957	0.936
1958	0.855
1959	0.319
1960	0.817
1961	0.596
1962	0.872
1963	0.96
1964	0.619
1965	1.109
1966	0.878
1967	0.796
1968	1.079
1969	0.905
1970	1.02
1971	1.139
1972	1.574
1973	1.096
1974	1.138
1975	0.765
1976	0.477
1977	1.045
1978	1.143
1979	0.841
1980	0.994
1981	0.534
1982	1.054
1983	1.007
1984	1.442
1985	0.727
1986	1.44
1987	0.635
1988	0.973
1989	0.372
1990	1.07
1991	1.078
1992	1.176
1993	0.939
1994	0.793
1995	1.106
1996	1.178
1997	1.131