Ã¯Â»Â¿# Houtman Abrolhos Island Sr/Ca, Oxygen Isotopes, SST and Sea-Level Reconstruction Data from 1795-2010
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
#                World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo/f?p=519:1:0::::P1_STUDY_ID:16316
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611
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# Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/zinke2014/zinke2014-hai.txt
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Climate Reconstructions
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2014-04-07
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# Title
#	Study_Name: Houtman Abrolhos Island Sr/Ca, Oxygen Isotopes, SST and Sea-Level Reconstruction Data from 1795-2010
#--------------------
# Investigators
#       Investigators: Zinke, J.; Rountrey, A.; Feng, M.; Xie, S.-P.; Dissard, D.; Rankenburg, K.; Lough, J.M.; McCulloch, M.T. 
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: The dataset contains mean annual Sr/Ca and oxygen isotope data, SST reconstructions and sea-level reconstructions relative to the 1900-1993 mean. Southeastern Indian Ocean, Sr/Ca, stable isotopes, SST, sea-level height
#--------------------
# Publication 
#       Authors: Zinke, J.; Rountrey, A.; Feng, M.; Xie, S.-P.; Dissard, D.; Rankenburg, K.; Lough, J.M.; McCulloch, M.T.
#       Published_Date_or_Year: 2014     
#       Published_Title: Corals record long-term Leeuwin Current variability including Ningaloo NiÃÂ±o/NiÃÂ±a since 179
#       Journal_Name: Nature Communications
#       Volume: 5
#       Edition: 
#       Issue: 3607
#       Pages: 
#       DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4607
#       Online_Resource: 
#       Full_Citation: Zinke, J., A. Rountrey, M. Feng, S.P. Xie, D. Dissard, K. Rankenburg, J. Lough, and M.T. McCulloch. 2014. Corals record long-term Leeuwin Current variability including Ningaloo NiÃÂ±o/NiÃÂ±a since 1795. Nature Communications, 5, 3607. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4607
#       Abstract: Variability of the Leeuwin current (LC) off Western Australia is a footprint of interannual and decadal climate variations in the tropical Indo-Pacific. La NiÃÂ±a events often result in a strengthened LC, high coastal sea levels and unusually warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs), termed Ningaloo NiÃÂ±o. The rarity of such extreme events and the response of the southeastern Indian Ocean to regional and remote climate forcing are poorly understood owing to the lack of long-term records. Here we use well-replicated coral SST records from within the path of the LC, together with a reconstruction of the El NiÃÂ±o-Southern Oscillation to hindcast historical SST and LC strength from 1795 to 2010. We show that interannual and decadal variations in SST and LC strength characterized the past 215 years and that the most extreme sea level and SST anomalies occurred post 1980. These recent events were unprecedented in severity and are likely aided by accelerated global ocean warming and sea-level rise.
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#	Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#	Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database
#	Journal_Name: Data Science Journal
#	Volume:
#	Edition:
#	Issue:
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number:
#	DOI:
#	Online_Resource:
#	Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal.
#	Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR).  The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series.  They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation.  A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project.  The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables.  Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
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# Funding_Agency 
#       Funding_Agency_Name: 
#       Grant: 
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#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#	Grant:AGS-1304263
#	Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
#	Grant:NA14OAR4310176
#------------------
# Site_Information 
#       Site_Name: Houtman Abrolhos Islands
#       Location: Australia/New Zealand>Australia
#	Country: Australia
#	Northernmost_Latitude: -28.47 
# 	Southernmost_Latitude: -28.47
# 	Easternmost_Longitude: 113.75
# 	Westernmost_Longitude: 113.75
# 	Elevation: -8.5 m
#------------------
# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name: 14aust01c
#	Earliest_Year: 1795
#	Most_Recent_Year: 2010
#	Time_Unit: y_ad
#	Core_Length: 1.29 m
#	Notes: {"database":"LMR"} Previous name HAI Composite Z14. From Zinke et al.(2014): a 215-year record of reconstructed mean annual SST is derived from coral ÃÂ´18O and/or Sr/Ca variations in three cores from the HAIs (Figs 1a, 2aÃ¢ÂÂc; Supplementary Figs 2Ã¢ÂÂ5; Supplementary Tables 1 and 2). In brief, we first, normalized (subtract mean and divide by s.d.) each individual coral record to its variance using the time period 1900Ã¢ÂÂ1993 shared by all cores; second, aligned the new annually resolved Sr/Ca and ÃÂ´18O records with the Kuhnert et al.12 annual time series, and third, averaged all records to form a composite chronology that extends from 1795 to 2010. We converted our normalized coral composite proxy record to SST by scaling it to the s.d. of extended reconstructed SST (ERSST)v3b17 (over the period 1900Ã¢ÂÂ1993), the longest continuous SST data set for the HAI region.

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# Species
#	Species_Name: Porites sp. 
#	Common_Name: 
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# Chronology: 
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# Variables 
#
# Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) 
#
##age	age, , ,years AD, ,Climate Reconstructions, , ,N
##sst	sea surface temperature,Sr/Ca and d18O Porites sp.,,degrees Celsius,,Climate Reconstructions,1900-93 normalized,,N
##sst_err	sea surface temperature,Sr/Ca and d18O Porites sp.,2sigma error,degrees Celsius,,Climate Reconstructions,1900-93 normalized,,N
##sst_comp	coral composite,Sr/Ca and d18O Porites sp.,, ,,Climate Reconstructions,1900-93 normalized,,N
#
#----------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: NAN
#
age	sst	sst_err	sst_comp
1795	-0.085086289	0.13235	0.232794225
1796	-0.642698769	0.30870	1.758409764
1797	-0.862329717	0.38609	2.359315231
1798	-0.067141692	0.36536	0.183698200
1799	-1.091461475	0.36556	2.986214706
1800	-0.909978124	0.47648	2.489680229
1801	-1.516370154	0.47443	4.148755552
1802	-0.935330812	0.41210	2.559044629
1803	-0.853791379	0.33127	2.335954525
1804	-0.356647010	0.35743	0.975778413
1805	-0.816961163	0.27679	2.235187861
1806	-0.303071340	0.22964	0.829196552
1807	-1.280540384	0.39478	3.503530461
1808	-0.895173496	0.37840	2.449175092
1809	-0.512660572	0.21430	1.402628103
1810	-0.384494860	0.22781	1.051969522
1811	-0.656066648	0.33888	1.794983990
1812	-0.866344485	0.38751	2.370299548
1813	-0.729267158	0.28010	1.995258981
1814	-0.556286207	0.33126	1.521986887
1815	-0.607920959	0.32330	1.663258439
1816	-1.014847146	0.31151	2.776599577
1817	-0.483900723	0.27166	1.323941786
1818	-0.746492165	0.30761	2.042386226
1819	-0.621873171	0.25881	1.701431385
1820	-0.768130136	0.33092	2.101587239
1821	-0.873084323	0.35345	2.388739599
1822	-1.452968295	0.41433	3.975289453
1823	-0.880363389	0.26780	2.408654963
1824	0.462292025	0.15832	-1.264820863
1825	-0.167570004	0.13341	0.458467864
1826	-0.524796355	0.26800	1.435831341
1827	-0.909379574	0.28427	2.488042611
1828	-0.477409630	0.25190	1.306182299
1829	-0.457080145	0.20214	1.250561271
1830	-0.153493037	0.14361	0.419953590
1831	-0.302021496	0.16661	0.826324201
1832	-0.293048717	0.34493	0.801774877
1833	-0.718518653	0.32482	1.965851307
1834	-0.688726060	0.35890	1.884339425
1835	0.016827873	0.22632	-0.046040692
1836	-0.587691740	0.28962	1.607911737
1837	-1.367767294	0.42367	3.742181378
1838	-0.690142510	0.23983	1.888214801
1839	-1.022745730	0.33865	2.798209932
1840	-1.317981557	0.44289	3.605968693
1841	-0.407337219	0.19231	1.114465715
1842	-1.186694756	0.33970	3.246770877
1843	-0.466442838	0.17780	1.276177395
1844	-0.562183016	0.20424	1.538120426
1845	0.022326293	0.12568	-0.061084248
1846	-0.452140475	0.16829	1.237046442
1847	-0.530890751	0.21486	1.452505475
1848	-0.786245326	0.36174	2.151150004
1849	-0.358109648	0.16819	0.979780160
1850	-0.228765036	0.13931	0.625896133
1851	-0.202740781	0.14894	0.554694340
1852	-0.188057488	0.13559	0.514521170
1853	-0.333233363	0.18337	0.911719186
1854	-1.019958252	0.44714	2.790583452
1855	-0.465892917	0.23142	1.274672823
1856	-0.149453542	0.25256	0.408901619
1857	-0.211315088	0.19419	0.578153454
1858	-0.280612281	0.21106	0.767749058
1859	-0.763964066	0.28921	2.090188963
1860	-0.614434524	0.29984	1.681079408
1861	-0.298818124	0.15435	0.817559846
1862	-0.092564245	0.24329	0.253253748
1863	0.295420529	0.23853	-0.808264101
1864	-0.133104980	0.18479	0.364172312
1865	-0.149495138	0.18947	0.409015426
1866	-0.550749262	0.25220	1.506837925
1867	-0.220750985	0.15023	0.603969863
1868	0.302562445	0.17712	-0.827804227
1869	-0.191646398	0.15914	0.524340350
1870	0.075090092	0.15357	-0.205444847
1871	0.086549162	0.17379	-0.236796613
1872	0.102454401	0.18188	-0.280312999
1873	0.514540660	0.28028	-1.407771985
1874	0.275569441	0.21767	-0.753951959
1875	0.247263734	0.19335	-0.676508163
1876	0.248153378	0.21939	-0.678942211
1877	-0.218461568	0.18175	0.597706067
1878	-0.376633960	0.19374	1.030462270
1879	0.171783344	0.23873	-0.469995469
1880	0.303229886	0.20346	-0.829630330
1881	0.134599249	0.10295	-0.368260599
1882	-0.048556542	0.11306	0.132849636
1883	-0.332367149	0.19389	0.909349246
1884	-0.329983614	0.17688	0.902827945
1885	-0.313843074	0.16794	0.858667782
1886	-0.328482878	0.18134	0.898721966
1887	-0.739393284	0.27359	2.022963841
1888	-0.496980461	0.18275	1.359727664
1889	-0.388213437	0.19401	1.062143465
1890	-0.353892945	0.19096	0.968243351
1891	-0.249585168	0.14389	0.682859557
1892	-0.446031613	0.22783	1.220332730
1893	-0.379021073	0.18493	1.036993360
1894	-0.184659378	0.14802	0.505224017
1895	-0.326874302	0.16995	0.894320935
1896	-0.371301690	0.19044	1.015873296
1897	-0.671101499	0.25400	1.836119012
1898	-0.504859250	0.21138	1.381283857
1899	-0.257138679	0.17415	0.703525798
1900	0.029265935	0.10157	-0.080070958
1901	-0.252854111	0.13864	0.691803312
1902	-0.227590632	0.16069	0.622682989
1903	-0.506018431	0.22457	1.384455353
1904	-0.387446575	0.18592	1.060045349
1905	-0.401208660	0.12810	1.097698113
1906	-0.265728997	0.14801	0.727028718
1907	-0.273461517	0.14889	0.748184725
1908	-0.294113277	0.17378	0.804687488
1909	0.169469161	0.12174	-0.463663914
1910	-0.007881440	0.14471	0.021563446
1911	-0.054772015	0.10878	0.149855035
1912	-0.473793827	0.11906	1.296289541
1913	-0.573898722	0.20247	1.570174343
1914	-0.503572002	0.21385	1.377761975
1915	-0.295938424	0.15816	0.809681051
1916	0.066790842	0.11215	-0.182738282
1917	-0.203680081	0.14096	0.557264244
1918	0.205692223	0.14513	-0.562769421
1919	-0.184887893	0.16224	0.505849229
1920	0.026626750	0.13841	-0.072850206
1921	0.333211122	0.16612	-0.911658338
1922	0.318678233	0.16161	-0.871896669
1923	-0.204875723	0.18674	0.560535494
1924	-0.294256273	0.18638	0.805078721
1925	-0.198263034	0.21941	0.542443322
1926	-0.292978002	0.18456	0.801581402
1927	-0.116074319	0.14993	0.317576796
1928	-0.106176933	0.14341	0.290497764
1929	-0.124977660	0.14227	0.341936143
1930	-0.010873564	0.12692	0.029749832
1931	-0.329707636	0.20495	0.902072875
1932	0.034563567	0.09864	-0.094565163
1933	-0.128498182	0.13752	0.351568213
1934	0.383528279	0.14914	-1.049324978
1935	-0.064971307	0.15870	0.177760073
1936	-0.043512071	0.10717	0.119048073
1937	-0.147073964	0.17790	0.402391145
1938	-0.176077531	0.15540	0.481744270
1939	-0.000550979	0.14118	0.001507465
1940	-0.095322485	0.14548	0.260800231
1941	-0.190185071	0.17533	0.520342192
1942	-0.150787613	0.14542	0.412551608
1943	0.372338565	0.15973	-1.018710164
1944	-0.262361065	0.18148	0.717814131
1945	-0.003191785	0.14404	0.008732653
1946	-0.215518717	0.16337	0.589654493
1947	0.050321771	0.16065	-0.137679263
1948	0.263470205	0.10526	-0.720848713
1949	0.208529235	0.11352	-0.570531423
1950	-0.113990527	0.11544	0.311875586
1951	0.048264808	0.14382	-0.132051458
1952	0.309321141	0.05623	-0.846295872
1953	0.069444344	0.13709	-0.189998205
1954	-0.388553057	0.22396	1.063072658
1955	-0.170691966	0.14926	0.467009483
1956	-0.131081692	0.16006	0.358636641
1957	-0.143641900	0.15045	0.393001095
1958	0.097982013	0.11722	-0.268076643
1959	-0.035239736	0.15187	0.096415145
1960	-0.269500322	0.19209	0.737346983
1961	0.117241115	0.10442	-0.320769124
1962	0.092908870	0.13163	-0.254196635
1963	0.527450142	0.23267	-1.443092043
1964	0.085494769	0.12095	-0.233911816
1965	0.104116363	0.15224	-0.284860090
1966	0.038556756	0.11605	-0.105490441
1967	0.021145408	0.11538	-0.057853374
1968	-0.068628009	0.12626	0.187764730
1969	-0.324034819	0.18218	0.886552172
1970	0.145398301	0.10046	-0.397806569
1971	-0.164448129	0.17295	0.449926482
1972	0.300611898	0.10374	-0.822467574
1973	0.328567190	0.12990	-0.898952641
1974	0.306978019	0.10299	-0.839885140
1975	0.479655879	0.12822	-1.312327986
1976	0.367973898	0.14536	-1.006768530
1977	0.386619665	0.11428	-1.057782942
1978	0.688384841	0.22341	-1.883405858
1979	0.348103828	0.15371	-0.952404455
1980	0.470476701	0.13082	-1.287213957
1981	0.224442496	0.13661	-0.614069757
1982	0.253964975	0.15159	-0.694842613
1983	0.466036270	0.18768	-1.275065035
1984	0.037366621	0.09970	-0.102234257
1985	0.036013457	0.14207	-0.098532031
1986	-0.197528549	0.16949	0.540433786
1987	0.364426141	0.11143	-0.997061944
1988	0.404171886	0.11204	-1.105805435
1989	0.752093157	0.20536	-2.057710416
1990	0.573691389	0.17158	-1.569607083
1991	0.289853002	0.10582	-0.793031470
1992	0.417374820	0.16387	-1.141928372
1993	-0.015201320	0.12391	0.041590479
1994	0.413378936	0.10994	-1.130995721
1995	0.439084937	0.14573	-1.201326777
1996	0.700751635	0.22574	-1.917241135
1997	0.358728137	0.12584	-0.981472331
1998	0.442683248	0.14670	-1.211171678
1999	0.979684416	0.22672	-2.680395120
2000	0.773334488	0.24998	-2.115826234
2001	0.338018106	0.12135	-0.924810140
2002	0.316417836	0.11702	-0.865712273
2003	0.402952623	0.13635	-1.102469557
2004	0.089477881	0.10241	-0.244809524
2005	0.213071955	0.10248	-0.582960204
2006	0.338285442	0.12141	-0.925541565
2007	0.366782768	0.12766	-1.003509625
2008	0.788959540	0.25526	-2.158576033
2009	0.443672644	0.14696	-1.213878643
2010	0.447882233	0.14810	-1.225395987