# Rabaul Coral Stable Isotope and Sr/Ca Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:6116 # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/rabaul2006.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2008-07 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Rabaul Coral Stable Isotope and Sr/Ca Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Quinn, T.M.; Taylor, F.W.; Crowley, T.J. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: A ~1.8 m Porites lobata coral head was recovered in ~8 m of water from offshore of Rabaul, East New Britain, Papua New Guinea (4deg 11.493'S, 151deg 58.63'E) in September, 1998. A 5-mm thick slab of the coral core was sampled for geochemical analyses every 0.625 mm along the major axis of coral growth. Petrographic thin sections and SEM images were examined for evidence of secondary minerals; none was observed in the 0-174 cm section of the coral core used in this study. The basal section of the core was not used in this study because it is characterized by extensive evidence of alteration (Quinn and Taylor, 2006). Stable isotopic and elemental ratio determinations were made on splits of the same powder using instrumentation at the University of South Florida (USF; ThermoFinnigan DeltaPlus with Kiel III carbonate device and Perkin Elmer 4300 DV Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emissions Spectrometer). Stable isotopic precision, based on daily measurements of laboratory standards (N > 500) over the past 12 months, is plus/minus 0.06 per mil (1 sigma) for oxygen, plus/minus 0.03 per mil (1 sigma) for carbon. All values are reported in standard delta notation relative to the VPDB isotopic standard using the conventional notation. Analytical precision for Sr/Ca determinations, based on repeated measurements of an internal gravimetric standard (n > 25,000), is plus/minus 0.14% (2 sigma; plus/minus 0.013mmol/mol) and is plus/minus 0.25% (2 sigma; plus/minus 0.022 mmol/mol) based on repeated measurements of a homogenized coral powder (n > 600). The pooled standard deviation of >100 Sr/Ca analyses on replicate samples is 0.030 mmol/mol. The accuracy of our standard's Sr/Ca value has been externally verified by TIMS analysis at the University of Minnesota Isotope Laboratory. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Quinn, T.M.; Taylor, F.W.; Crowley, T.J. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006 # Published_Title: Coral-based climate variability in the Western Pacific Warm Pool since 1867. # Journal_Name: J. Geophys. Res. # Volume: 111 # Edition: # Issue: C11006 # Pages: # DOI: 10.1029/2005JC003243 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Quinn, T.M., F.W. Taylor, and T.J. Crowley. 2006. Coral-based climate variability in the Western Pacific Warm Pool since 1867. J. Geophys. Res., 111, C11006, doi:10.1029/2005JC003243. # Abstract: We have generated monthly resolved, stable isotope (d18O and d13C) and Sr/Ca time series from a massive Porites coral from Rabaul (4�S, 152�E): a site located in the warmest sector of the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). The coral d18O and Sr/Ca time series are well correlated to each other and positive excursions in both records coincide with times of ENSO warm phase events. These time series contain abundant interannual variability that exhibits the well- recognized pattern of low amplitude ENSO variation between ~1920�1960 and high amplitude ENSO variation between 1880�1920 and 1960�1997. The ENSO-filtered coral d18O and Sr/Ca time series are well matched to each other (r = 0.73) and to similarly filtered coral d18O records from Papua New Guinea (r > 0.56). There is no long-term trend in the coral d18O record, but there is a long-term trend of increasing coral Sr/Ca from 1867 to 1997. This trend in coral Sr/Ca suggests a cooling of ~0.7�C, which is rather unlikely and implies that factors other than SST may be influencing the coral Sr/Ca record. The trend in coral Sr/Ca is not an analytical artifact, nor a product of time varying riverine input, nor a product of skeletal diagenesis, nor the results of kinetic effects, but may reflect surface-water variability in Sr/Ca. Despite the presence of a nonclimatic trend in coral Sr/Ca, the Rabaul coral records contain abundant interannual- to multidecadal- scale variability, much of which is coherent with other proxy records from the WPWP and with instrumental records of ENSO variability. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Quinn, T.M.; Taylor, F.W. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006 # Published_Title: SST artifacts in coral proxy records produced by early marine diagenesis in a modern coral from Rabaul, Papua New Guinea. # Journal_Name: Geophys. Res. Lett. # Volume: 33 # Edition: # Issue: L04601 # Pages: # DOI: 10.1029/2005GL024972 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Quinn, T. M., and F. W. Taylor. 2006. SST artifacts in coral proxy records produced by early marine diagenesis in a modern coral from Rabaul, Papua New Guinea. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04601, doi:10.1029/2005GL024972. # Abstract: #------------------ # Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database # Journal_Name: Data Science Journal # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal. # Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR). The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series. They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation. A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project. The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables. Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation Earth System History # Grant: OCE-9727414, OCE-971054 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Paleoclimatology Program # Grant: NA76GP0505, NA76GP0268 #------------------ # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant:AGS-1304263 # Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration # Grant:NA14OAR4310176 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Rabaul, East New Britain, Papua New Guinea # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>South Pacific Ocean>Melanesia>Papua New Guinea # Country: Papua New Guinea # Northernmost_Latitude: -4.18 # Southernmost_Latitude: -4.18 # Easternmost_Longitude: 151.98 # Westernmost_Longitude: 151.98 # Elevation: -8 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: 06papu01b # Earliest_Year: 1867 # Most_Recent_Year: 1997 # Time_Unit: y_ad # Core_Length: 1.74 m # Notes: {"database":"LMR"} #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: Porites lobata # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology: # # # # # # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##age age, , ,years AD, , Climate Reconstructions, , ,N ##sst sea surface temperature, sea water, , degrees C, , Climate Reconstructions, , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: NAN # age sst 1867.38 29.27 1867.46 28.94 1867.55 28.71 1867.63 28.5 1867.71 28.67 1867.8 29.05 1867.88 29.39 1867.96 29.51 1868.05 29.41 1868.13 29.28 1868.21 29.27 1868.3 29.25 1868.38 29.27 1868.46 28.94 1868.55 28.71 1868.63 28.5 1868.71 28.67 1868.8 29.05 1868.88 29.39 1868.96 29.51 1869.05 29.41 1869.13 29.28 1869.21 29.27 1869.3 29.25 1869.38 29.27 1869.46 28.94 1869.55 28.71 1869.63 28.5 1869.71 28.67 1869.8 29.05 1869.88 29.39 1869.96 29.51 1870.05 29.44 1870.13 29.06 1870.21 28.95 1870.3 28.6 1870.38 29.18 1870.46 28.99 1870.55 28.94 1870.63 28.89 1870.71 28.73 1870.8 29.36 1870.88 29.6 1870.96 29.67 1871.05 29.49 1871.13 29.33 1871.21 29.25 1871.3 29.36 1871.38 29.35 1871.46 29.07 1871.55 28.59 1871.63 28.15 1871.71 28.27 1871.8 28.87 1871.88 29.54 1871.96 29.53 1872.05 29.52 1872.13 29.25 1872.21 29.15 1872.3 29.01 1872.38 28.96 1872.46 28.61 1872.55 28.49 1872.63 28.6 1872.71 28.74 1872.8 28.92 1872.88 29.14 1872.96 29.42 1873.05 29.53 1873.13 29.49 1873.21 29.5 1873.3 29.07 1873.38 29.01 1873.46 28.63 1873.55 28.69 1873.63 28.47 1873.71 28.66 1873.8 28.91 1873.88 29.35 1873.96 29.38 1874.05 29.47 1874.13 29.25 1874.21 29.24 1874.3 29.19 1874.38 29.11 1874.46 29.04 1874.55 28.89 1874.63 28.47 1874.71 28.63 1874.8 28.89 1874.88 29.19 1874.96 29.53 1875.05 29.34 1875.13 29.06 1875.21 29.14 1875.3 29.02 1875.38 29.68 1875.46 29.06 1875.55 28.82 1875.63 28.67 1875.71 28.98 1875.8 29.19 1875.88 29.55 1875.96 29.54 1876.05 29.58 1876.13 29.49 1876.21 29.62 1876.3 29.23 1876.38 29.13 1876.46 28.7 1876.55 28.44 1876.63 28.27 1876.71 28.31 1876.8 28.84 1876.88 29.07 1876.96 29.38 1877.05 29.17 1877.13 29.13 1877.21 29.15 1877.3 28.86 1877.38 28.89 1877.46 28.48 1877.55 28.25 1877.63 28.06 1877.71 28.24 1877.8 28.59 1877.88 28.92 1877.96 28.95 1878.05 29.04 1878.13 28.7 1878.21 29.04 1878.3 29.16 1878.38 29.35 1878.46 28.84 1878.55 28.66 1878.63 28.33 1878.71 28.64 1878.8 28.99 1878.88 29.69 1878.96 29.69 1879.05 29.79 1879.13 29.36 1879.21 29.44 1879.3 29.17 1879.38 29.59 1879.46 29.4 1879.55 29.12 1879.63 28.5 1879.71 28.64 1879.8 28.86 1879.88 29.55 1879.96 29.68 1880.05 29.97 1880.13 29.69 1880.21 29.33 1880.3 29.23 1880.38 29.22 1880.46 28.71 1880.55 28.43 1880.63 28.06 1880.71 28.12 1880.8 28.58 1880.88 29.11 1880.96 29.61 1881.05 29.45 1881.13 29.31 1881.21 29.39 1881.3 29.22 1881.38 29.48 1881.46 28.93 1881.55 28.96 1881.63 28.68 1881.71 28.76 1881.8 29.35 1881.88 29.52 1881.96 29.54 1882.05 29.49 1882.13 29.38 1882.21 29.65 1882.3 29.34 1882.38 29.25 1882.46 29.14 1882.55 28.86 1882.63 28.65 1882.71 28.57 1882.8 28.96 1882.88 29.41 1882.96 29.37 1883.05 29.36 1883.13 29.25 1883.21 29.08 1883.3 29.05 1883.38 29.21 1883.46 29.16 1883.55 29.11 1883.63 28.75 1883.71 28.79 1883.8 28.81 1883.88 29.28 1883.96 29.47 1884.05 29.5 1884.13 29.21 1884.21 29.33 1884.3 29.23 1884.38 29.22 1884.46 28.93 1884.55 28.46 1884.63 28.49 1884.71 28.56 1884.8 28.76 1884.88 28.98 1884.96 29.24 1885.05 29.45 1885.13 29.33 1885.21 29.35 1885.3 29.07 1885.38 28.96 1885.46 28.59 1885.55 28.3 1885.63 27.85 1885.71 28.12 1885.8 28.56 1885.88 29 1885.96 29.11 1886.05 29.27 1886.13 29.24 1886.21 29.3 1886.3 29.57 1886.38 29.59 1886.46 29 1886.55 28.95 1886.63 29.04 1886.71 29.11 1886.8 29.23 1886.88 29.44 1886.96 29.49 1887.05 29 1887.13 29.19 1887.21 29.3 1887.3 29.15 1887.38 29.41 1887.46 28.93 1887.55 28.85 1887.63 28.88 1887.71 28.69 1887.8 28.95 1887.88 29.18 1887.96 29.29 1888.05 29.32 1888.13 29.09 1888.21 29.2 1888.3 28.81 1888.38 28.83 1888.46 28.29 1888.55 28.32 1888.63 27.83 1888.71 27.96 1888.8 28.13 1888.88 28.93 1888.96 29.19 1889.05 28.72 1889.13 28.6 1889.21 29.06 1889.3 29.05 1889.38 29.18 1889.46 29.18 1889.55 28.8 1889.63 28.51 1889.71 28.9 1889.8 29.18 1889.88 29.29 1889.96 29.36 1890.05 29.48 1890.13 29.14 1890.21 29.19 1890.3 29.21 1890.38 29.23 1890.46 28.89 1890.55 28.67 1890.63 28.45 1890.71 28.41 1890.8 28.9 1890.88 29.22 1890.96 29.37 1891.05 29.17 1891.13 28.84 1891.21 28.89 1891.3 28.76 1891.38 29 1891.46 28.84 1891.55 28.62 1891.63 28.42 1891.71 28.69 1891.8 29.03 1891.88 29.27 1891.96 29.33 1892.05 29.31 1892.13 29.21 1892.21 29.15 1892.3 29 1892.38 29.24 1892.46 28.96 1892.55 28.68 1892.63 28.63 1892.71 29.04 1892.8 29.31 1892.88 29.84 1892.96 29.87 1893.05 29.76 1893.13 29.58 1893.21 29.64 1893.3 29.22 1893.38 29.34 1893.46 29.16 1893.55 29.24 1893.63 29.01 1893.71 28.89 1893.8 29.15 1893.88 29.54 1893.96 29.72 1894.05 29.52 1894.13 29.21 1894.21 28.99 1894.3 29.03 1894.38 29.18 1894.46 28.85 1894.55 28.85 1894.63 28.53 1894.71 29.04 1894.8 29.31 1894.88 29.55 1894.96 29.3 1895.05 29.22 1895.13 29.11 1895.21 29 1895.3 29 1895.38 28.96 1895.46 28.96 1895.55 28.61 1895.63 28.32 1895.71 28.68 1895.8 29.1 1895.88 29.45 1895.96 29.55 1896.05 29.64 1896.13 29.27 1896.21 29.2 1896.3 29.26 1896.38 29.35 1896.46 28.99 1896.55 28.72 1896.63 28.11 1896.71 28.1 1896.8 28.49 1896.88 29.31 1896.96 29.34 1897.05 28.98 1897.13 29.1 1897.21 29.19 1897.3 29.38 1897.38 29.2 1897.46 28.87 1897.55 28.66 1897.63 28.62 1897.71 28.66 1897.8 29.31 1897.88 29.53 1897.96 29.56 1898.05 29.58 1898.13 29.57 1898.21 29.69 1898.3 29.57 1898.38 29.42 1898.46 29.04 1898.55 28.41 1898.63 28.11 1898.71 28.47 1898.8 29.11 1898.88 29.28 1898.96 29.28 1899.05 29.37 1899.13 29.43 1899.21 29.42 1899.3 29.36 1899.38 29.37 1899.46 29.01 1899.55 29.02 1899.63 28.19 1899.71 28.19 1899.8 28.9 1899.88 28.97 1899.96 29.19 1900.04 28.86 1900.13 28.95 1900.21 28.89 1900.29 28.81 1900.38 28.89 1900.46 28.7 1900.54 28.41 1900.63 28.35 1900.71 28.78 1900.79 29.04 1900.88 29.45 1900.96 29.58 1901.04 29.32 1901.13 29.72 1901.21 29.61 1901.29 29.59 1901.38 29.61 1901.46 29.28 1901.54 28.83 1901.63 28.7 1901.71 28.6 1901.79 28.85 1901.88 29.06 1901.96 29.25 1902.04 29.36 1902.13 29.22 1902.21 29.02 1902.29 29.2 1902.38 28.97 1902.46 28.19 1902.54 28 1902.63 27.68 1902.71 27.83 1902.79 28.02 1902.88 28.4 1902.96 28.92 1903.04 28.93 1903.13 29.08 1903.21 28.87 1903.29 29.35 1903.38 29.27 1903.46 28.67 1903.54 28.7 1903.63 28.43 1903.71 28.57 1903.79 28.88 1903.88 29.39 1903.96 29.38 1904.04 29.22 1904.13 29.18 1904.21 29.09 1904.29 29.13 1904.38 28.94 1904.46 28.57 1904.54 28.17 1904.63 27.8 1904.71 28.42 1904.79 28.49 1904.88 29.2 1904.96 29.25 1905.04 28.92 1905.13 28.46 1905.21 28.85 1905.29 29.03 1905.38 28.93 1905.46 28.59 1905.54 27.98 1905.63 27.73 1905.71 28.28 1905.79 28.44 1905.88 28.93 1905.96 29.17 1906.04 29.04 1906.13 28.9 1906.21 28.79 1906.29 29.21 1906.38 29.17 1906.46 28.95 1906.54 29.27 1906.63 29.02 1906.71 29.32 1906.79 29.65 1906.88 29.4 1906.96 29.68 1907.04 28.98 1907.13 28.64 1907.21 28.93 1907.29 29 1907.38 29.3 1907.46 29.34 1907.54 28.67 1907.63 28.94 1907.71 28.62 1907.79 29.11 1907.88 29.23 1907.96 29.45 1908.04 28.88 1908.13 28.84 1908.21 29.4 1908.29 29.2 1908.38 29.39 1908.46 28.93 1908.54 28.69 1908.63 28.4 1908.71 28.47 1908.79 28.92 1908.88 29.35 1908.96 29.55 1909.04 29.3 1909.13 29.13 1909.21 28.81 1909.29 28.94 1909.38 29.39 1909.46 29.15 1909.54 29.07 1909.63 28.76 1909.71 28.84 1909.79 29.51 1909.88 29.52 1909.96 29.51 1910.04 29.66 1910.13 29.27 1910.21 28.75 1910.29 29.25 1910.38 29.47 1910.46 28.86 1910.54 28.83 1910.63 28.85 1910.71 29.05 1910.79 29.38 1910.88 29.55 1910.96 29.49 1911.04 29.21 1911.13 28.77 1911.21 28.97 1911.29 29.16 1911.38 28.85 1911.46 28.52 1911.54 28.21 1911.63 27.81 1911.71 28.14 1911.79 28.3 1911.88 28.86 1911.96 29.09 1912.04 28.68 1912.13 29.01 1912.21 29.05 1912.29 29.05 1912.38 28.95 1912.46 28.83 1912.54 28.57 1912.63 28.44 1912.71 28.64 1912.79 28.96 1912.88 29.25 1912.96 29.61 1913.04 28.71 1913.13 28.97 1913.21 28.92 1913.29 29.22 1913.38 29.12 1913.46 28.87 1913.54 28.57 1913.63 27.93 1913.71 28.04 1913.79 28.73 1913.88 28.95 1913.96 29.08 1914.04 28.87 1914.13 28.79 1914.21 28.85 1914.29 28.8 1914.38 29.2 1914.46 28.68 1914.54 28.43 1914.63 27.94 1914.71 28.23 1914.79 28.75 1914.88 29.12 1914.96 28.98 1915.04 28.94 1915.13 28.82 1915.21 28.91 1915.29 28.84 1915.38 28.87 1915.46 28.75 1915.54 28.88 1915.63 28.83 1915.71 29.02 1915.79 29.26 1915.88 29.54 1915.96 29.7 1916.04 29.54 1916.13 29.4 1916.21 29.33 1916.29 29.3 1916.38 29.34 1916.46 29.02 1916.54 28.73 1916.63 28.74 1916.71 28.94 1916.79 29.29 1916.88 29.56 1916.96 29.77 1917.04 29.45 1917.13 29.21 1917.21 28.87 1917.29 28.88 1917.38 29.03 1917.46 28.84 1917.54 28.47 1917.63 28.31 1917.71 28.54 1917.79 28.87 1917.88 29.12 1917.96 29.71 1918.04 29.85 1918.13 29.25 1918.21 29.23 1918.29 28.9 1918.38 29.15 1918.46 28.84 1918.54 28.47 1918.63 28.11 1918.71 28.01 1918.79 28.54 1918.88 28.83 1918.96 28.93 1919.04 28.96 1919.13 29.01 1919.21 29.12 1919.29 28.89 1919.38 28.98 1919.46 28.63 1919.54 28.4 1919.63 28.27 1919.71 28.38 1919.79 28.66 1919.88 29.28 1919.96 29.26 1920.04 29.05 1920.13 29 1920.21 29.28 1920.29 29.49 1920.38 29.46 1920.46 29.01 1920.54 28.48 1920.63 28.44 1920.71 28.87 1920.79 29.39 1920.88 29.42 1920.96 29.42 1921.04 29.25 1921.13 29.11 1921.21 29.36 1921.29 29.16 1921.38 29.55 1921.46 29.15 1921.54 29.15 1921.63 28.9 1921.71 29.13 1921.79 29.26 1921.88 29.47 1921.96 29.51 1922.04 28.96 1922.13 28.75 1922.21 29.13 1922.29 29.18 1922.38 29.04 1922.46 29.03 1922.54 29.01 1922.63 28.69 1922.71 28.7 1922.79 29.23 1922.88 29.76 1922.96 29.59 1923.04 29.27 1923.13 29.07 1923.21 29.1 1923.29 29.14 1923.38 29.22 1923.46 28.69 1923.54 28.15 1923.63 28.1 1923.71 28.27 1923.79 28.47 1923.88 29.11 1923.96 29.21 1924.04 29.07 1924.13 28.91 1924.21 29.31 1924.29 29.02 1924.38 29.4 1924.46 28.94 1924.54 29.1 1924.63 28.82 1924.71 28.88 1924.79 29.21 1924.88 29.43 1924.96 29.43 1925.04 29.43 1925.13 28.92 1925.21 29.12 1925.29 28.98 1925.38 29.31 1925.46 28.62 1925.54 28.42 1925.63 28.1 1925.71 28.51 1925.79 28.7 1925.88 29.13 1925.96 29.42 1926.04 29.29 1926.13 29.34 1926.21 29.24 1926.29 29.45 1926.38 29.71 1926.46 29.01 1926.54 28.46 1926.63 28.97 1926.71 29.11 1926.79 29.52 1926.88 29.57 1926.96 29.59 1927.04 29.16 1927.13 29.04 1927.21 29.44 1927.29 29.32 1927.38 29.31 1927.46 29.19 1927.54 28.9 1927.63 28.76 1927.71 28.95 1927.79 29.31 1927.88 29.62 1927.96 29.68 1928.04 29.51 1928.13 29.13 1928.21 29.03 1928.29 29.23 1928.38 29.21 1928.46 28.62 1928.54 28.48 1928.63 28.49 1928.71 28.97 1928.79 29.33 1928.88 29.54 1928.96 29.72 1929.04 29.35 1929.13 29.35 1929.21 29.18 1929.29 28.97 1929.38 29.02 1929.46 28.55 1929.54 28.32 1929.63 28.37 1929.71 28.43 1929.79 28.92 1929.88 29.34 1929.96 29.37 1930.04 29.23 1930.13 29.09 1930.21 29.09 1930.29 28.93 1930.38 29.04 1930.46 28.85 1930.54 28.23 1930.63 28.44 1930.71 28.35 1930.79 28.91 1930.88 29.26 1930.96 29.31 1931.04 29.04 1931.13 29.09 1931.21 28.95 1931.29 28.85 1931.38 29.19 1931.46 28.8 1931.54 28.7 1931.63 28.23 1931.71 28.79 1931.79 29 1931.88 29.42 1931.96 29.67 1932.04 29.29 1932.13 29.11 1932.21 29.26 1932.29 28.99 1932.38 28.57 1932.46 28.34 1932.54 28.22 1932.63 27.97 1932.71 28.31 1932.79 28.78 1932.88 29.16 1932.96 29.24 1933.04 29.18 1933.13 29.35 1933.21 29.42 1933.29 29.02 1933.38 29.1 1933.46 28.89 1933.54 28.75 1933.63 28.69 1933.71 28.66 1933.79 28.89 1933.88 29.53 1933.96 29.69 1934.04 29.64 1934.13 29.6 1934.21 29.29 1934.29 29.25 1934.38 28.93 1934.46 29.02 1934.54 28.79 1934.63 28.69 1934.71 28.55 1934.79 29.18 1934.88 29.51 1934.96 29.51 1935.04 29.17 1935.13 29.43 1935.21 29.3 1935.29 29.37 1935.38 28.98 1935.46 28.68 1935.54 28.67 1935.63 28.85 1935.71 28.77 1935.79 29.05 1935.88 29.3 1935.96 29.52 1936.04 29.25 1936.13 29.17 1936.21 29.15 1936.29 29.35 1936.38 29.37 1936.46 29.15 1936.54 29.02 1936.63 28.93 1936.71 28.76 1936.79 29.33 1936.88 29.46 1936.96 29.26 1937.04 29.46 1937.13 28.75 1937.21 29.08 1937.29 29.61 1937.38 29.48 1937.46 29.25 1937.54 28.93 1937.63 28.9 1937.71 29 1937.79 29.4 1937.88 29.78 1937.96 29.98 1938.04 29.72 1938.13 29.43 1938.21 29.44 1938.29 29.41 1938.38 29.69 1938.46 28.87 1938.54 29.06 1938.63 28.76 1938.71 28.65 1938.79 28.95 1938.88 29.38 1938.96 29.33 1939.04 29.21 1939.13 29.05 1939.21 29.12 1939.29 29.14 1939.38 29.2 1939.46 28.71 1939.54 28.94 1939.63 28.93 1939.71 29.07 1939.79 29.16 1939.88 29.48 1939.96 29.69 1940.04 29.27 1940.13 29.06 1940.21 29.19 1940.29 29.07 1940.38 29.39 1940.46 28.67 1940.54 28.5 1940.63 28.2 1940.71 28.52 1940.79 28.86 1940.88 29.33 1940.96 29.24 1941.04 29.23 1941.13 28.91 1941.21 28.88 1941.29 29.05 1941.38 28.79 1941.46 28.53 1941.54 28.12 1941.63 27.43 1941.71 28.02 1941.79 28.78 1941.88 29.03 1941.96 29.42 1942.04 29.1 1942.13 29.1 1942.21 29.4 1942.29 29.5 1942.38 29.36 1942.46 29.05 1942.54 28.84 1942.63 28.8 1942.71 29.04 1942.79 29.29 1942.88 29.54 1942.96 29.69 1943.04 29.45 1943.13 29.3 1943.21 29.3 1943.29 29.34 1943.38 29.62 1943.46 29.28 1943.54 29.05 1943.63 28.9 1943.71 29.23 1943.79 29.68 1943.88 29.9 1943.96 29.9 1944.04 29.86 1944.13 29.37 1944.21 29.76 1944.29 29.91 1944.38 29.81 1944.46 29.46 1944.54 29.34 1944.63 29.18 1944.71 29.29 1944.79 29.29 1944.88 29.43 1944.96 30 1945.04 29.93 1945.13 30.08 1945.21 29.83 1945.29 29.53 1945.38 29.56 1945.46 29.35 1945.54 28.97 1945.63 28.57 1945.71 28.72 1945.79 29.26 1945.88 29.65 1945.96 29.61 1946.04 29.68 1946.13 29.64 1946.21 29.46 1946.29 29.11 1946.38 29.15 1946.46 28.62 1946.54 28.33 1946.63 28.07 1946.71 28.57 1946.79 28.84 1946.88 29.45 1946.96 29.77 1947.04 29.18 1947.13 29.47 1947.21 29.48 1947.29 29.34 1947.38 29.84 1947.46 30.08 1947.54 29.01 1947.63 28.66 1947.71 28.98 1947.79 29.2 1947.88 29.39 1947.96 29.5 1948.04 29.24 1948.13 29.19 1948.21 29.05 1948.29 28.89 1948.38 29.09 1948.46 28.84 1948.54 28.61 1948.63 28.62 1948.71 28.88 1948.79 29.14 1948.88 29.35 1948.96 29.54 1949.04 29.15 1949.13 29.03 1949.21 28.85 1949.29 28.96 1949.38 28.9 1949.46 28.35 1949.54 28.84 1949.63 28.79 1949.71 28.56 1949.79 29.32 1949.88 29.46 1949.96 29.47 1950.04 29.53 1950.13 29.59 1950.21 29.44 1950.29 29.49 1950.38 29.56 1950.46 29.43 1950.54 29.64 1950.63 28.88 1950.71 28.72 1950.79 29.25 1950.88 29.87 1950.96 29.79 1951.04 29.49 1951.13 29.62 1951.21 29.05 1951.29 28.93 1951.38 28.97 1951.46 28.79 1951.54 28.12 1951.63 28.24 1951.71 28.22 1951.79 28.76 1951.88 28.58 1951.96 29.32 1952.04 29.5 1952.13 29.51 1952.21 29.15 1952.29 29.1 1952.38 29.33 1952.46 28.92 1952.54 28.78 1952.63 28.4 1952.71 28.8 1952.79 29.18 1952.88 29.36 1952.96 29.19 1953.04 28.76 1953.13 29.08 1953.21 28.94 1953.29 28.83 1953.38 28.82 1953.46 28.31 1953.54 28.34 1953.63 28.03 1953.71 28.45 1953.79 28.78 1953.88 28.8 1953.96 29.35 1954.04 29.05 1954.13 28.9 1954.21 29.27 1954.29 29.27 1954.38 29.16 1954.46 28.79 1954.54 28.61 1954.63 28.49 1954.71 28.71 1954.79 28.89 1954.88 29.05 1954.96 29.21 1955.04 29.26 1955.13 29.27 1955.21 29.01 1955.29 28.96 1955.38 28.87 1955.46 28.7 1955.54 28.91 1955.63 28.99 1955.71 29.03 1955.79 29.79 1955.88 29.68 1955.96 29.64 1956.04 29.69 1956.13 29.42 1956.21 29.21 1956.29 29.17 1956.38 29.27 1956.46 29 1956.54 28.76 1956.63 28.89 1956.71 28.72 1956.79 29.48 1956.88 29.85 1956.96 30.1 1957.04 29.66 1957.13 29.35 1957.21 29.33 1957.29 29.28 1957.38 29.36 1957.46 28.49 1957.54 28.12 1957.63 28.22 1957.71 27.63 1957.79 28.25 1957.88 28.44 1957.96 29.05 1958.04 29.37 1958.13 29.44 1958.21 29.42 1958.29 28.83 1958.38 28.82 1958.46 28.2 1958.54 28.04 1958.63 28.08 1958.71 28.39 1958.79 28.65 1958.88 28.79 1958.96 29.09 1959.04 28.9 1959.13 28.82 1959.21 28.76 1959.29 28.93 1959.38 29.24 1959.46 28.49 1959.54 28.49 1959.63 28.38 1959.71 28.48 1959.79 28.74 1959.88 29.11 1959.96 29.2 1960.04 29.36 1960.13 29.23 1960.21 29.22 1960.29 29.13 1960.38 29.16 1960.46 28.64 1960.54 28.7 1960.63 28.22 1960.71 28.63 1960.79 28.9 1960.88 29.38 1960.96 29.39 1961.04 28.85 1961.13 29.53 1961.21 29.14 1961.29 29.43 1961.38 29.48 1961.46 29.16 1961.54 28.57 1961.63 28.59 1961.71 28.71 1961.79 29.04 1961.88 29.69 1961.96 29.88 1962.04 30.23 1962.13 29.82 1962.21 29.95 1962.29 29.64 1962.38 29.54 1962.46 29.31 1962.54 29.22 1962.63 29.11 1962.71 29.3 1962.79 29.78 1962.88 29.56 1962.96 29.79 1963.04 30.08 1963.13 30.12 1963.21 29.75 1963.29 30.01 1963.38 29.58 1963.46 28.89 1963.54 29.09 1963.63 29.26 1963.71 28.71 1963.79 28.67 1963.88 29.53 1963.96 29.55 1964.04 29.59 1964.13 29.28 1964.21 29.78 1964.29 29.74 1964.38 29.81 1964.46 29.38 1964.54 29.32 1964.63 28.66 1964.71 29.03 1964.79 29.32 1964.88 29.41 1964.96 29.4 1965.04 29.1 1965.12 28.87 1965.21 29.04 1965.29 28.85 1965.37 29.04 1965.46 28.34 1965.54 27.27 1965.62 27.28 1965.71 27.54 1965.79 28.12 1965.87 28.69 1965.96 28.91 1966.04 28.95 1966.12 29.03 1966.21 28.72 1966.29 29.04 1966.37 28.71 1966.46 28.53 1966.54 28.05 1966.62 28.06 1966.71 28.76 1966.79 28.41 1966.87 29.6 1966.96 29.51 1967.04 29.25 1967.12 29.03 1967.21 29.25 1967.29 29.32 1967.37 29.7 1967.46 29.33 1967.54 28.86 1967.62 28.76 1967.71 29.21 1967.79 29.14 1967.87 29.17 1967.96 29.43 1968.04 29.96 1968.12 29.01 1968.21 29.48 1968.29 29.24 1968.37 29.57 1968.46 29.13 1968.54 29.3 1968.62 28.55 1968.71 29.13 1968.79 29.68 1968.87 29.5 1968.96 29.77 1969.04 29.62 1969.12 28.96 1969.21 29.64 1969.29 29.54 1969.37 29.59 1969.46 29.51 1969.54 29.16 1969.62 28.82 1969.71 29.74 1969.79 29.4 1969.87 29.56 1969.96 29.68 1970.04 29.51 1970.12 29.24 1970.21 29.52 1970.29 29.32 1970.37 29.41 1970.46 29.13 1970.54 28.95 1970.62 28.98 1970.71 29.25 1970.79 29.48 1970.87 29.97 1970.96 29.86 1971.04 29.55 1971.12 29.74 1971.21 29.66 1971.29 29.3 1971.37 29.17 1971.46 28.65 1971.54 28.93 1971.62 28.78 1971.71 28.91 1971.79 29.43 1971.87 29.63 1971.96 29.31 1972.04 28.78 1972.12 29.08 1972.21 29.32 1972.29 29.04 1972.37 28.82 1972.46 28.3 1972.54 27.8 1972.62 27.57 1972.71 27.48 1972.79 28.35 1972.87 29.11 1972.96 29.21 1973.04 29.29 1973.12 29.25 1973.21 29.16 1973.29 29.57 1973.37 29.25 1973.46 29.24 1973.54 28.82 1973.62 28.91 1973.71 29.17 1973.79 29.42 1973.87 29.45 1973.96 29.74 1974.04 29.64 1974.12 29.25 1974.21 29.21 1974.29 29.16 1974.37 29.12 1974.46 28.82 1974.54 29 1974.62 28.84 1974.71 29.12 1974.79 29.39 1974.87 29.68 1974.96 29.53 1975.04 29.16 1975.12 29.48 1975.21 28.93 1975.29 29.18 1975.37 30.02 1975.46 28.94 1975.54 29.16 1975.62 28.9 1975.71 28.83 1975.79 29.16 1975.87 29.4 1975.96 29.6 1976.04 29.58 1976.12 28.76 1976.21 28.82 1976.29 28.8 1976.37 28.93 1976.46 28.41 1976.54 28.5 1976.62 28.23 1976.71 27.96 1976.79 28.86 1976.87 29.84 1976.96 29.61 1977.04 29.37 1977.12 29.96 1977.21 29.94 1977.29 29.48 1977.37 29.48 1977.46 29.2 1977.54 28.33 1977.62 28.59 1977.71 28.27 1977.79 28.89 1977.87 28.96 1977.96 29.57 1978.04 29.54 1978.12 28.89 1978.21 29.21 1978.29 29.3 1978.37 29.42 1978.46 29.46 1978.54 29.14 1978.62 29.2 1978.71 29.09 1978.79 29.03 1978.87 29.64 1978.96 29.78 1979.04 29.81 1979.12 29.35 1979.21 29.18 1979.29 29.21 1979.37 28.98 1979.46 29 1979.54 28.71 1979.62 28.54 1979.71 28.5 1979.79 28.95 1979.87 29.53 1979.96 29.46 1980.04 29.91 1980.12 29.5 1980.21 29.23 1980.29 29.51 1980.37 29.44 1980.46 28.92 1980.54 28.43 1980.62 28.21 1980.71 28.71 1980.79 28.84 1980.87 29.41 1980.96 29.7 1981.04 29.6 1981.12 29.3 1981.21 29.42 1981.29 29.52 1981.37 29.55 1981.46 29.46 1981.54 29.55 1981.62 28.96 1981.71 28.87 1981.79 29.66 1981.87 30.09 1981.96 29.92 1982.04 29.76 1982.12 29.41 1982.21 29.2 1982.29 29.07 1982.37 29.4 1982.46 28.69 1982.54 27.69 1982.62 27.26 1982.71 27.68 1982.79 28.31 1982.87 28.65 1982.96 29.58 1983.04 29.38 1983.12 29.26 1983.21 29.22 1983.29 29.2 1983.37 29.02 1983.46 28.62 1983.54 28.04 1983.62 27.9 1983.71 28.44 1983.79 29.1 1983.87 29.36 1983.96 29.34 1984.04 30.19 1984.12 30.03 1984.21 29.99 1984.29 29.76 1984.37 29.46 1984.46 28.82 1984.54 28.4 1984.62 28.68 1984.71 29.05 1984.79 29.64 1984.87 29.51 1984.96 29.6 1985.04 29.74 1985.12 30.16 1985.21 29.69 1985.29 29.81 1985.37 29.73 1985.46 29.29 1985.54 29.32 1985.62 29.11 1985.71 29.16 1985.79 29.48 1985.87 30.21 1985.96 29.7 1986.04 29.78 1986.12 29.69 1986.21 30.15 1986.29 29.62 1986.37 29.98 1986.46 29.41 1986.54 29.05 1986.62 28.44 1986.71 28.61 1986.79 29.28 1986.87 29.17 1986.96 29.08 1987.04 29.35 1987.12 28.85 1987.21 28.99 1987.29 29.17 1987.37 29.14 1987.46 28.85 1987.54 28.11 1987.62 27.7 1987.71 28.12 1987.79 28.84 1987.87 29.39 1987.96 29.14 1988.04 29.2 1988.12 29.57 1988.21 30 1988.29 29.76 1988.37 29.67 1988.46 29.39 1988.54 29.27 1988.62 29.11 1988.71 28.99 1988.79 29.76 1988.87 29.91 1988.96 29.86 1989.04 29.79 1989.12 29.61 1989.21 29.75 1989.29 29.63 1989.37 29.67 1989.46 29.39 1989.54 29.52 1989.62 29.35 1989.71 29.31 1989.79 29.57 1989.87 29.89 1989.96 29.97 1990.04 29.84 1990.12 29.5 1990.21 29.23 1990.29 29.68 1990.37 29.8 1990.46 29.37 1990.54 29.24 1990.62 28.5 1990.71 28.75 1990.79 29.33 1990.87 29.73 1990.96 29.77 1991.04 29.89 1991.12 29.84 1991.21 29.54 1991.29 29.81 1991.37 29.61 1991.46 29.25 1991.54 28.98 1991.62 28.7 1991.71 28.56 1991.79 28.83 1991.87 29.29 1991.96 29.74 1992.04 29.05 1992.12 29.2 1992.21 28.84 1992.29 29.16 1992.37 28.87 1992.46 28.56 1992.54 28.33 1992.62 27.88 1992.71 28.61 1992.79 28.65 1992.87 29.29 1992.96 29.65 1993.04 29.35 1993.12 28.82 1993.21 28.77 1993.29 28.75 1993.37 28.27 1993.46 28.19 1993.54 27.96 1993.62 27.1 1993.71 27.95 1993.79 28.26 1993.87 29.19 1993.96 29.28 1994.04 29.32 1994.12 29.32 1994.21 29.73 1994.29 29.68 1994.37 29.67 1994.46 29.3 1994.54 28.5 1994.62 28.35 1994.71 28.47 1994.79 28.89 1994.87 29.31 1994.96 29.43 1995.04 29.7 1995.12 29.92 1995.21 29.91 1995.29 30.08 1995.37 29.72 1995.46 29.43 1995.54 29.72 1995.62 29.4 1995.71 29.15 1995.79 29.93 1995.87 30.3 1995.96 30.32 1996.04 30.52 1996.12 30.8 1996.21 29.95 1996.29 29.93 1996.37 29.82 1996.46 29.82 1996.54 29.62 1996.62 29.16 1996.71 29.8 1996.79 30.02 1996.87 30.46 1996.96 30.3 1997.04 30.18 1997.12 29.99 1997.21 29.5 1997.29 29.49 1997.37 29.37 1997.46 29.1 1997.54 28.58