# WDC PALEO DATA SUBMISSION for PAGES 2k database # # Created 01 Mrz 2013 by Raphi Neukom based on WDC template from 21 Dec 2012 using make_NOAA_files.r #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/pacific/avaiki2006.txt # # Archive: Speleothems #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 01-03-2013 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Avaiki Speleothem lamina thickness #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Rasbury, M. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from NOAA Paleo DB. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Rasbury, M.; Aharon, P. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006 # Published_Title: ENSO-controlled rainfall variability records archived in tropical stalagmites from the mid-ocean island of Niue, South Pacific # Journal_Name: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems # Volume: 7 # Issue: # Pages: Q07010 # DOI: 10.1029/2005GC001232 # Abstract: Niue Island is located in close proximity to the epicenter of the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ), and its rainfall variability is controlled by changes in the phase of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Four actively growing stalagmites displaying couplets of light and dark calcite layers were sampled from a flank-margin cave on Niue Island in order to determine the dominant climate factor controlling lamina thickness and establish the usefulness of the stalagmites as archives of ENSO variability records. Couplets counting, AMS radiocarbon assays, and growth rates analysis (mean growth rate: 0.34 +/- 0.04 mm/yr for n = 604) support the premise that these couplets are annually deposited and their stalagmites contain records of up to two centuries long. Comparison of band thickness records with instrumental records of air temperature and rainfall kept on the island since 1930 and 1906, respectively, suggests that rainfall variability is the dominant controlling factor. Coherency between the spectral power of the annual layers unraveling periodicities at 2.4 and 5.4 years and that of annual and monsoon rainfall at 2.4-2.7 and 5.2 years corroborates the rainfall control on the band thickness variability of the Niuean stalagmites. Phase lags and amplitude discrepancies between rainfall and stalagmite records are attributed to the impact of torrential rains accompanying cyclones that occasionally struck the island. The excellent agreement between the periodicities prominent in the Niuean stalagmites and those typical of the ENSO phenomenon (2.4 and 4.3-6.0 years) suggests the latter exerts a dominant control on the stalagmite growth rates via rainfall variability. Interdecadal periodicities at 10, 14, and 30 years contained in the Niuean stalagmites spectral power are tentatively attributed to ENSO phase changes driven by the Inter-Decadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). The Niuean stalagmites, exhibiting relative fast growth rates and prominent layered sequences, hold promise to provide continuous century to millennium-long high-resolution atmospheric records of ENSO history that will complement and expand the sea surface temperature records archived in tropical Pacific corals. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Avaiki Cave # Location: Pacific Ocean>Niue # Region: PAGES Australasia 2k # Northernmost_Latitude: -19 # Southernmost_Latitude: -19 # Easternmost_Longitude: -169.83 # Westernmost_Longitude: -169.83 # Elevation: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Speleothems Lamina thickness for PAGES Australasia 2k regional reconstructions # Earliest_Year: 1829 # Most_Recent_Year: 2001 # Time_Unit: AD # Notes: These may be processed data. Raw data can be obtained from NOAA Paleo DB. #-------------------- # Species #-------------------- # Chronology: #-------------------- # Variables # Short_name What,Material,Error,Units, Anomaly_period,Archive,Details,Method,Data_type ## age_AD age, , ,AD, ,speleothems, ,,N ## Avaiki_ASM1 Speleothems Lamina thickness,Speleothem,,mm,,speleothem,,,N #-------------------- # Data # Missing values: NA age_AD Avaiki_ASM1 1829 0.091 1830 0.305 1831 0.184 1832 0.438 1833 0.202 1834 0.124 1835 0.276 1836 0.579 1837 0.495 1838 0.285 1839 0.353 1840 0.533 1841 0.195 1842 0.11 1843 0.114 1844 0.364 1845 0.344 1846 0.512 1847 0.412 1848 0.216 1849 0.297 1850 0.282 1851 0.147 1852 0.217 1853 0.274 1854 0.2 1855 0.251 1856 0.124 1857 0.273 1858 0.211 1859 0.206 1860 0.371 1861 0.315 1862 0.473 1863 0.199 1864 0.318 1865 0.107 1866 0.207 1867 0.197 1868 0.299 1869 0.145 1870 0.138 1871 0.371 1872 0.285 1873 0.157 1874 0.269 1875 0.211 1876 0.239 1877 0.362 1878 0.232 1879 0.116 1880 0.225 1881 0.226 1882 0.308 1883 0.454 1884 0.384 1885 0.487 1886 0.163 1887 0.34 1888 0.297 1889 0.448 1890 0.219 1891 0.226 1892 0.382 1893 0.392 1894 0.886 1895 0.581 1896 0.42 1897 0.384 1898 0.335 1899 0.363 1900 0.436 1901 0.479 1902 0.55 1903 0.457 1904 0.37 1905 0.377 1906 0.555 1907 0.235 1908 0.283 1909 0.307 1910 0.371 1911 0.435 1912 0.385 1913 0.355 1914 0.599 1915 0.377 1916 0.365 1917 0.469 1918 0.468 1919 0.298 1920 0.183 1921 0.779 1922 0.57 1923 0.297 1924 0.638 1925 0.335 1926 0.181 1927 0.516 1928 0.493 1929 0.518 1930 0.447 1931 0.466 1932 0.525 1933 0.266 1934 0.599 1935 0.656 1936 0.511 1937 0.374 1938 0.593 1939 0.171 1940 0.153 1941 0.116 1942 0.195 1943 0.383 1944 0.175 1945 0.214 1946 0.225 1947 0.19 1948 0.301 1949 0.449 1950 0.35 1951 0.204 1952 0.523 1953 0.334 1954 0.375 1955 0.226 1956 0.212 1957 0.468 1958 0.331 1959 0.221 1960 0.243 1961 0.355 1962 0.142 1963 0.153 1964 0.269 1965 0.267 1966 0.316 1967 0.291 1968 0.131 1969 0.182 1970 0.408 1971 0.499 1972 0.372 1973 0.285 1974 0.609 1975 0.413 1976 0.527 1977 0.297 1978 0.702 1979 0.476 1980 0.445 1981 0.435 1982 0.533 1983 0.39 1984 0.185 1985 0.406 1986 0.285 1987 0.434 1988 0.422 1989 0.48 1990 0.529 1991 0.548 1992 0.445 1993 0.439 1994 0.397 1995 0.586 1996 0.369 1997 0.53 1998 0.427 1999 0.436 2000 0.312 2001 0.499