# WDC PALEO DATA SUBMISSION for PAGES 2k database # # Created 01 Mrz 2013 by Raphi Neukom based on WDC template from 21 Dec 2012 using make_NOAA_files.r #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/rarotonga2006.txt # # Archive: Corals #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 15-05-2013 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Rarotonga 2R Coral d18O and Sr/Ca #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Linsley, B.K. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from NOAA Paleo DB. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Linsley, B.; Wellington, G.; Schrag, D. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2000 # Published_Title: Decadal Sea Surface Temperature Variability in the Subtropical South Pacific from 1726 to 1997 AD # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: 290 # Issue: # Pages: 1145-1149 #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Linsley, B. K.; Kaplan, A.; Gouriou, Y.; Salinger, J.; Demenocal, P. B.; Wellington, G. M.; Howe, S. S. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006 # Published_Title: Tracking the extent of the South Pacific Convergence Zone since the early 1600s # Journal_Name: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems # Volume: 7 # Issue: # Pages: # Abstract: The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) is the largest and most persistent spur of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. At the southeastern edge of the SPCZ near 170 degrees W and 15 degrees - 20 degrees S a surface ocean salinity frontal zone exists that separates fresher Western Pacific Warm Pool water from saltier and cooler waters in the east. This salinity front is known to shift east and west with the phase of the El Nino Southern Oscillation. We have generated subannually resolved and replicated coral oxygen isotopic time series from Fiji ( 17 degrees S, 179 degrees E) and Rarotonga (21.5 degrees S, 160 degrees W) that have recorded interannual displacements of the salinity front over the last 380 years and also indicate that at lower frequencies the decadal mean position of the salinity front, and eastern extent of the SPCZ, has shifted east-west through 10 degrees to 20 degrees of longitude three times during this interval. The most recent and largest shift began in the mid 1800s as the salinity front progressively moved eastward and salinity decreased at both sites. Our results suggest that sea surface salinity at these sites is now at the lowest levels recorded and is evidence for an unprecedented expansion of the SPCZ since the mid 1800s. The expansion of the SPCZ implies a gradual change in the South Pacific to more La Nina-like long-term mean conditions. This observation is consistent with the ocean thermostat mechanism for the Pacific coupled ocean-atmosphere system, whereby exogenous heating of the atmosphere would result in greater warming in the western Pacific and a greater east-west surface temperature gradient. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Rarotonga 2R # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean # Region: PAGES Australasia 2k # Country: Cook Island # Northernmost_Latitude: -21.23 # Southernmost_Latitude: -21.23 # Easternmost_Longitude: -159.83 # Westernmost_Longitude: -159.83 # Elevation: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Coral d18O and Sr/Ca for PAGES Australasia 2k regional reconstructions # Earliest_Year: 1762 # Most_Recent_Year: 1996 # Time_Unit: AD # Notes: These may be processed data. Raw data can be obtained from NOAA Paleo DB.. Early part of the record (back to 1726) removed due to potential artifacts, See Linsley et al. 2006 G3. #-------------------- # Species #-------------------- # Chronology: #-------------------- # Variables # Short_name What,Material,Error,Units, Anomaly_period,Archive,Details,Method,Data_type ## age_AD age, , ,AD, ,corals, ,,N ## Rarotonga_d18O_SONDJF Coral d18O,coral,,‰,,coral,,,N ## Rarotonga_SrCa_SONDJF Coral Sr/Ca,coral,,Sr/Ca ratio,,coral,,,N #-------------------- # Data # Missing values: NA age_AD Rarotonga_d18O_SONDJF Rarotonga_SrCa_SONDJF 1762 -3.911 9.344 1763 -3.867 9.371 1764 -3.959 9.342 1765 -3.982 9.385 1766 -3.699 9.515 1767 -3.774 9.472 1768 -3.786 9.44 1769 -3.775 9.506 1770 -3.905 9.551 1771 -3.968 9.483 1772 -4.196 9.396 1773 -4.149 9.454 1774 -3.943 9.476 1775 -4.039 9.453 1776 -4.02 9.417 1777 -3.822 9.442 1778 -3.962 9.406 1779 -3.86 9.405 1780 -4.08 9.472 1781 -4.312 9.376 1782 -4.061 9.414 1783 -4.17 9.47 1784 -4.363 9.368 1785 -4.335 9.378 1786 -4.165 9.387 1787 -4.194 9.44 1788 -4.274 9.356 1789 -4.121 9.393 1790 -4.089 9.389 1791 -3.849 9.494 1792 -3.898 9.504 1793 -4.445 9.403 1794 -4.505 9.423 1795 -4.525 9.432 1796 -4.357 9.423 1797 -4.321 9.485 1798 -4.192 9.512 1799 -4.132 9.494 1800 -4.255 9.38 1801 -4.163 9.422 1802 -4.235 9.396 1803 -3.941 9.544 1804 -4.192 9.463 1805 -4.379 9.342 1806 -4.256 9.388 1807 -4.24 9.415 1808 -4.248 9.395 1809 -4.089 9.453 1810 -4.192 9.379 1811 -4.27 9.388 1812 -4.401 9.368 1813 -4.333 9.396 1814 -4.189 9.433 1815 -3.885 9.5 1816 -3.945 9.494 1817 -3.943 9.481 1818 -3.85 9.384 1819 -4.013 9.267 1820 -3.827 9.382 1821 -3.842 9.346 1822 -4.014 9.419 1823 -4.055 9.361 1824 -3.688 9.534 1825 -4.483 9.341 1826 -4.338 9.452 1827 -4.297 9.417 1828 -4.44 9.357 1829 -4.359 9.34 1830 -4.134 9.457 1831 -4.153 9.446 1832 -4.08 9.469 1833 -4.263 9.598 1834 -4.307 9.417 1835 -4.249 9.436 1836 -4.037 9.499 1837 -4.342 9.44 1838 -4.1 9.521 1839 -4.061 9.51 1840 -4.366 9.41 1841 -4.174 9.442 1842 -4.213 9.536 1843 -4.155 9.487 1844 -4.255 9.475 1845 -4.155 9.535 1846 -4.209 9.512 1847 -4.167 9.528 1848 -4.318 9.491 1849 -4.276 9.494 1850 -4.015 9.586 1851 -4.174 9.561 1852 -4.32 9.48 1853 -4.117 9.509 1854 -4.176 9.485 1855 -4.29 9.418 1856 -4.269 9.482 1857 -4.314 9.451 1858 -4.303 9.427 1859 -4.059 9.54 1860 -4.19 9.47 1861 -4.452 9.374 1862 -4.31 9.395 1863 -4.161 9.479 1864 -4.127 9.468 1865 -4.253 9.47 1866 -4.131 9.538 1867 -4.347 9.392 1868 -4.252 9.407 1869 -4.352 9.458 1870 -4.431 9.357 1871 -4.355 9.383 1872 -4.29 9.4 1873 -4.284 9.448 1874 -4.357 9.407 1875 -4.306 9.457 1876 -4.249 9.459 1877 -4.113 9.529 1878 -4.104 9.531 1879 -4.511 9.441 1880 -4.24 9.516 1881 -4.121 9.537 1882 -4.409 9.466 1883 -4.233 9.516 1884 -4.236 9.448 1885 -4.01 9.557 1886 -4.587 9.38 1887 -4.498 9.387 1888 -4.184 9.493 1889 -4.416 9.407 1890 -4.352 9.468 1891 -4.34 9.488 1892 -4.224 9.553 1893 -4.499 9.489 1894 -4.536 9.41 1895 -4.324 9.456 1896 -4.25 9.486 1897 -4.145 9.559 1898 -4.291 9.507 1899 -4.472 9.457 1900 -4.265 9.485 1901 -4.486 9.44 1902 -4.364 9.521 1903 -4.26 9.488 1904 -4.192 9.522 1905 -4.159 9.562 1906 -4.122 9.549 1907 -4.333 9.497 1908 -4.29 9.568 1909 -4.596 9.516 1910 -4.455 9.524 1911 -4.429 9.52 1912 -4.386 9.587 1913 -4.166 9.632 1914 -4.247 9.54 1915 -4.44 9.511 1916 -4.369 9.505 1917 -4.539 9.486 1918 -4.618 9.445 1919 -4.363 9.483 1920 -4.174 9.498 1921 -4.566 9.495 1922 -4.465 9.498 1923 -4.3 9.459 1924 -4.195 9.566 1925 -4.353 9.487 1926 -4.239 9.56 1927 -4.292 9.495 1928 -4.209 9.505 1929 -4.22 9.46 1930 -4.358 9.43 1931 -4.14 9.491 1932 -4.148 9.466 1933 -4.219 9.403 1934 -4.268 9.474 1935 -4.182 9.556 1936 -4.167 9.43 1937 -3.945 9.56 1938 -4.271 9.552 1939 -4.378 9.477 1940 -4.364 9.488 1941 -4.006 9.633 1942 -4.089 9.568 1943 -4.337 9.464 1944 -4.576 9.571 1945 -4.379 9.558 1946 -4.625 9.454 1947 -4.435 9.483 1948 -4.22 9.475 1949 -4.193 9.457 1950 -4.319 9.406 1951 -4.419 9.388 1952 -4.269 9.442 1953 -4.3 9.389 1954 -4.253 9.5 1955 -4.46 9.441 1956 -4.625 9.445 1957 -4.671 9.407 1958 -4.348 9.522 1959 -4.3 9.592 1960 -4.471 9.508 1961 -4.483 9.457 1962 -4.331 9.531 1963 -4.325 9.484 1964 -4.333 9.54 1965 -4.317 9.474 1966 -4.289 9.531 1967 -4.349 9.489 1968 -4.414 9.457 1969 -4.45 9.436 1970 -4.345 9.515 1971 -4.474 9.464 1972 -4.537 9.432 1973 -4.343 9.5 1974 -4.596 9.383 1975 -4.46 9.415 1976 -4.477 9.4 1977 -4.369 9.47 1978 -4.449 9.455 1979 -4.431 9.499 1980 -4.426 9.525 1981 -4.462 9.484 1982 -4.404 9.458 1983 -4.235 9.552 1984 -4.373 9.508 1985 -4.478 9.457 1986 -4.42 9.509 1987 -4.456 9.489 1988 -4.43 9.515 1989 -4.554 9.464 1990 -4.47 9.438 1991 -4.441 9.475 1992 -4.561 9.448 1993 -4.581 9.416 1994 -4.542 9.455 1995 -4.486 9.47 1996 -4.534 9.443