# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) 37 0.024344 102 0.024791 167 0.025971 232 0.02609 297 0.027699 362 0.027334 427 0.026555 492 0.025574 557 0.025441 622 0.025759 688 0.025612 835 0.026516 880 0.025792 924 0.027064 969 0.02655 1014 0.026626 1058 0.026596 1103 0.026324 1147 0.02747 1192 0.027221 1238 0.025748 1284 0.026304 1331 0.025878 1378 0.025927 1424 0.02602 1471 0.025931 1518 0.025446 1564 0.026109 1611 0.026766 1658 0.027713 1704 0.026279 1751 0.026543 1798 0.026292 1844 0.025809 1891 0.026676 1938 0.024407 1984 0.022789 2031 0.023771 2078 0.022414 2124 0.022329 2171 0.022002 2205 0.022189 2240 0.021944 2274 0.024734 2308 0.023571 2343 0.022944 2377 0.022819 2412 0.025319 2446 0.024924 2480 0.024607 2515 0.025392 2549 0.026584 2583 0.025677 2618 0.026472 2652 0.027015 2687 0.025903 2721 0.025745 2755 0.027006 2790 0.027587 2824 0.027534 2852 0.026778 2872 0.026808 2893 0.026577 2913 0.026286 2934 0.025833 2954 0.025501 2975 0.026391 2995 0.02512 3016 0.025491 3036 0.025396 3057 0.02618 3077 0.025834 3098 0.025627 3118 0.025148 3139 0.025234 3159 0.026021 3180 0.026396 3200 0.025738 3241 0.025317 3241 0.026057 3265 0.025681 3289 0.02571 3312 0.025123 3336 0.025677 3360 0.02591 3384 0.026278 3407 0.026808 3431 0.025854 3455 0.026488 3479 0.025159 3502 0.025983 3526 0.026974 3550 0.025964 3574 0.026905 3597 0.027369 3621 0.026871 3645 0.027144 3669 0.027684 3692 0.02718 3716 0.027081 3740 0.026718 3763 0.025677 3787 0.025999 3811 0.025646 3835 0.026038 3858 0.026258 3881 0.026074 3903 0.025801 3926 0.025576 3949 0.026003 3972 0.026173 3994 0.026024 4017 0.024525 4040 0.024661 4063 0.024684 4085 0.024973 4108 0.025861 4131 0.025834 4154 0.025149 4176 0.025196 4199 0.025336 4224 0.025951 4251 0.025703 4278 0.024819 4305 0.025142 4333 0.025991 4360 0.025635 4387 0.026467 4414 0.026709 4441 0.027488 4468 0.026604 4495 0.02577 4523 0.025898 4554 0.025813 4589 0.025854 4624 0.025637 4659 0.024935 4694 0.025282 4729 0.025714 4764 0.02532 4799 0.025129 4834 0.025935 4869 0.025848 4904 0.024699 4939 0.0252 4974 0.025994 5016 0.025439 5067 0.025966 5117 0.02565 5167 0.024776 5218 0.024869 5268 0.025149 5318 0.025058 5369 0.027095 5419 0.027834 5469 0.027703 5520 0.02827 5570 0.027405 5620 0.027342 5671 0.027543 5721 0.028439 5758 0.027987 5781 0.028611 5804 0.027523 5827 0.027543 5850 0.02812 5873 0.027098 5896 0.027564 5919 0.027579 5943 0.026678 5966 0.026377 5989 0.025782 6012 0.024842 6035 0.026695 6058 0.026333 6081 0.026776 6104 0.026365 6127 0.025646 6150 0.025775 6173 0.026785 6196 0.026408 6228 0.026764 6268 0.02702 6308 0.025902 6348 0.025946 6387 0.025627 6427 0.025543 6467 0.02611 6507 0.026009 6547 0.026956 6587 0.026417 6626 0.026525 6666 0.025897 6706 0.025979 6746 0.026097 6786 0.028003 6826 0.028137 6866 0.028258 6905 0.02894 6945 0.03089