# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) stratigraphy (lake level cm) 50 6.286453067 100 9.527534521 150 11.19341466 200 11.2291312 250 12.80303929 300 13.94197154 350 16.49132472 400 16.74893144 450 19.66563269 500 25.69252021 550 28.11925739 600 27.63164089 650 24.89455895 700 28.28192862 750 46.03816888 800 56.15782139 850 59.24273259 900 49.43724253 950 51.19859078 1000 66.75374503 1050 78.25064732 1100 86.13914779 1150 96.01591021 1200 107.9837891 1250 120.3986078 1300 117.5579815 1350 116.3561825 1400 117.7305347 1450 117.89236 1500 106.209732 1550 94.7649976 1600 96.18320385 1650 107.0258717 1700 114.7358001 1750 109.5855761 1800 109.3685619 1850 115.7164028 1900 125.4689962 1950 135.5902533 2000 135.7263673 2050 137.5931653 2100 137.647193 2150 139.3698128 2200 137.1085982 2250 141.1268796 2300 149.5099065 2350 163.9812399 2400 172.1833099 2450 176.2586552 2500 176.0203084 2550 181.4479072 2600 178.7826807 2650 180.5962659 2700 176.7638653 2750 192.0862756 2800 208.6390362 2850 207.0136364 2900 196.4955342 2950 173.9493 3000 169.3323291 3050 157.8863543 3100 159.2592671 3150 170.8305143 3200 186.9623216 3250 184.8389229 3300 161.87125 3350 138.894218 3400 129.8656781 3450 145.3808154 3500 153.9730046 3550 162.5308491 3600 164.0627205 3650 179.2000881 3700 197.3515281 3750 214.5178853 3800 225.9810016 3850 232.1146577 3900 226.8548021 3950 231.5285175 4000 235.6407553 4050 256.2924581 4100 260.5815651 4150 251.2032926 4200 230.8578481 4250 219.4511242 4300 214.7190731 4350 207.4935909 4400 199.2861551 4450 198.4611911 4500 202.6651399 4550 220.156259 4600 243.81295 4650 251.2432879 4700 248.7666897 4750 263.9147689 4800 291.3895783 4850 317.016038 4900 329.617998 4950 343.8737999 5000 345.9410523 5050 338.1927142 5100 338.9616828 5150 345.3318615 5200 353.4413958 5250 350.3682459 5300 349.9785739 5350 344.633741 5400 342.7849679 5450 345.4154165 5500 324.842586 5550 298.5086959 5600 266.8180218 5650 283.7790843 5700 304.1736972 5750 288.513126 5800 252.0621793 5850 222.6183835 5900 235.5914493 5950 264.1744585 6000 272.6522323 6050 273.903089 6100 253.5814245 6150 253.4832947 6200 260.8757726 6250 267.961865 6300 274.6652994 6350 263.1155447 6400 264.2896973 6450 275.4648391 6500 316.2128345 6550 350.5777577 6600 369.403955 6650 370.9704675 6700 372.53698 6750 365.0118806 6800 348.2412498 6850 312.8256213 6900 295.5162537 6950 306.0204548 7000 344.5691129 7050 374.1031173 7100 385.0690892 7150 386.6356017 7200 388.2021188 7250 389.7686313 7300 391.3351438 7350 392.9016563 7400 394.4681733 7450 396.0346858 7500 397.6011983 7550 399.1677109 7600 400.7342261 7650 402.3007386 7700 403.8583993 7750 405.1947678 7800 406.3098448 7850 416.232164 7900 426.134568 7950 436.0170582 8000 427.90001 8050 419.8028756 8100 420.6457675 8150 421.5484024 8200 431.3313216 8250 432.1742132 8300 441.9173017 8350 442.7601922 8400 434.8024594 8450 426.8646398 8500 418.9467376 8550 419.8493717 8600 420.7520087 8650 421.6546407 8700 422.5572773 8750 423.4599141 8800 424.3625509 8850 435.2091455 8900 444.7132573 8950 454.1974583 9000 462.5223738 9050 482.4049232 9100 515.0662328 9150 518.3159247 9200 501.9530514 9250 473.2145722 9300 492.2555437 9350 515.3936691 9400 563.7035191 9450 560.8345976 9500 618.6291501 9550 623.7892879 9600 641.1590469 9650 604.0225088 9700 586.8621269 9750 575.8837626 9800 571.5549872 9850 578.0495204 9900 603.7100009 9950 635.718896 10000 691.6922782 10050 720.9688439 10100 736.7309736 10150 725.1490865 10200 727.0731799 10250 728.9972732 10300 730.9213665 10350 739.5139589 10400 768.2999474 10450 797.1255449 10500 826.0684612 10550 834.833631 10600 843.1773934 10650 845.501304 10700 848.5755316 10750 852.7975237 10800 854.641606 10850 853.2496127 10900 865.3693806 10950 878.6140469 11000 893.8029012 11050 894.166528 11100 894.4696999 11150 894.7512928 11200 895.0328862 11250 895.3144798 11300 895.596073 11350 895.8776657 11400 896.1592582 11450 896.4408506 11500 896.7224431 11550 897.004036 11600 897.2856295 11650 897.5672231 11700 897.8488162 11750 898.1304088 11800 898.4120013 11850 898.6935937 11900 898.9751861