# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) stratigraphy (lake level cm) 50 108.1780885 100 103.663271 150 111.955547 200 111.3431583 250 115.3265244 300 126.5266805 350 148.0176723 400 137.0336594 450 101.4644038 500 93.54209693 550 118.9821171 600 155.4297842 650 160.1250023 700 164.0408564 750 167.1013745 800 170.0305056 850 172.9208999 900 175.816698 950 178.6592402 1000 148.9812235 1050 151.6641101 1100 178.2349407 1150 236.9267651 1200 262.8598232 1250 264.5293238 1300 221.4164584 1350 170.1837894 1400 137.2385672 1450 135.7577296 1500 127.9044341 1550 145.4920857 1600 127.1260162 1650 166.398953 1700 163.1013824 1750 207.8233089 1800 209.361307 1850 209.7046893 1900 211.2649516 1950 242.2616087 2000 275.5321774 2050 277.1381941 2100 260.4009551 2150 230.438388 2200 232.8686658 2250 228.0087924 2300 231.1651512 2350 265.7907573 2400 264.4167077 2450 265.9781901 2500 235.3307813 2550 236.8768005 2600 238.423793 2650 239.9781113 2700 225.0979532 2750 226.6319355 2800 228.1572454 2850 246.1093543 2900 197.2662678 2950 148.1511494 3000 98.76898169 3050 99.49230059 3100 100.2096936 3150 100.9277621 3200 153.6602787 3250 213.2759315 3300 301.6264917 3350 335.739861 3400 396.2758751 3450 394.2246942 3500 361.6819203 3550 314.1493735 3600 285.5242069 3650 286.2244774 3700 268.5799476 3750 265.8399983 3800 304.4613385 3850 343.4076307 3900 382.6788709 3950 384.2588521 4000 385.8388335 4050 387.418817 4100 388.9987543 4150 390.5786874 4200 392.1586186 4250 375.0957551 4300 335.4100618 4350 302.8081349 4400 323.040066 4450 337.7362102 4500 367.1639845 4550 378.9052739 4600 413.5817515 4650 426.632883 4700 423.3696029 4750 439.5046765 4800 441.6548788 4850 443.8050112 4900 436.7707362 4950 443.6903767 5000 445.572049 5050 425.2043889 5100 396.5286063 5150 382.5673521 5200 380.5481736 5250 414.8248248 5300 410.9795267 5350 475.1743652 5400 511.552559 5450 539.3300974 5500 509.6926559 5550 464.2375043 5600 482.9283193 5650 518.9236707 5700 563.6735364 5750 589.6686568 5800 543.3152456 5850 503.9889351 5900 464.7962194 5950 487.7640548 6000 518.6582535 6050 557.4243237 6100 575.9460373 6150 603.8389581 6200 618.0698559 6250 643.0258117 6300 654.4938444 6350 615.0947738 6400 584.6252155 6450 550.3721592 6500 564.427759 6550 566.9683885 6600 569.5090305 6650 572.0235709 6700 574.423893 6750 576.6279404 6800 578.6723435 6850 580.6383018 6900 582.6055221 6950 584.5634759 7000 586.5190858 7050 588.4746902 7100 590.4302876 7150 592.3858852 7200 594.341486 7250 596.2970936 7300 598.2527016 7350 600.2083076 7400 602.1639043 7450 604.1195 7500 606.0750988 7550 608.030702 7600 609.9863063 7650 611.9419083 7700 613.8975088 7750 615.8609998 7800 617.8943367 7850 619.9522642 7900 621.9355374 7950 669.9001825 8000 717.7489248 8050 750.1856708 8100 736.4422453 8150 768.738113 8200 816.298678 8250 863.7516354 8300 864.9860158 8350 866.1622761 8400 851.9265079 8450 822.3127462 8500 777.3225768 8550 763.0830378 8600 779.5941303 8650 826.8558578 8700 858.7422722 8750 890.6286897 8800 907.1397864 8850 923.650879 8900 924.7866543 8950 925.9224329 9000 927.0582157 9050 928.1939964 9100 929.3297728 9150 930.465548 9200 931.6013255 9250 932.7371072 9300 933.8728891 9350 935.0086667 9400 936.1444439 9450 937.2802214 9500 938.415999 9550 939.5517795 9600 940.6875571 9650 941.8233361 9700 942.9591141 9750 944.0948916 9800 945.2306722 9850 946.3664498 9900 947.3497505 9950 948.1367635 10000 948.6747202 10050 949.1132294 10100 949.4960974 10150 949.8760944 10200 950.2560913 10250 950.6360883 10300 951.0160853 10350 951.3960822 10400 951.7760792 10450 952.1560761 10500 952.5360731 10550 952.9160701 10600 953.296067 10650 953.676064 10700 954.0560609 10750 954.4360579 10800 954.8160549 10850 955.1960518 10900 955.5760488 10950 955.9560457 11000 956.3360427 11050 956.7160397 11100 957.0960366 11150 957.4760361 11200 957.8560453 11250 958.236064 11300 958.6160838 11350 958.9960939 11400 959.3760262 11450 959.6878073 11500 959.9314405 11550 960.1069941 11600 960.2825476 11650 960.4581012 11700 960.6336548 11750 960.8092084 11800 960.9847619 11850 961.1603155 11900 961.3358691