# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (mm) -5 321.8 25.8 311.6 56.6 310.8 87.4 314.4 118.2 306.3 148.9 310.8 179.7 289.7 210.5 296.5 241.3 291.5 272.1 292.3 302.9 287.2 333.7 277.1 364.5 317.2 395.3 282.5 426.1 272 456.8 266.7 487.6 273.7 518.4 261.5 549.2 270 580 268.4 598 261.1 616 264.3 634 272.8 652 270.8 670 267.2 688 258.3 706 270.1 724 273.2 742 274.1 760 265.1 778 271.3 796 271.5 814 264.6 832 280.2 850 269.4 912.7 269.4 975.3 280.2 1038 295.4 1100.7 303.4 1163.3 313 1226 272.1 1288.7 319.7 1351.3 312.2 1414 312.9 1476.7 314.1 1539.3 312.7 1602 313.7 1664.7 327.3 1727.3 327.2 1790 335.8 1867.5 306.9 1945 318.7 2022.5 323.7 2100 309.9 2177.5 307.7 2255 318.6 2332.5 307.6 2410 310.5 2487.5 317.7 2565 322.4 2618 316.3 2671 310.9 2724 315.9 2777 304.7 2830 316.5 2883 307.8 2936 311.4 2989 317 3042 334.6 3095 320.4 3143.5 312.8 3192 325.7 3240.5 311.3 3289 298.7 3337.5 297.1 3386 299.7 3434.5 299.8 3483 296.2 3531.5 291 3580 297.8 3655 287 3730 279.6 3805 269.4 3880 270.7 3955 274.3 4030 281.1 4105 264 4180 274.6 4255 277.9 4330 278.7 4417.5 292.8 4505 288.5 4592.5 299.2 4680 316.7 4767.5 331.2 4855 330.1 4942.5 321.1 5030 339 5117.5 334.1 5205 329.6 5292.5 333.5 5380 340.3 5508.8 326.8 5637.5 317.7 5766.3 322.6 5895 337.7 6023.8 311.9 6152.5 330.6 6281.3 329.3 6410 320.1 6519 321.2 6628 327.5 6737 336.6 6846 337.8 6955 334.6 7064 339.4 7173 333.8 7282 338.1 7391 340.1 7500 338.8 7560.5 338.3 7621 330.7 7681.5 325.4 7742 327.4 7802.5 320.9 7863 316.3 7923.5 317.6 7984 302.8 8044.5 309.4 8105 314.6 8178.3 316.9 8251.5 310.8 8324.8 308.3 8398 305.6 8471.3 311.7 8544.5 304.5 8617.8 289.3 8691 302 8764.3 299.2 8837.5 305.7 8910.8 299.4 8984 304.6 9057.3 301.2 9130.5 298.7 9203.8 319.9 9277 316.4 9350.3 313.4 9423.5 301.9 9496.8 296.8 9570 301.6 9643.3 310.3 9716.5 315.7 9789.8 314.4 9863 304.3 9936.3 312.4 10009.5 313.3 10082.8 325.4 10156 319.7 10229.3 323.2 10302.5 299.4 10375.8 312.1 10449 311.8 10522.3 312.3 10595.5 306.1 10668.8 302.9 10742 316.9 10815.3 310.6 10888.5 307 10961.8 306.5 11035 306.2