# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) amoeba (water table cm) -40.6 36.0324 -11.8 36.5104 17.1 42.8875 53.9 36.1424 90.7 36.5231 126.5 29.4272 161.4 39.1537 196.3 26.1122 276.8 32.0165 357.3 23.0443 419.5 20.3132 463.6 18.1705 507.7 14.7179 552 10.767 596.4 10.6842 634.4 6.1933 650.3 10.4826 666.3 5.8143 682.2 10.6515 698.1 9.4155 703.5 6.9329 708.9 6.6904 714.3 11.1597 719.8 18.428 725.2 43.0326 736.9 12.1202 748.5 12.7661 760.2 18.5807 771.9 26.2204 783.6 31.3199 799.2 40.1128 814.8 34.5804 830.4 45.2826 846 41.1756 861.6 37.1296 880.4 39.3494 899.1 38.4765 917.9 38.2866 936.6 46.6229 955.4 42.6379 1690.2 40.6085 1752.6 44.6293 1815.1 44.729 1877.6 39.7671 1940.1 14.5108 2002.5 5.5938 2065 36.381 2127.5 42.4515 2189.9 27.7957 2252.4 41.2774 2314.9 33.4029 2351.5 32.1793 2388.2 32.7693 2424.8 36.8527 2461.4 39.0691 2498.1 20.1533 2529.45 34.5136 2592 35.5405 2654.6 35.8966 2717.15 34.2556 2783.9 31.9106 2854.9 35.1325 2925.9 25.122 2996.9 32.1158 3067.9 40.9084 3136.05 40.4947 3201.3 42.9606 3266.55 46.1864 3331.85 39.5155 3397.1 43.585 3476.4 40.2072 3569.75 41.2595 3663.1 40.8713 3756.45 39.6159 4450 28.8245 4551.1 37.7315 4630.25 35.7269 4709.35 44.2852 4788.5 46.1914 4867.65 37.7897 4918.6 24.9367 4941.4 17.5583 4964.2 18.4349 4987 17.3097 5009.8 13.626 5025.45 14.66 5033.95 18.8772 5042.45 11.8462 5050.9 16.9279 5059.35 17.4236 5084.95 14.978 5127.7 14.4197 5170.45 15.4143 5213.15 19.5891 5255.85 20.9021 5290.8 19.3878 5317.95 21.2395 5345.1 27.8584 5372.25 21.4433 5399.4 17.4204 5423.4 25.6877 5444.2 30.1134 5464.95 25.2013 5485.7 26.6551 5506.5 21.3862 5532.3 24.0706 5563.05 23.92 5593.8 34.9536 5624.6 38.3548 5655.35 36.5373 5682.8 22.4835 5707 27.5361 5731.2 41.7217 5755.4 32.792 5779.55 30.2999 5808.7 21.7051 5842.9 12.2839 5877.05 14.4445 5911.2 26.6891 5945.35 26.8743 5969.45 16.0018 5983.5 18.5205 5997.5 26.1052 6011.5 25.8335 6025.5 27.3976 6042.4 25.4843 6062.25 24.0496 6082.1 33.0028 6101.95 28.7683 6121.8 32.0952 6145.9 17.5788 6174.35 12.2455 6202.8 11.7123 6231.25 13.5829 6259.7 15.1406 6281.45 15.1815 6296.55 14.5376 6311.7 13.9802 6326.85 13.67 6341.95 9.1556 6357.5 7.8295 6373.5 7.5459 6389.45 10.8267 6405.4 17.285 6421.4 21.3412 6443.4 14.8445 6471.45 16.2576 6499.55 17.8874 6527.6 17.7494 6555.65 16.236 6574.75 18.9098 6584.85 12.9405 6595 18.3118 6605.15 29.5142 6615.25 27.4803 6621.65 20.3792 6624.4 21.4262 6627.2 12.8421 6629.95 16.9987 6632.7 16.6469 6642.8 15.605 6660.15 13.7957 6677.45 15.4472 6694.8 11.0996 6712.15 15.0752 6724.05 7.2761 6730.55 10.729 6737 11.1787 6743.45 17.6453 6749.95 16.4805 6756.65 12.0978 6763.55 13.919 6770.45 11.0823 6777.35 11.9703 6784.25 24.0624 6789.75 16.5408 6793.85 25.3053 6797.95 20.9851 6806.05 28.488 6824.45 17.6973 6846.25 10.9265 6868.65 12.3735 6892.85 22.4728 6917.05 19.7566 6947.75 24.1304 6980.7 11.9827 7009.8 23.1291 7027.3 20.507 7044.9 11.8233 7059.85 4.0934