# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth (mm) age (BP) mineral (ratio) 0 -57 1.754 2 -49 1.628 4 -41 1.664 6 -33 1.741 8 -25 1.919 10 -16 1.785 12 -7 1.438 14 2 1.556 16 11 2.24 18 19 2.252 20 27 1.599 22 34 2.086 24 40 1.595 26 45 1.934 28 50 1.872 30 54 2.335 32 58 1.501 34 62 1.187 36 66 1.112 38 69 1.598 40 73 1.539 42 77 1.499 44 81 0.477 46 85 1.302 48 89 0.984 50 93 0.959 52 98 0.524 54 103 0.525 56 108 0.741 58 113 0.298 60 119 0.743 62 125 0.709 64 131 0.383 66 137 0.889 68 143 1.215 70 150 1.23 72 156 2.137 74 162 1.592 76 168 1.466 78 174 1.489 80 180 1.423 82 186 1.625 84 191 1.338 86 197 2.082 88 203 2.124 90 212 1.589 92 223 1.532 94 237 1.177 96 254 0.867 98 273 0.977 100 294 0.973 102 318 0.6 104 343 0.807 106 369 0.973 108 397 0.599 110 425 1.43 112 454 1.74 114 483 2.002 116 513 1.569 118 542 1.653 120 571 0.956 122 598 2.309 124 625 2.558 126 651 2.65 128 675 2.033 130 697 1.657 132 718 1.523 134 738 2.193 136 756 1.791 138 773 2.034 140 788 2.361 142 803 2.027 144 817 1.79 146 829 1.94 148 841 2.136 150 852 2.511 152 863 2.936 154 872 3.506 156 882 2.401 158 891 2.826 160 900 3.01 162 908 1.835 164 917 2.522 166 925 2.144 168 933 1.836 170 942 1.678 172 951 1.711 174 960 2.543 176 970 2.332 178 980 2.363 180 990 1.668 182 1001 2.453 184 1013 2.169 186 1024 2.892 188 1037 2.158 190 1050 2.369 192 1063 3.028 194 1077 1.62 196 1092 1.723 198 1107 1.471 200 1123 1.221 202 1139 1.883 204 1156 1.232 206 1174 1.31 208 1193 1.005 210 1213 NaN 212 1234 NaN 214 1256 NaN 216 1278 NaN 218 1302 NaN 220 1328 1.073 222 1354 1.134 224 1382 0.864 226 1411 0.802 228 1442 1.008 230 1474 0.717 232 1506 0.578 234 1540 0.625 236 1575 0.528 238 1610 0.541 240 1646 0.752 242 1682 1.123 244 1718 0.909 246 1754 0.589 248 1790 0.359 250 1826 0.51 252 1862 0.715 254 1897 0.717 256 1931 0.563 258 1964 0.733 260 1997 1.146 262 2029 1.307 264 2061 1.497 266 2091 1.648 268 2121 1.831 270 2150 1.798 272 2178 2.26 274 2206 2.805 276 2233 2.004 278 2259 1.856 280 2284 1.971 282 2309 2.257 284 2333 2.291 286 2356 2.164 288 2378 1.684 290 2400 2.144 292 2421 1.686 294 2442 2.442 296 2461 2.037 298 2480 3.08 300 2498 2.568 302 2516 1.496 304 2533 2.011 306 2549 2.304 308 2564 2.398 310 2579 1.898 312 2593 1.694 314 2606 1.999 316 2619 1.214 318 2632 1.287 320 2643 1.012 322 2655 1.158 324 2666 0.835 326 2678 1.295 328 2689 0.911 330 2700 0.869 332 2711 0.712 334 2723 0.602 336 2735 0.841 338 2747 0.724 340 2759 0.772 342 2773 0.88 344 2786 1.036 346 2801 0.902 348 2816 1.013 350 2832 0.911 352 2849 1.038 354 2867 1.079 356 2886 1.154 358 2906 1.054 360 2927 0.895 362 2949 1.329 364 2972 1.462 366 2995 1.65 368 3019 1.328 370 3044 1.351 372 3069 1.525 374 3094 0.814 376 3119 1.064 378 3145 0.864 380 3170 1.155 382 3195 0.405 384 3221 0.523 386 3246 0.412 388 3270 0.699 390 3295 0.482 392 3318 0.685 394 3341 0.721 396 3364 0.996 398 3386 0.833 400 3406 0.66 402 3426 0.6 404 3445 0.622 406 3464 0.591 408 3481 0.643 410 3499 1.096 412 3515 0.559 414 3531 1.496 416 3546 0.798 418 3561 0.669 420 3575 0.496 422 3589 0.401 424 3603 0.482 426 3616 0.49 428 3629 0.482 430 3642 0.536 432 3655 0.515 434 3667 0.691 436 3680 0.857 438 3692 0.773 440 3705 0.804 442 3717 0.723 444 3730 0.844 446 3742 0.895 448 3755 0.901 450 3768 0.76 452 3781 1.096 454 3795 0.916 456 3809 0.953 458 3823 0.648 460 3837 1.047 462 3852 1.318 464 3867 1.087 466 3882 1.09 468 3898 1.33 470 3913 1.19 472 3929 1.073 474 3945 1.073 476 3962 0.919 478 3978 1.107 480 3995 0.716 482 4012 0.583 484 4029 0.396 486 4046 0.443 488 4064 0.505 490 4082 0.494 492 4100 0.628 494 4118 0.718 496 4136 0.456 498 4154 0.667 500 4173 0.777 502 4192 0.908 504 4211 0.835 506 4230 1.127 508 4249 0.894 510 4269 0.733 512 4288 0.643 514 4308 0.504 516 4328 0.315 518 4348 0.33 520 4369 0.244 522 4390 0.462 524 4411 0.532 526 4432 0.61 528 4453 0.853 530 4475 1.083 532 4497 0.905 534 4519 0.898 536 4542 0.862 538 4564 1.034 540 4587 1.585 542 4611 1.312 544 4634 1.558 546 4658 1.243 548 4682 1.291 550 4707 1.607 552 4732 1.324 554 4757 1.203 556 4782 1.201 558 4808 1.247 560 4834 1.24 562 4861 1.284 564 4887 1.119 566 4915 1.268 568 4942 1.26 570 4970 1.067 572 4998 0.846 574 5027 1.074 576 5055 1.212 578 5084 1.099 580 5113 1.151 582 5142 1.257 584 5171 1.151 586 5200 1.468 588 5229 1.069 590 5258 1.553 592 5287 1.335 594 5315 1.293 596 5343 1.13 598 5371 1.161 600 5399 1.062 602 5426 1.101 604 5453 1.026 606 5480 0.725 608 5506 0.601 610 5531 0.683 612 5556 0.735 614 5580 0.689 616 5603 0.619 618 5626 0.729 620 5649 0.607 622 5671 0.717 624 5692 0.758 626 5712 2.015 628 5732 0.772 630 5752 0.858 632 5771 0.615 634 5789 0.653 636 5807 0.835 638 5824 1.008 640 5840 1.26 642 5856 0.764 644 5871 1.173 646 5886 1.049 648 5900 0.924 650 5914 1.064 652 5926 1.164 654 5938 1.253 656 5950 0.883 658 5961 0.864 660 5971 1.052 662 5981 0.752 664 5991 0.857 666 6000 0.669 668 6010 0.634 670 6019 0.714 672 6029 0.784 674 6039 0.739 676 6050 0.642 678 6061 0.92 680 6073 0.808 682 6086 0.612 684 6100 0.519 686 6116 0.295 688 6133 0.352 690 6151 0.464 692 6171 0.478 694 6192 0.397 696 6216 0.287 698 6241 0.199 700 6269 0.253 702 6299 0.227 704 6331 0.203 706 6366 0.275 708 6404 0.26 710 6445 0.321 712 6488 0.284 714 6534 0.217 716 6583 0.273 718 6635 0.235 720 6688 0.231 722 6743 0.238 724 6800 0.236 726 6859 0.507 728 6919 0.619 730 6980 0.471 732 7041 0.637 734 7104 0.632 736 7167 0.477 738 7230 0.751 740 7293 0.637 742 7356 0.729 744 7419 0.416 746 7481 0.522 748 7542 0.448 750 7603 0.272 752 7664 0.245 754 7724 0.31 756 7785 0.338 758 7845 0.436