# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
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#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 3.0
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# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 
#       Description: NOAA Landing Page
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/
#       Description: NOAA location of the template
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# Original_Source_URL:  
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# Archive: Climate Reconstructions
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# Dataset DOI: 
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# Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2019-03-27
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# File_Last_Modified_Date
#	Date: 2019-03-27
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# Title
#	Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions
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# Investigators
#	Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T.
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# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#	Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. 
#	Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1.  Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2.
#	
#	TableS1.xlsx contains: 
#	1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). 
#	2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab
#	3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite
#	4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. 
#	    Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. 
#	
#	TableS2.xlsx contains: 
#	1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). 
#	2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab
#	3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study.  Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. 
#	    Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. 
#	    Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr.
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#	Proxy Abreviations: 
#	nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR)
#	glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT)
#	long chain diol index (LDI)
#	magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca)
#	tree-ring width (TRW)
#	carbon 13 isotopes (d13C)
#	oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) 
#	loss on ignition (LOI)
#	strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca)
#	deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD)
#	records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) 
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#-------------------- 
# Publication 
#	Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault 
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27      
#	Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene
#	Journal_Name: Nature
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#	DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3
#	Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3
#	Full_Citation: 
#	Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources.
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar 
#	Grant: BP 0544-13
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation 
#	Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund 
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program
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# Site_Information 
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#	Northernmost_Latitude: 
# 	Southernmost_Latitude: 
# 	Easternmost_Longitude: 
# 	Westernmost_Longitude: 
# 	Elevation:  
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# Data_Collection   
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#	Earliest_Year: 
#	Most_Recent_Year: 
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#	Notes: 
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# Chronology_Information
#	Chronology: 
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# Variables 
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# Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) 
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values:  
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depth (cm)	age (BP)	dD (permil)
0.015	-44.9	-161.03
0.025	-33.8	-170.11
0.035	-22.6	-170.99
0.045	-11.5	-175.04
0.055	-0.4	-193.76
0.065	52.6	-195.76
0.075	105.5	-184.11
0.085	158.3	-154
0.095	211.2	-203.66
0.105	264.1	-188.56
0.115	317	-179.99
0.125	370	-186.11
0.135	422.9	NaN
0.145	475.8	-196.11
0.155	528.7	-184.68
0.165	581.6	-187.88
0.175	634.5	-168.13
0.185	687.4	-190.92
0.195	740.3	-205.49
0.205	793.2	-200.24
0.215	846.1	-191.87
0.225	899.1	-159.43
0.235	951.9	-189.18
0.245	1004.9	-155.33
0.255	1057.7	-169.12
0.265	1110.7	-168.77
0.275	1163.5	-184.42
0.285	1216.5	-133.11
0.295	1269.4	-163.6
0.305	1322.3	-156.68
0.315	1375.2	-145.49
0.325	1428.1	-154.77
0.335	1474.6	-143.96
0.345	1514.5	-134.46
0.355	1554.5	-166.5
0.365	1594.5	-154.12
0.375	1634.5	-159.95
0.385	1674.5	-177.94
0.395	1726.5	-185.22
0.405	1790.7	-189.33
0.415	1854.8	-187.04
0.425	1897.3	-200.07
0.435	1939.8	-207.81
0.445	1982.3	-201.14
0.455	2024.7	-193.75
0.475	2109.7	-165.93
0.495	2194.6	-186.17
0.515	2271.1	-169.61
0.535	2349.5	-182.81
0.555	2427.8	-177.36
0.575	2506.1	-185.03
0.595	2584.5	-183.69
0.615	2662.8	-180.9
0.635	2741.1	-186.36
0.655	2792.4	-202.62
0.675	2854.5	-183.74
0.695	2916.6	-194.43
0.715	2980.4	-196.7
0.735	3049.4	-206.6
0.755	3118.4	-173.17
0.775	3187.4	-186.18
0.795	3256.4	-177.69
0.815	3325.3	-191.34
0.835	3394.5	-202.13
0.855	3464	-204
0.875	3533.5	-190.48
0.895	3603	-208.43
0.915	3672.5	-195.57
0.935	3742	-191.64
0.955	3811.5	-179.42
0.975	3881	-174.47
0.995	3956.8	-138.61
1.015	4038.8	-132.58
1.035	4120.7	-155.61
1.055	4202.6	-126.05
1.075	4284.7	-145.86
1.095	4366.6	-146.69
1.115	4448.6	-141.47
1.135	4530.6	-151.63
1.155	4612.5	-117.85
1.175	4694.5	-124.33
1.195	4776.4	-135.63
1.215	4851	-136.87
1.235	4920.6	-147.23
1.255	5007.2	-203.09
1.275	5093.8	-214.24
1.295	5166.8	-225.15
1.315	5239.9	-214.69
1.335	5315.7	-177.67
1.355	5399.7	-168.71
1.375	5483.7	-187.95
1.395	5555.1	-188.32
1.415	5637.1	-189.01
1.435	5695.7	-189.46
1.455	5754.3	-195.27
1.475	5813	-195.71
1.495	5871.6	-218.74
1.515	5930.2	-220.84
1.535	5988.8	-210.06