# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/hydroclimate/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: hydroclimate #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) stratigraphy (lake level cm) 50 35.20102282 100 43.16891349 150 70.97566673 200 77.23899695 250 75.22571979 300 46.2718319 350 35.88373202 400 33.72313186 450 24.95774632 500 16.11333796 550 7.189906769 600 7.843534657 650 12.82746544 700 13.48109332 750 14.13472121 800 10.45804621 850 15.57293076 900 25.21454885 950 25.86817674 1000 22.06054797 1050 27.77469924 1100 33.053276 1150 33.70690389 1200 31.15344242 1250 31.90528563 1300 42.0707188 1350 31.88292246 1400 27.81338615 1450 18.95520875 1500 19.60883664 1550 20.26246453 1600 30.82075901 1650 31.4743869 1700 42.16363515 1750 37.96314507 1800 38.61677296 1850 34.35080599 1900 35.10264921 1950 35.75627709 2000 31.29387947 2050 26.79874341 2100 27.4523713 2150 40.44885705 2200 53.52436563 2250 95.71415382 2300 139.7553007 2350 184.0662544 2400 210.2921782 2450 222.4675134 2500 266.8788991 2550 314.5801337 2600 361.9975282 2650 376.6898304 2700 376.922822 2750 377.1558136 2800 377.3888052 2850 377.6217968 2900 377.8547884 2950 378.08778 3000 378.3207716 3050 378.5537633 3100 378.7867549 3150 379.0197465 3200 379.2527381 3250 379.4857297 3300 379.7187213 3350 379.9517129 3400 380.1847045 3450 380.4176961 3500 366.2693722 3550 337.7475323 3600 309.2334918 3650 309.4781827 3700 324.1002893 3750 338.7184962 3800 353.3211041 3850 367.9198123 3900 382.5146207 3950 382.7476123 4000 382.9806039 4050 383.2135955 4100 383.4465871 4150 383.6795787 4200 383.9125703 4250 384.1455619 4300 384.3785536 4350 384.6115452 4400 384.8445368 4450 370.7703081 4500 356.6999792 4550 328.3341293 4600 314.2832991 4650 300.2990417 4700 300.7673262 4750 283.5300549 4800 284.2341093 4850 267.0931358 4900 257.1077223 4950 229.2753311 5000 219.2957672 5050 230.7185375 5100 231.4459903 5150 260.6786907 5200 261.3973691 5250 262.124822 5300 234.3470273 5350 267.0990114 5400 278.501308 5450 279.2287608 5500 237.2451394 5550 227.2977485 5600 228.0252013 5650 228.7526541 5700 240.1374019 5750 251.5192248 5800 262.8981229 5850 263.6168013 5900 282.0781391 5950 300.5346022 6000 318.9861906 6050 291.3253884 6100 263.6723857 6150 236.0271826 6200 236.7546354 6250 237.4820882 6300 238.2095411 6350 225.9700352 6400 226.3650197 6450 214.0648928 6500 216.4037498 6550 191.2872694 6600 178.8052793 6650 164.5906428 6700 149.8294143 6750 135.0246699 6800 139.3857444 6850 139.8007863 6900 140.2158281 6950 121.4215351 7000 115.2158228 7050 135.0896833 7100 135.5047252 7150 135.8009185 7200 116.8095663 7250 97.03451898 7300 93.08272023 7350 73.28360222 7400 64.62213195 7450 46.86640572 7500 38.15536143 7550 47.73197713 7600 57.33337984 7650 66.95956957 7700 67.41714229 7750 58.58216293 7800 59.03973565 7850 50.15518227 7900 50.53839395 7950 41.60426654 8000 41.98747822 8050 42.3706899 8100 42.75390157 8150 52.62796143 8200 62.5268083 8250 81.99086439 8300 82.44843711 8350 82.90600983 8400 83.43794359 8450 83.89551631 8500 84.35308902 8550 65.50673421 8600 56.25037563 8650 56.70794835 8700 57.09116003 8750 57.47437171 8800 48.11886508 8850 73.29453049 8900 73.67774217 8950 83.94839424 9000 79.36360699 9050 89.68383308 9100 80.17960437 9150 70.72494969 9200 71.18252241 9250 81.60189655 9300 82.05946927 9350 92.60277848 9400 103.1708747 9450 113.7637579 9500 146.9001331 9550 147.4320669 9600 180.6463767 9650 148.5738691 9700 181.8661136 9750 182.5149494 9800 215.8851286 9850 183.6567516 9900 151.3894072 9950 119.0830955 10000 109.2070616 10050 123.1492616 10100 150.5779899 10150 208.1154365 10200 241.9117476 10250 264.1341852 10300 266.7888557 10350 234.2851984 10400 199.9070174 10450 157.4606959 10500 150.1151445 10550 164.5530483 10600 157.1145456 10650 157.7051017 10700 136.4936124 10750 139.2539561 10800 123.1611401 10850 107.0239964 10900 107.5559302 10950 108.0135029 11000 119.3747835 11050 108.9782223 11100 134.6000955 11150 149.3811788 11200 175.1288881 11250 209.7435134 11300 264.1512023 11350 341.42813 11400 407.6059981 11450 453.804549 11500 476.9476072 11550 477.0351729 11600 477.1227386 11650 477.2103042 11700 477.2978699 11750 477.3854356 11800 477.4730013 11850 477.5605669 11900 477.6481326 11950 477.7356983 12000 477.823264 12050 477.9108296 12100 477.9983953 12150 478.085961 12200 478.1735267 12250 478.2610923 12300 478.348658 12350 478.4362237 12400 455.4682968 12450 389.75355 12500 309.7674115 12550 287.31745 12600 273.5078039 12650 217.3232013