# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) Mg/Ca (°C) 1084 26.62 1160 26.83 1236 26.45 1312 26.22 1388 27.9 1464 26.64 1540 26.5 1616 26.89 1692 26.89 1768 26.75 1844 25.66 1920 25.17 1996 26.78 2072 26.25 2148 26.05 2224 27 2300 26.42 2450 27.08 2600 27.42 2750 26.59 2900 26.5 3050 25.96 3200 27.21 3350 25.96 3500 25.48 3650 26.39 3800 25.66 3950 26.53 4100 26.22 4250 25.51 4400 26.02 4550 26.45 4700 26.39 4850 26.34 5000 26.7 5150 26.25 5300 27 5450 25.72 5600 26.75 5750 26.08 5900 26.45 6050 26.34 6200 25.26 6350 25.3 6500 25.57 6650 26.05 6800 26.94 6950 26.89 7100 25.01 7223 25.3 7347 25.51 7470 25.39 7593 25.93 7717 27.08 7840 27.44 7963 25.84 8087 25.69 8210 26.16 8333 25.51 8457 26.56 8580 26.59 8656 25.81 8733 27.1 8809 26.48 8885 26.53 8962 26.28 9038 26.83 9115 27.65 9191 27.18 9267 26.62 9344 26.83 9420 25.42 9531 26.16 9641 26.75 9752 25.33 9863 25.45 9973 26.19 10084 26.64 10194 26.67 10305 27.36 10416 27.6 10526 25.57 10637 25.57 10748 24.88 10858 26.31 10969 25.75 11079 27.29 11190 27.16 11224 26.92 11258 26.36 11292 27.02 11326 26.78 11360 25.57 11394 25.14 11428 24.79 11462 25.96 11496 26.73 11530 25.04 11564 25.66 11598 26.16 11632 25.81 11666 25.81 11700 25.72 11722 26.02 11744 24.92 11767 25.14 11789 25.78 11811 24.32 11833 24.59 11856 25.2 11878 24.15 11900 23.4 11953 23.55 12006 24.32 12059 24.56 12112 25.39 12165 25.23 12218 24.18 12271 25.63 12324 25.54 12376 25.2 12429 24.32 12482 23.73 12535 24.56 12588 25.08 12641 25.75 12694 24.88 12747 24.29 12800 24.72 12835 24.35 12869 23.8 12904 25.26 12939 24.69 12973 24.59 13008 25.39 13043 24.88 13077 25.93 13112 24.52 13147 23.94 13181 25.78 13216 26.45 13251 25.6 13285 25.42 13320 25.57 13360 25.14 13400 25.45 13440 25.04 13480 26.11 13520 26.67 13560 25.48 13600 24.62 13640 24.32 13680 25.23 13720 24.95 13760 24.85 13800 25.17 13840 24.88 13880 25.42 13920 24.95 13960 24.75 14000 25.48 14068 25.39 14135 25.08 14203 24.22 14271 23.58 14338 24.05 14406 24.59 14474 25.08 14542 24.56 14609 24.79 14677 24.69 14745 24.29 14812 23.8 14880 23.55 14912 24.05 14943 23.66 14975 23.73