# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) 520 14.55 590 14.49 670 14.43 740 14.43 820 14.43 890 14.915 960 14.84 1040 14.94 1110 14.62 1180 14.53 1260 15.41 1330 15.21 1400 15.09 1480 15.34 1550 15.15 1620 15.23 1700 14.91 1770 14.72 1840 14.86 1920 14.97 1990 15.42 2070 15.8 2140 15.44 2210 15.96 2290 16.11 2360 15.98 2430 16.2 2510 16.04 2580 16.04 2650 15.96 2730 16.1 2800 16.15 2870 15.97 2950 16.7 3020 16.51 3100 16 3170 16.07 3240 16.02 3320 16.04 3390 16.35 3460 16.46 3540 16.27 3610 16.41 3680 16.41 3760 16.42 3830 16.48 3900 16.54 3980 16.53 4050 16.62 4120 17.36 4200 16.9 4270 17.4 4350 16.99 4420 17.14 4490 16.87 4570 16.72 4640 16.67 4710 17.01 4790 17.02 4860 17.13 4930 16.89 5010 17.37 5080 17.51 5150 17.01 5230 18.07 5300 17.305 5380 17.605 5450 17.03 5520 18.17 5600 17.47 5670 18.145 5740 17.6 5820 18.175 5890 17.77 5960 18.265 6040 17.975 6110 18.255 6180 18.005 6260 17.89 6330 17.975 6400 18.10333333 6480 18.125 6550 17.965 6630 18.145 6700 18.26 6770 18.14 6850 17.95 6920 17.86 6990 17.8 7070 17.89 7140 18.03 7210 18.03 7290 17.88 7360 17.86 7430 17.88 7510 17.56 7580 17.57 7660 17.82 7740 17.99 7830 17.72 7910 17.77 7990 18 8070 17.87 8160 17.86 8240 18.14 8320 17.06 8400 18.41 8480 18.33 8570 18.4 8620 18.52 8680 18.08 8730 18.28 8780 18.42 8830 18.13 8880 18.12 8930 18.095 8980 18.15 9030 18.22 9080 18.02 9130 18.17 9180 17.66 9230 17.67 9280 17.55 9330 17.58 9380 17.96 9410 18 9460 17.75 9510 17.99 9560 17.95 9610 17.87 9640 17.92 9690 18.17 9740 18.05 9790 18.08 9840 18.14 9890 18.42 9940 18.32 9990 18.18 10040 18 10090 17.8 10140 18.16 10190 17.83 10250 17.99 10300 18.39 10350 18.04 10400 17.58 10450 18.22 10500 18.56 10550 18.32 10600 18.38 10650 18.51 10700 18.48 10750 17.99 10800 17.65 10830 17.8 10840 17.42 10860 17.39 10880 17.52 10900 17.5 10910 17.52 10930 17.69 10950 17.38 10960 18.53 10980 19.35 11000 18.85 11010 18.24 11030 18.04 11050 18.29 11070 18.2 11080 16.94 11100 17.38 11120 17.99 11130 18.43 11150 17.86 11170 19.84 11180 20.35 11200 19.44 11220 19.08 11230 18.57 11250 18.46 11270 18.78 11290 19.09 11300 19.15 11320 19.28 11340 20.03 11350 19.63 11400 19.63 11470 20.35 11590 20.23 11650 19.73 11710 20.34 11840 18.66 11870 19.5 11900 18.16