# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) d18O (°C) 698 4.935 736 3.225 775 3.815 814 4.205 852 4.37 890 3.705 929 3.32 968 4.625 1006 4.445 1044 3.99 1083 3.91 1122 4.22 1160 3.73 1237 3.665 1315 3.6 1392 4.625 1470 5.04 1547 4.61 1625 4.715 1702 4.73 1779 3.515 1857 3.81 1934 4.11 2012 4.81 2089 5.145 2167 5.395 2244 4.705 2315 3 2386 2.745 2456 2.1 2527 2.38 2598 2.005 2668 2.365 2739 2.75 2810 2.61 2881 2.775 2952 2.39 3022 2.62 3093 1.535 3164 1.255 3234 1.875 3305 1.94 3376 2.18 3443 1.58 3509 1.465 3576 1.49 3643 1.615 3709 1.86 3776 2.04 3843 2.175 3910 1.535 3976 2.695 4110 1.625 4176 2.44 4243 1.89 4310 1.585 4376 1.87 4443 1.855 4510 1.985 4576 1.985 4643 1.66 4710 2.41 4777 1.71 4843 1.47 4910 2.825 4977 1.915 5043 1.335 5110 1.995 5168 2.34 5227 2.53 5285 1.92 5343 3.08 5401 2.65 5460 3.06 5518 3.37 5576 4.185 5635 3.87 5693 3.3 5751 2.6 5809 3.2 5868 4.315 5926 3.445 5984 3.41 6042 2.945 6101 2.67 6159 2.13 6217 1.68 6276 3.02 6334 2.255 6392 2.795 6450 1.59 6509 1.72 6567 2.24 6610 1.475 6652 1.58 6695 1.475 6738 1.5 6781 1.59 6824 1.56 6866 2.17 6909 3.29 6952 1.9 6994 2.205 7037 2.73 7080 2.29 7123 3.8 7166 3.89 7208 3.82 7251 1.915 7294 2 7336 2.185 7379 2.765 7422 2.43 7465 2.225 7508 1.485 7550 1.505 7593 2.345 7636 3.87 7678 3.24 7721 4.575 7764 3.22 7807 3.595 7850 4.64 7892 4.75 7935 3.08 7978 4.4 8020 5.125 8063 4.33 8106 4.375 8140 4.295 8174 3.725 8209 2.81 8243 2.735 8277 2.715 8311 3.595 8345 4.24 8379 2.7 8414 2.67 8448 2.355 8482 2.11 8516 2.56 8550 2.91 8584 4.86 8619 5.015 8653 3.54 8687 3.095 8721 2.935 8755 4.035 8789 3.65 8824 3.84 8858 5.285 8892 5.125 8917 4.84 8943 4.125 8968 5 8993 5.215 9018 5.025 9044 4.955 9069 5.04 9094 5.27 9119 5.66 9145 5.505 9170 5.755 9195 5.345 9220 5.445 9246 5.61 9271 5.725 9291 5.3 9311 5.26 9331 5.46 9351 5.425 9371 5.255 9391 5.525 9411 5.065 9430 5.685 9450 5.335 9470 5.93 9490 5.99 9510 5.89 9530 5.8 9550 5.475 9570 6.225 9582 5.83 9593 5.7 9605 5.485 9616 5.39 9628 5.775 9640 5.49 9651 5.23 9663 5.99 9675 5.905 9686 6.135 9698 6.07 9709 5.575 9721 5.65 9733 5.595 9744 5.7 9756 6.215 9768 5.74 9779 5.705 9791 5.605 9802 5.54 9814 4.645 9826 4.815 9837 4.925 9849 5.045 9860 4.985 9872 5.15 9884 5.27 9895 5.105 9907 5.2 9919 4.685 9930 5.185 9942 4.59 9953 4.835 9965 4.655 9975 4.73 9984 4.675 9994 5.41 10003 5.105 10013 5.27 10022 4.925 10032 5.15 10041 5.525 10057 5.1 10079 4.99 10101 4.77 10123 5.365 10145 5.01 10167 5.095 10189 5.275 10211 4.28 10233 5.255 10255 5.235 10278 4.555 10300 4.185 10322 4.575 10344 4.57 10366 4.025 10388 4.615 10410 5.52 10432 5.315 10454 4.9 10476 5.82 10498 5.265 10520 3.66 10542 5.14 10564 5.295 10586 5.385 10608 5.19 10630 5.61 10652 4.85 10674 3.395 10696 4.32 10718 5.57 10740 4.975 10762 3.295 10784 3.13 10807 3.035 10829 4.555 10851 3.75 10873 3.73 10895 4.355 10917 4.7 10939 3.4 10961 2.305 10983 2.33 11005 2.025 11027 2.55 11049 2.915 11071 3.025 11093 1.17 11159 1.12 11270 1.815 11380 1.605 11490 1.415 11600 0.67 11876 0.99 12151 1.885 12427 1.2 12979 1.21 13530 1.235 13725 1.245 13911 1.16