# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) Mg/Ca (°C) 350 NaN 490 27.68 600 28.35 750 27.78 930 27.34 1080 28.04 1230 28.15 1400 27.55 1550 28.01 1710 27.93 1860 27.31 2020 27.53 2180 26.93 2330 28.19 2510 28.61 2670 27.3 2840 27.97 3010 28.14 3180 27.54 3350 27.01 3520 29.01 3680 27.99 3850 27.31 4000 27.12 4150 27.46 4310 27.77 4420 27.48 4550 28.43 4670 28.07 4770 27.63 4850 27.53 4960 27.83 5060 28.42 5160 27.87 5270 28 5360 27.73 5470 27.39 5570 28.54 5670 27.8 5780 27.34 5890 28 5990 28.61 6110 28.26 6220 26.89 6320 27.16 6430 27.07 6530 27.58 6630 27.14 6730 27.42 6850 27.44 6960 27.71 7060 27.13 7170 27.56 7270 28.29 7380 27.18 7490 27.2 7590 27.62 7700 27.89 7790 28.47 7880 27.24 7970 28.08 8110 27.82 8220 26.98 8350 27.84 8490 27.29 8630 27.75 8780 27.69 8930 28.19 9080 27.11 9250 27.74 9400 27.62 9570 27.88 9730 27.66 9880 27.52 10050 27.75 10210 28.27 10360 28.21 10520 27.74 10670 27.41 10820 28.36 10980 28.2 11120 28.12 11280 28.18 11410 27.41 11550 28.18 11700 28.04 11880 27.73 12030 27.51 12190 28.38 12350 27.51 12510 27.87 12690 27.54 12870 27.53 13040 27.67 13230 27.28 13410 28.6 13600 27.19 13780 27.27 13960 27.46 14160 27.44 14350 27.6 14540 27.25 14730 26.11 14910 27.92 15100 27.59 15290 27.08 15490 27.6 15690 26.74 15880 26.86 16060 26.9 16240 27.33 16400 27.51 16590 26.55 16760 26.1 16920 27.22 17110 26.5 17390 26.6 17620 26.28 17900 27.06 18250 27.19 18560 26.3 18890 26.55 19210 26.44 19490 26.34 19810 25.68 20130 25.51 20430 26.23 20750 26.01 21060 25.04 21390 27.13 21710 26.12 22040 26.84 22370 25.8 22680 26.66 22970 26.15 23290 25.98 23520 26.43 23770 26.71 24080 25.94 24360 26.48 24610 25.46 24980 26.04 25330 26.6 25670 25.96 26050 26.26 26390 26.54 26760 26.5 27150 25.89 27510 25.88 27880 26.11 28250 NaN 28580 26.82 28930 26.75 29240 25.89 29530 25.85 29850 26.48 30220 26.4 30530 26 30890 26.46 31300 26.43 31650 26.05 32080 26.77 32480 25.57 32870 26.77 33290 25.34