# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (°C) 0 18.58571429 50 18.63197242 100 18.70203748 150 18.91019909 200 19.04127155 250 18.98730367 300 19.05237103 350 19.26824231 400 19.34353885 450 19.32040978 500 19.32562238 550 19.34104175 600 19.34285714 650 19.34285714 700 19.33096487 750 19.21531954 800 19.14783625 850 19.22493313 900 19.30203002 950 19.28119853 1000 19.15013382 1050 19.09523936 1100 19.08752966 1150 19.11518589 1200 19.15373433 1250 19.17822681 1300 19.20361566 1350 19.26529317 1400 19.31745696 1450 19.33287635 1500 19.39452384 1550 19.54100792 1600 19.54107941 1650 19.39459532 1700 19.41743449 1750 19.53273651 1800 19.55388597 1850 19.34755622 1900 19.14122646 1950 19.21401623 2000 19.30504415 2050 19.36769077 2100 19.41017046 2150 19.45964515 2200 19.53116876 2250 19.57971694 2300 19.40487296 2350 19.34285714 2400 19.34285714 2450 19.34285714 2500 19.36941715 2550 19.52719873 2600 19.37216254 2650 19.54051314 2700 19.60536902 2750 19.41815025 2800 19.20182131 2850 19.3467216 2900 19.38313274 2950 19.18273678 3000 19.43891915 3050 19.61428571 3100 19.55148864 3150 19.39907076 3200 19.27622763 3250 19.38546103 3300 19.23165433 3350 19.30539575 3400 19.44357002 3450 19.4322786 3500 19.39114539 3550 19.26626317 3600 19.09506728 3650 18.98016542 3700 19.24843547 3750 18.87912125 3800 19.54437587 3850 19.43426216 3900 19.44812772 3950 19.28884424 4000 19.21405169 4050 19.41619931 4100 19.47588388 4150 19.40925378 4200 19.3013555 4250 19.62717958 4300 19.84285714 4350 19.59287679 4400 19.08253808 4450 19.01952695 4500 19.79712766 4550 19.45837973 4600 19.77361537 4650 19.60529052 4700 19.8206375 4750 19.53518998 4800 19.17175461 4850 18.95714286 4900 19.45650114 4950 19.07250267 5000 19.40782011 5050 18.81428571 5100 19.23837555 5150 18.87530243 5200 19.46932384 5250 19.69890626 5300 19.05308056 5350 19.20188594 5400 19.43446703 5450 19.67975255 5500 18.89925184 5550 19.18127505 5600 19.18467878 5650 19.34256371 5700 19.49146603 5750 19.27896818 5800 19.27391891 5850 19.24975676 5900 19.42408483 5950 19.57018959 6000 19.38793771 6050 19.49627454 6100 19.65858984 6150 19.40829882 6200 19.70748371 6250 19.407824 6300 19.61808586 6350 19.85530256 6400 19.65134622 6450 19.81655868 6500 19.61543847 6550 19.50593575 6600 19.727062 6650 19.75886191 6700 20.09194514 6750 20.00161712 6800 19.95405363 6850 20.24109815 6900 19.85662147 6950 19.78571429 7000 20.09225944 7050 20.17657657 7100 19.94293257 7150 19.98810183 7200 20.0856323 7250 19.89799366 7300 19.87408623 7350 19.81606314 7400 20.10641381 7450 20.09520948 7500 20.09352976 7550 20.14281853 7600 20.1831804 7650 20.06942427 7700 20.32226615 7750 20.35152346 7800 20.12358457 7850 19.93163121 7900 19.91219131 7950 20.02893735 8000 19.75702333 8050 19.5222827 8100 19.89090157 8150 20.04285714 8200 19.83212953 8250 19.88286964 8300 19.44092823 8350 19.57661769 8400 19.63611791 8450 19.7096703 8500 19.62176047 8550 19.40110329 8600 19.56466543 8650 19.63280437 8700 19.57764007 8750 19.51431697 8800 19.39168306 8850 19.15263777 8900 19.23622088 8950 19.35480573 9000 19.28125333 9050 18.63911884 9100 17.90694886 9150 18.56892044 9200 18.89204476 9250 18.9538618 9300 19.01567883 9350 19.10947914 9400 19.26843714 9450 19.42739514 9500 19.56645371 9550 19.51346768 9600 19.46048165 9650 19.40749562 9700 19.33934615 9750 19.26869815 9800 19.19805015 9850 19.0118327 9900 18.75573354 9950 18.49963438 10000 18.45074122 10050 18.72891772 10100 19.00709421 10150 19.2186208 10200 19.0596627 10250 18.90070461 10300 18.74174651 10350 18.56254077 10400 18.38150516 10450 18.20046955 10500 17.87192833 10550 17.47453334 10600 17.07713834 10650 16.56739015 10700 15.91831125 10750 15.26923236 10800 14.88388127 10850 15.48438927 10900 16.08489726 10950 16.68540525 11000 16.94987492