# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) 0 17.97 324 17.59 680 17.88 1004 17.97 1328 17.85 1685 17.65 2009 17.71 2333 18.06 2657 17.65 3013 17.91 3337 18.09 3661 18 4018 17.82 4342 17.94 4666 18.29 5022 18.41 5346 18.56 5670 18.74 6026 18.5 6350 18.35 6610 18.47 6836 18.74 7063 18.44 7322 18.5 7549 18.71 7776 19.06 8035 18.41 8384 18.38 8714 18.29 9092 19.15 9470 19.03 9896 18.74 10274 18.44 10699 17.88 11077 16.85 11502 15.06 11908 13.26 12163 13.35 12417 13 12700 14.35 12955 14.82 13238 15.44 13521 15.79 13803 16 14115 16.03 14397 15.91 14709 15.76 15020 14.91 15331 14.68 15670 13.47 15954 12.91 16229 13.71 16503 14.26 16778 13.38 17075 13.26 17350 13.5 17647 12.44 17945 12.53 18242 14 18562 14.5 18860 14.71 19180 14.29 19500 14.09 19783 14.56 20066 14.44 20349 14.09 20632 14.09 20935 13.91 21218 13.65 21521 13.38 21804 13.26 22107 13.59 22390 13.62 22693 13.68 22976 13.41 23259 12.21 23560 12.12 23868 12.68 24176 13.35 24484 13.03 24792 12.97 25078 13.32 25364 12.59 25540 12.18 25716 11.88 25914 12.18 26090 13.15 26266 13.79 26442 13.85 26640 13.97 26816 13.79 26992 13.85 27168 14 27360 14 27520 13.29 27680 12.35 27840 12.91 28020 13.35 28180 13.53 28340 13.38 28500 13.09 28829 11.79 29122 11.32 29525 11.53 29964 13.59 30330 14.56 30696 14.03 31062 14.09 31428 14 31794 14.44 32160 14.32 32505 14.38 32850 14.59 33195 13.5 33540 16.5 33797 14.85 34054 14.68 34311 13.47 34569 14.94 34826 15.12 35083 15.32 35340 15 35751 12.38 36163 12.38 36574 15.06 36986 15.03 37397 15.29 37809 15.29 38220 15.35 38511 13.24 38803 11.44 39094 10.68 39386 10.26 39677 12.97 39969 14.65 40260 14.74 40740 14.03 41220 15.26 41700 14.59 42048 13.38 42396 14.32 42744 15.15 43092 15.06 43440 15.35 44070 14.47 44700 14.47 45330 15.21 45960 15.29 46590 15.41 47220 15.38 47670 12.56 48120 12.76 48570 11.71 49020 13.97 49725 14.94 50430 14.91 51135 14.88 51840 15.24 52545 15.35 53250 15.09 53955 15.35 54660 15.88 55220 14.91 55780 13.26 56340 14.91 56832 13.68 57324 13.94 57816 14.62 58308 15.15 58800 15.32 59460 14.21 60120 15.26 60564 13 61008 11.32 61452 10.44 61896 11.15 62340 10.62 62784 9.68 63228 9.12 63672 9.94 64116 13.03 64560 14.68 65324 13.59 66087 13.68 66851 12.24 67615 13.82 68378 14.41 69142 13.62 69905 14.79 70669 14.85 71433 13.79 72196 16.12 72960 16.76 73776 14.85 74592 13.79 75408 16.24 76224 17.35 77040 17.85 77460 14.56 77880 13.65 78300 15.24 78720 17.06 80040 16.71 81360 17.79 82680 18 84000 18.47 85320 18.59 85774 16.21 86229 15.24 86683 12.94 87137 13.47 87591 13.15 88046 13.68 88500 17.32 89619 17.15 90737 17.5 91856 16.79 92974 17.32 94093 17.74 95211 18.41 96330 17.91 97449 18.18 98567 18.18 99686 18.24 100804 18.82 101923 18.88 103041 18.68 104160 18.62 104616 15.65 105072 14.12 105528 14.79 105984 18.47 106440 18.53 108270 17.97 110100 13.18