# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (°C) 49.043087 4.0841 145.057976 3.9248 241.026827 4.1104 336.926618 5.2637 432.734332 4.0592 528.426948 4.3606 623.981447 4.1422 719.374809 3.4686 814.584015 3.4119 909.586046 3.4664 1004.357881 3.3691 1098.876501 4.3075 1193.118887 6.3014 1287.062018 3.4313 1380.682877 4.141 1473.958443 2.4873 1566.865696 3.4263 1659.381617 3.4023 1751.483187 4.9426 1843.147386 3.8385 1934.351194 3.9104 2025.071592 4.564 2115.288693 5.2813 2204.995143 4.376 2294.18672 6.1074 2382.859203 4.3577 2471.008369 4.8638 2558.629997 4.4923 2645.719866 5.1731 2732.273753 4.68 2818.287437 5.124 2903.756697 3.6636 2988.67731 5.6026 3073.045055 5.8819 3156.85571 4.8032 3240.105054 4.9283 3322.788865 4.8701 3404.902921 4.2691 3486.443217 4.5621 3567.410719 4.1952 3647.811364 5.2357 3727.651307 4.9499 3806.9367 4.9494 3885.673699 4.9535 3963.868457 5.7345 4041.527127 4.747 4118.655864 4.3278 4195.260822 4.7705 4271.348153 4.5691 4346.924013 5.2507 4421.994554 5.4429 4496.565931 4.6349 4570.644298 6.3356 4644.235808 5.0849 4717.346616 5.8288 4789.982874 6.3486 4862.150738 5.405 4933.85636 5.3573 5005.105895 5.8379 5075.905497 4.5418 5146.261318 5.7034 5216.179514 4.9542 5285.666238 5.6746 5354.727643 4.9441 5423.369929 6.165 5491.600304 6.0381 5559.426991 4.7601 5626.858256 5.325 5693.902366 5.7615 5760.567587 3.8255 5826.862186 6.1932 5892.794427 6.1115 5958.372579 6.8136 6023.604907 4.9672 6088.499678 5.9424 6153.065158 4.8979 6217.309612 6.4826 6281.241308 5.4636 6344.868512 6.0208 6408.19949 5.8576 6471.242509 6.4005 6534.005834 5.0897 6596.497732 6.9001 6658.72647 5.7629 6720.700313 4.7303 6782.427528 4.5372 6843.916382 4.7503 6905.17514 5.0459 6966.212069 5.2533 7027.035436 5.9845 7087.653851 6.1161 7148.083879 5.0563 7208.350033 5.7377 7268.477173 4.7247 7328.490159 6.4021 7388.41385 5.0995 7448.273107 5.9316 7508.092788 6.0243 7567.897754 5.7858 7627.712864 5.4385 7687.562979 6.5346 7747.472956 3.518 7807.467658 5.5921 7867.571942 6.2634 7927.81067 5.4367 7988.2087 4.1113 8048.790892 5.1414 8109.582107 4.5086 8170.607203 5.1436 8231.89104 3.0531 8293.458479 3.1157 8355.334379 4.2292 8417.543599 4.8111 8480.111 4.0191 8543.06144 2.8623 8606.419781 4.9379 8670.210006 4.3421 8734.435985 4.2625 8799.081469 3.5924 8864.129336 4.038 8929.562462 3.6252 8995.363726 3.209