# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (°C) 0 19.325 50 19.26785714 100 19.41964285 150 19.40714286 200 19.31644726 250 19.21487079 300 19.11329432 350 19.01171786 400 18.91166097 450 18.84732921 500 18.78299745 550 18.71866569 600 18.65433393 650 18.64605827 700 18.64995449 750 18.65385071 800 18.66283307 850 18.69953463 900 18.73623618 950 18.7699194 1000 18.73321785 1050 18.69651629 1100 18.65981473 1150 18.65714286 1200 18.65714286 1250 18.65714286 1300 18.895932 1350 19.18954446 1400 19.48315692 1450 19.39817226 1500 19.15043675 1550 18.90270123 1600 18.86983132 1650 18.98911138 1700 19.10839144 1750 19.20171323 1800 19.26594095 1850 19.33016868 1900 19.43212928 1950 19.60187398 2000 19.77161869 2050 19.85304696 2100 19.66036379 2150 19.46768061 2200 19.31190599 2250 19.40365988 2300 19.49541378 2350 19.58629564 2400 19.6229972 2450 19.65969876 2500 19.69640031 2550 19.62552079 2600 19.54294229 2650 19.46036378 2700 19.49764023 2750 19.56716192 2800 19.63668361 2850 19.66548149 2900 19.69031066 2950 19.71513984 3000 19.73996902 3050 19.76479819 3100 19.78023598 3150 19.74547514 3200 19.71071429 3250 19.67595344 3300 19.6411926 3350 19.60643175 3400 19.63787542 3450 19.76698713 3500 19.89609884 3550 19.87074925 3600 19.70687669 3650 19.54300414 3700 19.63063408 3750 19.85345048 3800 20.07626687 3850 20.16010871 3900 20.10978327 3950 20.05945783 4000 20.00784405 4050 19.94493726 4100 19.88203046 4150 19.81912367 4200 19.83210763 4250 19.87823928 4300 19.92437093 4350 19.98507683 4400 20.08153392 4450 20.17799101 4500 20.2744481 4550 20.27089848 4600 20.23449641 4650 20.10868281 4700 20.17483057 4750 20.45162048 4800 20.20283164 4850 19.82384755 4900 19.75674696 4950 19.68964638 5000 19.6225458 5050 19.68910958 5100 19.82331074 5150 19.95751191 5200 19.9923237 5250 19.74069651 5300 19.69832249 5350 19.82413608 5400 19.85928754 5450 19.87859018 5500 19.89789281 5550 19.91719545 5600 19.93649808 5650 19.92839145 5700 19.9068189 5750 19.88524634 5800 19.86367379 5850 19.84285714 5900 19.84285714 5950 19.84285714 6000 19.84285714 6050 19.84285714 6100 19.76898286 6150 19.58407526 6200 19.4344431 6250 19.68098657 6300 19.85927102 6350 19.83407428 6400 19.74778407 6450 19.6504921 6500 19.53954754 6550 19.45513155 6600 19.55066715 6650 19.64620274 6700 19.74173833 6750 19.83727392 6800 19.8993871 6850 19.92712323 6900 19.95485937 6950 19.98259551 7000 20.01033165 7050 19.95086684 7100 19.87690381 7150 19.81624623 7200 19.75285498 7250 19.73222028 7300 19.91613775 7350 19.71890298 7400 19.59968837 7450 19.48874381 7500 19.47900041 7550 19.54063628 7600 19.60227214 7650 19.66390801 7700 19.72554388 7750 19.76898385 7800 19.81148387 7850 19.85398389 7900 19.89648391 7950 19.91849078 8000 19.87734529 8050 19.8361998 8100 19.79505431 8150 19.75390882 8200 19.7157066 8250 19.75410906 8300 19.79251152 8350 19.83328944 8400 19.87717797 8450 19.92106649 8500 19.96495502 8550 20.00884354 8600 20.05273206 8650 20.09662059 8700 20.14050911 8750 20.18099079 8800 20.21939324 8850 20.2577957 8900 20.29619816 8950 20.33460062 9000 20.35935222 9050 20.36470175 9100 20.37005128 9150 20.37540082 9200 20.38075035 9250 20.38538615 9300 20.38083378 9350 20.37628141 9400 20.37172903 9450 20.36717666 9500 20.36262428 9550 20.35807191 9600 20.35170787 9650 20.34487931 9700 20.33805075 9750 20.33122218 9800 20.32439362 9850 20.31756506 9900 20.27169516 9950 20.18975242 10000 20.10780969 10050 20.01717921 10100 19.9124746 10150 19.80776999 10200 19.77514768 10250 19.96634739 10300 20.15754711 10350 20.32809106 10400 20.32353869 10450 20.31898631 10500 20.31443394 10550 20.30988156 10600 20.30532919 10650 20.30077682 10700 20.29622444 10750 20.29167207 10800 20.2871197 10850 20.28571429 10900 20.28571429 10950 20.28571429 11000 20.28319592