# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) -41 17.51 -19 17.42 3 17.1 25 17.22 47 17.24 69 17.29 91 17.33 114 17.11 136 17.32 158 17.07 180 16.96 202 17.45 224 17.57 246 17.61 268 17.21 290 17.66 312 17.47 334 17.71 356 16.56 378 17.58 401 17.07 423 17.36 445 17.8 467 17.67 489 17.81 511 18.08 533 17.76 555 18.25 577 18.05 599 17.75 610 17.73 636 17.7 662 18 715 18.19 741 17.96 767 18.28 819 18.37 846 18.08 872 17.98 898 17.89 924 18.42 951 18.2 977 18.46 1003 17.97 1029 18.31 1056 18.09 1082 18.18 1108 17.44 1134 17.82 1161 17.84 1187 18.44 1213 18.24 1245 17.87 1278 18.2 1310 18.33 1342 17.71 1375 18.28 1407 17.75 1472 17.53 1504 17.59 1536 18.01 1569 17.94 1601 17.67 1633 18.51 1665 18.62 1698 18.25 1730 18.33 1762 18.33 1795 18.34 1827 18.18 1859 17.54 1892 18.16 1924 17.85 1956 17.63 1989 17.07 2021 18.17 2053 18.29 2118 17.71 2183 17.89 2247 18.5 2312 19.07 2377 18.67 2441 18.9 2506 19.24 2570 19.18 2635 19.06 2700 18.62 2764 18.66 2829 18.59 2902 18.71 2975 18.99 3049 18.7 3122 18.49 3195 18.84 3268 18.91 3341 19.02 3415 18.75 3488 19.37 3561 19.16 3634 19.76 3707 19.01 3781 19.4 3854 19.12 3927 19.65 4000 19.42 4073 19.9 4147 19.46 4220 19.58 4293 19.46 4366 19.69 4439 18.82 4513 19.55 4586 18.76 4739 19.11 4819 19.55 4898 19.11 5058 19.51 5138 19.28 5217 19.04 5297 20.06 5377 19.68 5457 19.89 5536 19.36 5616 20.99 5696 19.64 5776 19.94 5855 19.73 5935 19.97 6015 20.2 6095 19.74 6174 20.31 6254 20.37 6334 20.63 6414 20.22 6493 20.37 6573 20.66 6653 20.11 6733 20.69 6813 20.58 6892 20.27 6972 20.75 7052 20.6 7132 20.31 7215 21.38 7383 20.53 7443 20.32 7528 20.71 7615 20.69 7706 20.49 7797 20.67 7887 21.06 7977 20.65 8156 21.13 8245 20.19 8334 20.52 8509 19.23 8591 19.95 8674 20.26 8837 19.66 8918 20.04 9079 19.35 9162 19.24 9355 19.75 9632 19.33 9911 19.93 10195 18.29 10339 18.09 10407 19.85 10477 19.88 10547 18.82 10617 18.29 10686 18.72 10756 18.12 10826 17.1 10896 16.84 10967 17.64 11038 17.95 11109 16.13 11180 16.61 11250 16.72 11319 15.81 11389 15.61 11458 15.86 11527 14.69 11596 15.41 11665 15.44 11734 15.98 11803 13.95 11872 15.17 12010 15.13