# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) Mg/Ca (°C) 360 25.26 400 25.56 430 26.02 470 26.03 510 24.79 540 25.08 580 25.31 610 25.63 650 25.95 680 25.36 720 25.23 750 25.63 790 24.57 820 26.07 860 25.76 890 25.47 930 26.06 960 25.57 1000 25.49 1030 25.8 1070 25.6 1100 25.31 1130 26.04 1170 25.31 1200 25.89 1240 25.85 1270 26.22 1310 25.3 1340 25.54 1370 25.85 1410 26.33 1440 26.62 1470 26.19 1510 26.43 1540 27.2 1580 25.27 1610 26.82 1640 26.62 1680 26.41 1740 26.02 1780 25.91 1810 26.15 1840 26.16 1880 26.71 1910 26.24 1940 25.79 1980 26.03 2010 26.34 2040 26.9 2080 27.03 2110 26.67 2140 26.58 2180 27.52 2210 26.71 2240 26.45 2280 26.78 2310 26.2 2340 26.99 2380 25.12 2410 25.67 2440 26.29 2470 26.13 2510 25.57 2540 26.36 2570 26.3 2610 26.07 2640 27.7 2670 27.63 2710 25.38 2740 25.86 2770 24.77 2800 26.49 2840 26.41 2870 26.43 2900 27.82 2940 26.62 2970 26.46 3000 25.67 3040 26.45 3070 26.42 3100 25.77 3140 25.99 3170 26.24 3200 26.58 3240 26.47 3270 25.94 3300 26.58 3340 26.35 3370 25.85 3400 26.18 3440 26.01 3470 26.13 3500 26.54 3540 26.83 3570 27.33 3600 27.47 3640 26.8 3670 26.38 3700 26.96 3740 25.68 3770 25.79 3810 26.76 3840 26.81 3870 24.96 3910 25.95 3940 24.55 3980 27.03 4010 26.42 4050 26.18 4080 26.31 4110 27.18 4150 27.38 4180 27.4 4220 26.5 4250 26.51 4290 26.96 4320 26.28 4360 27.99 4390 25.28 4430 26.9 4460 26.48 4500 26.88 4530 26.85 4570 27.43 4600 26.07 4640 26.36 4670 26.64 4710 26.08 4740 26.06 4780 26.11 4820 26.82 4850 26.62 4890 26.22 4920 25.99 4960 27.58 5000 26.91 5030 25.69 5070 27.91 5110 27.65 5140 27.18 5180 27.01 5220 27.69 5290 27.15 5330 26.91 5370 26.95 5400 26.64 5440 27.08 5480 26.89 5520 26.79 5550 26.4 5590 26.92 5630 26.97 5670 26.89 5710 26.94 5750 26.77 5780 27.28 5820 27.98 5860 25.99 5900 26.82 5940 26.9 5980 26.56 6020 26.51 6100 27.25 6140 26.94 6180 27.08 6220 26.87 6260 27.26 6300 26.55 6340 27.4 6380 26.61 6420 27 6460 26.07 6500 27.38 6540 27.17 6580 27.27 6630 27.15 6670 27.58 6710 27.41 6750 26.93 6790 27.94 6840 26.94 6880 26.06 6920 26.68 6960 26.57 7010 25.94 7050 27.28 7090 27.04 7140 26.82 7180 27.88 7220 27.35 7270 26.87 7310 27.06 7360 27.13 7490 26.1 7530 27.08 7580 26.83 7630 26.42 7670 26.78 7720 27.04 7760 26.6 7810 26.83 7860 26.78 7900 27.17 7950 27.27 8000 27.24 8040 27.11 8090 27.52 8140 26.62 8180 26.57 8230 25.31 8280 25.97 8330 27.08 8380 27.04 8430 28.02 8470 27.85 8520 26.88 8570 28.13 8620 28.14 8670 28.11 8720 27.68 8770 27.97 8820 26.69 8870 28.8 8920 26.82 8970 27.77 9030 27.92 9080 26.24 9130 26.74 9230 27.41 9290 26.79 9340 26.67 9390 27 9440 27.57 9500 27.28 9550 27.7 9600 26.61 9660 26.78 9710 27.66 9770 28.23 9820 26.67 9880 26.63 9930 26.8 9990 27.45 10040 26.12 10100 26.58 10160 28.39 10210 26.75 10270 26.94 10330 26.78 10380 26.8 10440 26.5 10500 27.34 10560 28.14 10610 27.29 10670 27.06 10730 26.94 10790 26.93 10850 26.01 10910 26.08 10970 27.13 11030 27.8 11090 27.05 11150 27.04 11210 26.44 11270 26.07 11330 26.96 11400 26.44 11460 26.03 11520 26.05 11580 25.88 11650 26.28 11710 26.31 11770 26.68 11840 26.39 11900 26.14 11960 26.1 12030 25.83 12090 25.8 12160 26.33 12220 26.31 12290 25.98 12360 25.8 12420 26.09 12490 26.82 12560 26.02 12620 25.68 12690 26.2 12930 25.16 13100 25.44