# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) 724.8 11.15189748 815.9 11.17242476 907 11.99414069 998.1 11.23203424 1089.2 11.44532377 1180.3 11.60676718 1271.4 11.78277645 1362.5 10.91514332 1453.6 11.62417264 1544.7 11.35458257 1635.8 11.68319602 1726.9 11.16301885 1818 11.66993664 1962 10.97617053 2106 11.79835761 2250 10.98769669 2394 11.46142045 2538 11.30259902 2682 11.46638706 2826 11.04248019 2970 11.19069041 3114 11.05355065 3258 11.43639523 3346.444444 11.27903526 3434.888889 11.31778702 3523.333333 10.91466924 3611.777778 11.47390689 3700.222222 11.36807801 3788.666667 11.50401504 3877.111111 11.6550067 3965.555556 11.47825788 4054 11.44585028 4142.444444 11.35582827 4230.888889 12.3023548 4319.333333 11.57770856 4407.777778 11.19473401 4496.222222 11.4637194 4584.666667 11.15237817 4673.111111 11.62312872 4761.555556 11.65883693 4850 11.62871073 4950.125 12.79017203 5050.25 11.83182536 5150.375 11.76929068 5250.5 11.51341176 5350.625 11.59897758 5450.75 11.54233037 5550.875 11.29196309 5651 11.48809483 5740.269231 11.24964102 5829.538462 11.73678565 5918.807692 11.27955278 6008.076923 11.85908455 6097.346154 11.87124864 6186.615385 11.67150708 6275.884615 11.30216943 6365.153846 11.44692415 6454.423077 12.71984167 6543.692308 11.78918645 6632.961538 12.18492003 6722.230769 11.78199779 6811.5 12.75396433 6900.769231 12.33481439 6990.038462 11.61286738 7079.307692 12.13084455 7168.576923 11.83103849 7257.846154 12.4667309 7347.115385 11.74385983 7436.384615 12.33138523 7525.653846 13.03674889 7614.923077 12.51146967 7704.192308 12.43208405 7793.461538 12.81875407 7882.730769 12.67112528 7972 12.53780353 8044.785714 12.20891186 8117.571429 12.06582623 8190.357143 12.32054537 8263.142857 12.12439479 8335.928571 12.32649233 8408.714286 12.5289279 8481.5 12.10636932 8554.285714 12.96035507 8627.071429 14.42086641 8699.857143 12.68239544 8772.642857 11.55259933 8845.428571 12.47549113 8918.214286 12.87139915 8991 11.95083415 9027.333333 11.87249363 9063.666667 13.01933605 9100 11.89694468 9136.333333 14.76193233 9172.666667 12.42537768 9209 12.76174816 9281.666667 12.02831082 9318 12.34157231 9354.333333 12.19788909 9390.666667 12.50409518 9469.9 12.52216662 9512.8 12.22265542 9555.7 12.68730347 9598.6 11.9403116 9641.5 12.05744116 9684.4 12.56973094 9727.3 12.12409816 9770.2 12.41310904 9813.1 12.3846237 9856 12.62732117 9898.9 12.59440847 9941.8 12.13291583 9984.7 12.72552746 10027.6 12.34176265