# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) foraminifera (°C) 176 18.7 441 17.9 705 18.4 970 18.2 1234 18.4 1498 17.2 1763 19.2 2027 19 2292 18 2556 16.7 2821 19 3085 17.9 3350 19 3614 18.7 3878 16.2 4143 18.7 4407 17.4 4672 18.9 4936 18.8 5201 16.1 5465 18.9 5729 18.6 5994 17.1 6258 18.8 6523 15.3 6787 19.1 7052 18.6 7316 18.5 7580 18.8 7845 17.3 8109 18 8374 17.9 8638 18.1 8903 16.8 9167 17.1 9432 17.5 9696 16.9 9960 18.7 10225 15.6 10489 15.7 10754 19.2 11018 18.5 11283 16.7 11547 15.5 11678 14.2 11809 19.9 11940 12.2 12070 13.8 12201 11.4 12332 13.2 12463 19 12689 15 12914 15 13140 15.8 13365 15.7 13591 17.5 13817 14.8 14042 15.3 14267 16 14493 18.5 14668 10.1 14743 9.5 14818 11.2 14893 10.9 14968 14.6 15043 12.8 15118 11.2 15193 16 15268 14.4 15343 15.1 15418 11 15493 9.3 15568 9 15643 7.8 15695 7.1 15746 8.2 15798 7.6 15850 5.7 15901 6.1 15953 5.5 16022 5.9 16159 5 16227 4.6 16296 5.6 16341 NaN 16364 5.9 16387 NaN 16433 5.5 16479 NaN 16502 5.7 16547 NaN 16570 4.6 16593 NaN 16639 5.5 16707 5.5 16730 NaN 16776 4.6 16821 NaN 16844 4.6 16913 5 16956 NaN 17042 5 17085 NaN 17171 5.5 17214 NaN 17300 4.7 17386 NaN 17429 7.8 17507 8.6 17585 9 17663 9.3 17741 8.6 17866 10.9 17991 13.3 18116 13.9 18241 16.1 18366 16.1 18491 16.1 18615 15.7 18740 15.3 18865 16.1 18990 14.2 19115 14.9 19240 15.3 19328 17.3 19417 16.2 19505 16.2 19593 15.9 19682 16.8 19770 15.7 19858 15.6 19947 15.7 20035 16.3 20123 15.8 20212 16.5 20300 17.4 20393 16.3 20485 17 20578 16.6 20670 16 20763 16.3 20856 17.8 20948 17.7 21041 18.3 21134 15.8 21226 15.9 21319 15.6 21411 15.6 21504 15.3 21597 16.3 21689 15.4 21782 15.1 21875 15.6 21967 14.2 22060 13.9 22152 15 22245 14.6 22338 13.8 22430 15.3 22523 14.8 22616 14.2 22708 15.3 22801 14.2 22893 15.5 22986 13.7 23079 13.5 23171 13.5 23264 15 23357 13.5 23449 14.6 23542 12.8 23634 10.1 23727 10.1 23757 8.3 23788 7.4 23818 8 23849 7.9 23879 8 23909 8.9 23940 9.8 23970 8.6 24036 11.6 24101 14 24167 15.8 24232 13.6 24298 15.4 24363 15.6 24445 15.6 24528 18.5 24610 13.3 24692 13.9 24775 11.7 24857 13.2 24940 13.7 25022 15.6 25104 10.1 25187 15 25269 11.1 25351 10.9 25434 9.8 25516 10.7 25608 8.8 25700 8.9 25748 9.8 25796 9.8 25844 9.7 25892 10.1 25940 10 25988 10.4 26036 13.3 26084 11.9 26132 12.2 26180 12.3 26397 12 26686 13.8 26831 17.1 27048 13.3 27265 13 27482 13.3 27698 12.4 27915 15.8 28132 15.7 28349 12.3 28566 15.1 28783 16.4 29000 14.7 29045 9.8 29090 9.2 29136 11.4 29181 9.6 29226 10.8 29271 10.7 29316 10.9 29361 9.6 29407 9.8 29452 9.5 29497 11.5 29542 9.9 29587 8.9 29633 8.2 29678 8.4 29723 8.6 29768 7.7 29813 7.7 29859 8.1 29904 7.4 29949 7.4 29994 7.6 30039 8.3 30084 5.3 30130 6.2 30175 7.9 30220 11.3 30390 11.6 30559 14.4 30729 12.2 30898 13.4 31068 15.2 31237 13 31350 16.9 31520 12.6 31960 15.1 32400 11.9 32840 12.2 33280 14.6 33720 9.5 33910 14.8 34100 13.2 34290 17.3 34480 11.2 34582 16.8 34658 19.9 34734 11.8 34810 15 34886 17.7 34963 13.1