# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) foraminifera (°C) 581 12.8 600 12.5 618 12.8 641 12.7 663 12.3 674 12.6 711 11.1 788 13 839 12.7 917 12.1 968 12 1026 11.7 1080 11.6 1116 10.9 1164 11.9 1225 11.1 1298 11.4 1347 12.1 1395 12 1468 11.8 1578 11.8 1639 10.5 1712 11 1761 12 1834 12.4 1870 12.6 1971 11.3 2082 12 2194 12.1 2306 12 2379 12.3 2452 12.4 2526 12.8 2599 12.5 2672 11.8 2745 12.1 2818 12.1 2891 12.1 2965 12.4 3023 12.5 3111 11.6 3184 11.6 3257 12.4 3331 12.6 3404 11.6 3477 11.5 3550 12.9 3623 11.3 3696 11.1 3768 11.3 3834 11.4 3900 12.1 3966 12.5 4019 11.5 4099 10.9 4138 11.9 4244 12.8 4323 11.8 4527 12.3 4576 11.8 4657 11.7 4739 11.2 4820 12 4902 11.7 4984 12.1 5065 12.5 5147 12.3 5228 11.8 5310 11.3 5375 12 5473 11.5 5554 11.5 5636 11.5 5717 12.1 5799 12.5 5881 11.7 5962 12.1 6044 12.4 6125 11.6 6190 11.7 6288 12 6354 12.3 6451 11.5 6517 12 6631 11.8 6712 11.3 6794 12.3 6876 12 6957 11.9 7039 11.5 7120 11.1 7202 10.4 7283 12 7365 10.7 7446 11.9 7528 12.2 7609 10.7 7691 10.7 7819 10.5 7948 10.4 8076 12.5 8204 11.9 8332 11.6 8461 13 8589 12.4 8717 12 8846 12.1 8974 12.6 9102 12 9231 12.2 9359 12.1 9487 11.7 9615 12.4 9795 12 9872 11.4 10000 12.2 10128 11.9 10256 12.3 10385 12.5 10513 11.9 10641 10 10770 11 10898 10.7 11026 12 11155 11.4 11155 10.5 11275 9.9 11394 8.9 11514 7.4 11633 7.2 11753 7.1 11849 7.3 11896 7.6 12066 7.5 12297 7.6 12584 8 12728 7.3 12872 7.5 13016 7.4 13146 8.2 13218 8.6 13290 8.4 13363 8.3 13435 7.6 13522 7.6 13638 7.8 13724 7.6 13826 7.4 13913 8.3 14014 8.5 14086 7.9 14151 8.5 14167 9.6 14180 8.3 14192 9.4 14203 9.5 14214 8.6 14226 8.5 14237 9.4 14248 9.3 14260 8.5 14271 8 14319 8.2 14371 8.9 14422 9.2 14487 8.2 14577 8.9 14629 8.8 14707 8.9 14745 9.3 14810 9 14875 9.1 14939 8.7