# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) 1081.8 18.29349577 1156 18.29166931 1378.6 17.93172289 1527 18.052287 1749.6 18.37902786 1898 18.95312315 2120.6 18.42812704 2269 18.54570977 2491.6 18.27438361 2640 18.50572072 2862.6 18.26269269 3011 18.73919597 3208.857 18.21721588 3340.762 19.07457369 3406.714 18.5239078 3538.619 18.64473008 3670.524 19.04802756 3868.381 18.86220451 4000.286 19.00389196 4198.143 18.70342065 4330.048 18.96518716 4475.122 18.9544734 4554.244 18.81306611 4672.927 19.27825767 4752.049 19.60699233 4870.732 18.45940209 4949.854 18.59521238 5068.537 18.81994832 5147.659 18.76805022 5266.341 18.31002269 5464.146 18.30541505 5543.268 18.25317825 5661.951 18.73174241 5741.073 18.35258068 5859.756 18.85293075 5938.878 19.59150614 6064.1 19.15884855 6156.3 19.40626413 6294.6 19.40907148 6386.8 19.509621 6525.1 19.49355934 6617.3 19.42972501 6755.6 19.12873204 6847.8 18.82835081 6986.1 18.84899288 7078.3 19.36597349 7216.6 19.67945225 7308.8 19.15096579 7453.5 19.31010199 7558.5 19.50432623 7716 18.92074156 7821 18.82501412 7978.5 18.77436064 8083.5 18.97837532 8241 17.99631816 8346 18.87234893 8503.5 18.17581857 8608.5 18.49880153 8766 18.47481187 8871 18.83847375 9010.04 19.10893196 9078.12 19.64839593 9180.24 18.88885658 9248.32 19.60767097 9350.44 19.08453095 9418.52 19.76946901 9520.64 19.10353561 9554.68 19.61605701 9588.72 19.16230418 9690.84 19.14266687 9758.92 19.89933356 9855.229 19.38622463 9911.686 19.80131765 9996.371 18.9549301 10052.829 18.74142249 10137.514 18.33689552 10193.971 18.21123207 10278.657 18.14521385 10335.114 19.189916 10419.8 18.6093706 10476.257 19.12365682 10560.943 18.9380186 10617.4 18.35741899 10702.086 18.41813674 10758.543 18.57289187 10839.464 18.80809445 10888.391 18.58937535 10961.783 18.22901555 11010.71 17.16867191 11084.101 17.58875503 11133.029 17.86403742 11206.42 18.16264018 11255.348 17.92676106 11328.739 17.95957268 11451.058 16.96648194 11499.986 16.83656672 11573.377 16.06039427 11622.304 16.00972525 11702.44 14.5035962 11760.36 15.00038562 11847.24 14.82869802 11905.16 15.44499016 11934.12 15.34439641 11992.04 14.99635847 12048.895 14.28199842 12132.579 13.98517219 12188.368 13.26779437 12272.053 12.48821735 12327.842 12.52331881 12411.526 12.18068043 12467.316 12.08511675 12606.789 12.36248515 12690.474 11.9675511 12746.263 12.37817595 12829.947 12.74672585 12857.842 13.16163131 12969.421 13.79354226 13025.211 14.26540644 13171.857 14.68041359 13353.571 14.53618188 13450.149 14.79190485 13491.069 15.3063948 13552.448 14.74438569 13593.368 15.80057777 13654.747 15.6373518 13695.667 15.51418775 13757.046 15.12140664 13797.966 15.5544253 13859.345 15.48144691 13900.264 15.31510004 13961.644 15.16748688 14002.563 15.48792655 14063.943 14.95795624 14104.862 15.58246678 14166.241 14.78099045 14207.161 14.85556902 14268.54 15.56788717 14325.385 14.91731864 14361.769 14.02195015 14434.538 14.29778106 14507.308 14.57314864 14616.462 13.93646173 14689.231 13.20573694