# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) TEX86 (°C) 955 28.3 1156 27.7 1357 27.4 1621 26.4 1933 27.7 2247 27.8 2611 27.8 3032 27.2 3443 26.7 3813 28.7 4074 27.7 4306 27.8 4543 27.4 4918 27.2 5336 26.5 5532 NaN 6338 26.9 6922 27.7 7528 27.3 8190 27.4 8852 26.1 9182 NaN 10202 25.8 10580 26.6 10959 25.8 11337 26.1 11716 25.5 12094 24.6 12473 24.4 12878 24.3 13257 24.4 13635 24 14013 25.3 14392 25.2 14770 NaN 15149 25.6 15527 25.4 15933 25.9 16311 25.3 16692 25.5 17135 25.8 17578 26 18060 25.2 18715 25.6 19534 26.2 20331 NaN 20551 26 20584 24.9 20738 26.3 20854 25.5 20951 NaN 20960 NaN 21154 25.6 21433 25.6 21712 25.6 21992 25.8 22271 25.9 22872 25.4 23843 25.3 24329 NaN 24884 25.4 25370 NaN 25855 25.1 26341 NaN 26827 25.3 27312 NaN 27798 26 28284 NaN 28769 24.9 29255 NaN 29741 25.9 30226 NaN 30712 25.4 31198 NaN 32377 25.5 33487 NaN 34667 25.5 35777 NaN 36956 26.1 38067 NaN 40356 NaN 41536 25.7 43409 NaN 45352 25.8 46462 NaN 47641 26.1 48751 NaN 49931 25.1 51041 NaN 52220 25.8 53330 NaN 54510 25.6 55620 NaN 56799 25.3 57910 NaN 59089 25.8 61379 25.8 62489 NaN 63668 26.6 64778 NaN 65958 26.7 68292 26.5 69425 NaN 70629 26.3 71762 NaN 72966 26.4 74100 NaN 75304 27.2 76437 NaN 77570 26.3 78774 NaN 79907 27.2 81111 NaN 82335 27.4 83929 NaN 85428 26.3 87022 NaN 88826 27.1 90792 NaN 92641 27.4 94607 NaN 96313 27.6 97660 NaN 98927 27.8 100273 NaN 101539 28 102885 NaN 104151 27.2 105497 NaN 106763 27.7 108109 NaN 109433 27.5 110984 NaN 112443 28.1 113994 NaN 115453 28.4 117125 NaN 118723 28.9 120421 NaN 122020 28.8 123352 NaN 124055 29.3 125557 NaN 127866 28.7 130894 27.6 131725 NaN 132508 26.7 133340 NaN 134122 26.5 134954 NaN 135835 26.5 136568 NaN 137351 26.4 138134 NaN 138966 26.2 140580 26.3 142194 26.6 142977 NaN 143809 26.6 145423 26.8 146206 NaN 147037 26.4 147820 NaN 148652 26.4 149435 NaN 150266 26.7 151049 NaN 151881 26.5 153495 26.8 154180 NaN 154278 26.6 154522 NaN