# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) 955 22.3 1156 22.12 1357 22.96 1621 22.32 1933 22.78 2247 21.98 2611 22.78 3032 22.8 3443 22.49 3813 22.9 4074 22.63 4306 22.73 4543 22.67 4918 23.19 5336 23.14 5532 22.54 6338 22.82 6922 22.64 7528 22.73 8190 22.66 8852 22.16 9182 22.11 10202 22.03 10580 20.86 10959 21.25 11337 21.07 11716 21.17 12094 19.81 12473 19.49 12878 19.85 13257 18.84 13635 18.87 14013 19.27 14392 20.59 14770 19.54 15149 20.21 15527 20.22 15933 20.65 16311 20.78 16692 20.12 17135 19.89 17578 20.07 18060 20.06 18715 19.83 19534 19.74 20331 20.14 20551 20.11 20584 20.49 20738 20.28 20854 19.85 20951 19.76 20960 19.74 21154 20.03 21433 19.48 21712 19.43 21992 19.77 22271 20.63 22872 19.67 23843 19.76 24329 20.23 24884 20.19 25370 20.93 25855 19.96 26341 19.43 26827 19.74 27312 20.21 27798 20.46 28284 20.47 28769 21.17 29255 20.23 29741 18.79 30226 19.78 30712 20.02 31198 19.38 32377 19.5 33487 19.64 34667 19.01 35777 19.04 36956 19.87 38067 20.17 40356 19.25 41536 20 43409 20.09 45352 20.38 46462 20.66 47641 20.56 48751 19.35 49931 19.83 51041 20.6 52220 20.31 53330 18.83 54510 19.8 55620 19.01 56799 19.71 57910 18.32 59089 19.27 61379 19.79 62489 20.02 63668 19.62 64778 19.78 65958 19.85 68292 19.9 69425 19.74 70629 19.92 71762 20.58 72966 20.28 74100 21.01 75304 20.72 76437 20.99 77570 20.15 78774 20.25 79907 21.14 81111 20.2 82335 21.52 83929 18.16 85428 19.71 87022 19.54 88826 20.42 90792 21.01 92641 21.02 94607 20.3 96313 21.94 97660 20 98927 21.75 100273 21.82 101539 21.9 102885 22.37 104151 21.23 105497 22.42 106763 21.91 108109 20.99 109433 21.87 110984 21.59 112443 21.22 113994 21.78 115453 21.46 117125 22.28 118723 22.45 120421 22.87 122020 22.99 123352 23.39 124055 23.23 125557 23.38 127866 22.86 130894 NaN 131725 20.86 132508 20.62 133340 20.66 134122 NaN 134954 20.14 135835 20.37 136568 20.93 137351 NaN 138134 18.03 138966 NaN 140580 20.57 142194 20.32 142977 20.7 143809 NaN 145423 20.57 146206 20.91 147037 20.68 147820 21.52 148652 21.12 149435 20.88 150266 NaN 151049 21.41 151881 20.55 153495 20.5 154180 21.01 154278 NaN 154522 20.75