# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) Mg/Ca (°C) 767 28.5358239 905 28.20065962 1181 27.23735989 1319 26.80331871 1457 27.2101835 1595 25.89811762 1733 26.53355144 1879.31 26.27405238 2033.92 26.74659842 2188.54 26.62504333 2343.15 26.76553917 2497.77 27.0824243 2652.38 27.0686434 2807 26.37518472 2961.62 27.26672202 3137.87 26.57458035 3323.4 26.28148534 3508.94 26.24426792 3694.47 27.20791563 3880 25.91864677 4068.5 26.55529255 4257 26.82451028 4445.5 26.90651872 4634 26.11170237 4822.5 27.43231798 5011 26.948447 5220.71 26.84565926 5430.43 26.76553917 5640.14 27.37889609 5849.86 26.51176534 6059.57 26.83626496 6269.29 26.66094077 6479 26.20691845 6688.71 26.45831982 6898.43 27.06404575 7108.14 26.61305026 7317.86 27.45449733 7527.57 27.21245088 7737.29 26.9321614 7947 27.40564093 8282.2 27.01102795 8617.4 26.94612203 8952.6 26.77972239 9287.8 26.66571786 9623 26.78444589 9958.2 26.42905293 10293.4 27.18521002 10628.6 27.30499548 10963.8 27.27348628 11299 27.13965134 11508.5 26.98094282 11718 26.99483895 11927.5 27.10764254 12137 26.90885245 12220.8 26.63702275 12304.6 26.89717859 12388.4 26.70623582 12556 26.41683434 12639.8 27.02257629 12723.6 26.38990341 12807.4 26.0738787 12975 26.01053566 13036 25.8543598 13097 26.19443912 13158 26.25172194 13219 25.6748631 13280 25.94425203 13341 26.30375279 13402 25.5932123 13463 25.66173638 13524 26.06882526 13585 25.89297908 13707.7 26.24178208 13830.4 26.26413359 13953.1 25.17242728 14075.8 25.32813273 14198.5 26.15189838 14443.9 26.23432101 14566.6 25.56143472 14689.3 25.35521357