# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) Mg/Ca (°C) 125.74 28.364 147.24 28.567 168.74 29.239 190.23 28.722 211.73 28.7 233.23 28.544 254.73 27.899 276.23 28.11 297.72 28.341 319.22 27.97 340.72 28.477 362.22 29.133 383.71 28.81 405.21 28.409 448.21 28.226 469.71 28.454 491.2 28.678 501.95 29.571 512.7 28.318 534.2 28.744 577.2 28.962 620.19 28.064 663.19 28.499 706.18 28.919 749.18 28.81 770.68 28.611 792.18 28.432 835.17 28.386 878.17 29.932 921.16 29.133 964.16 28.94 1007.2 28.134 1039.4 29.447 1050.2 28.7 1093.1 28.656 1136.1 29.176 1179.1 28.634 1222.1 28.854 1265.1 29.489 1308.1 28.272 1351.1 28.611 1394.1 28.875 1437.1 28.522 1480.1 28.064 1523.1 27.946 1566.1 28.656 1576.9 28.897 1609.1 29.197 1652.1 28.875 1695.1 29.155 1738.1 28.477 1781.1 28.7 1824.1 28.522 1845.6 29.005 1867.1 29.176 1910.1 29.027 1953.1 28.984 1996.1 29.611 2039.1 28.962 2082.1 29.693 2114.3 28.832 2125.1 29.26 2168 29.693 2211 28.854 2254 29.509 2340 29.571 2383 28.364 2426 28.656 2469 28.656 2512 29.239 2555 29.239 2598 28.04 2641 29.571 2684 29.344 2727 29.048 2770 29.427 2813 28.499 2856 29.611 2899 29.133 2942 28.454 2985 28.522 3028 29.972 3071 29.323 3114 28.962 3157 28.544 3189.2 28.7 3200 28.722 3222.3 28.386 3286.8 28.7 3351.4 28.854 3415.9 28.611 3480.4 28.318 3545 28.766 3609.5 27.779 3674 28.432 3738.6 29.069 3803.1 28.766 3867.7 27.899 3932.2 28.744 3948.3 29.773 3996.7 28.875 4025.3 28.499 4045 28.7 4075 28.611 4100 28.744 4119.4 28.744 4183.9 29.26 4248.5 28.318 4313 29.26 4377.5 28.984 4442.1 29.197 4506.6 28.7 4555 29.611 4571.2 29.133 4603.4 28.656 4635.7 29.773 4700.2 30.167 4764.8 29.027 4829.3 29.26 4893.8 29.26 4958.4 29.281 5087.4 29.048 5152 28.94 5281.1 29.239 5345.6 29.652 5361.7 29.652 5410.1 29.468 5474.7 28.984 5539.2 29.632 5603.7 29.406 5668.3 30.206 5732.8 29.632 5765.1 29.571 5797.3 29.468 5861.9 30.07 5926.4 29.005 5991 29.365 6055.5 29.406 6120 28.386 6184.6 28.81 6249.1 29.112 6313.6 29.302 6378.2 28.611 6442.7 29.55 6507.2 29.218 6571.8 29.239 6636.3 30.167 6700.8 29.281 6765.4 29.632 6829.9 29.365 6894.5 29.005 6959 29.133 6975.1 30.07 7023.5 29.913 7088.1 28.7 7152.6 29.239 7217.1 29.027 7281.7 28.544 7346.2 29.112 7410.7 29.489 7475.3 29.468 7539.8 28.875 7604.4 28.984 7668.9 28.203 7733.4 29.005 7781.8 29.972 7798 28.678 7862.5 28.875 7927 30.128 7991.6 29.112 8056.1 29.197 8120.6 29.793 8185.2 29.281 8185.2 29.713 8249.7 28.984 8314.2 29.733 8378.8 29.753 8443.3 29.813 8643.3 29.489 8707.9 29.281 8772.4 29.302 8901.5 28.656 8933.7 29.713 9030.5 29.281 9062.8 29.218 9095.1 29.091 9159.6 29.611 9191.9 29.091 9224.1 29.913 9353.2 28.875 9353.2 30.011 9417.7 29.218 9482.3 28.81 9595.2 29.048 9611.4 28.611 9675.9 29.591 9740.4 29.302 9805 28.897 9869.5 NaN 10092 28.477 10092 NaN 10273 29.365 10454 28.744 10635 29.176 10816 29.197 10997 28.919 11179 28.409 11360 28.295 11541 28.589 11722 28.766 11903 27.899 12084 28.854 12265 28.678 12356 28.611 12446 28.499 12627 28.678 12809 27.803 12990 28.017 13171 28.017