# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) foraminifera (°C) -24 7.1544 0 7.3064 25 7.2538 50 7.2033 119 6.8501 189 6.9225 258 7.1002 259 7.0305 260 7.9377 261 6.917 286 6.5881 311 7.3541 316 7.5908 322 7.624 327 6.4363 333 6.8178 338 7.9334 356 7.3626 374 6.7652 392 6.712 410 7.2774 428 7.1023 446 7.0081 464 7.3198 482 7.5329 535 6.7191 588 6.9831 641 6.6226 693 7.2174 746 6.1957 799 6.4901 851 7.2428 904 6.8897 957 7.1712 1010 6.9852 1062 6.8822 1115 6.7121 1168 6.6692 1182.3 6.3162 1237 6.9226 1259.7 6.925 1324 6.6609 1388.9 6.5494 1411 7.0415 1498 7.2719 1518.2 6.6185 1585 7.4619 1648.1 6.9279 1672 6.8674 1726.2 6.9378 1759 6.4347 1830.3 7.2104 1846 6.6839 1908.5 6.3638 2039 7.0671 2169.6 7.3285 2248.4 7.0784 2353.3 6.7589 2458.5 7.1798 2564.6 6.7242 2697.5 6.299 2777.6 7.8486 2887.7 6.7962 2970.5 6.6325 3081 6.983 3182.7 7.2216 3292.7 7.4041 3402.7 7.6437 3476 7.0927 3692.8 6.9963 3834.4 7.1076 3928.8 7.5265 4023.2 6.8968 4117.4 7.8522 4164.1 7.482 4210.8 6.6491 4304 7.4771 4397.3 7.234 4490.6 7.4923 4583.8 7.4559 4677 7.215 4769.9 7.3976 4862.7 7.4499 4955.5 7.3149 5094.7 7.5444 5233.9 6.9907 5326.7 7.316 5419.5 7.5519 5512.3 7.4513 5605.1 7.199 5697.8 7.2422 5790.6 7.8638 5883.4 7.1719 5976.1 7.7872 6068.8 7.6265 6161.5 7.8871 6254.3 7.3354 6347 7.4069 6439.6 7.463 6532.3 6.9933 6671.2 6.7823 6810.2 7.0507 6949 7.6392 7087.7 7.353 7226.4 7.3213 7365.1 6.9281 7503.4 7.401 7641.5 7.207 7779.5 7.5637 7871.3 6.8373 8053.9 7.1803 8189.6 6.4044 8280 6.8491 8370.4 6.588 8456.1 6.7263 8536.8 6.6692 8608.9 6.7318 8643.7 6.7089 8677.3 6.9555 8709.3 6.0214 8739 6.9262 8765.4 6.7284 8804.5 6.7248 8821.5 6.3355 8896.5 6.6089 8963.7 6.7177 9023.3 6.3085 9082.8 6.3227 9167.3 5.8124 9225.9 6.7456 9308.7 6.5748 9406.8 6.7638 9494.9 6.4866 9611.5 6.8931 9722.5 6.87 9792.5 6.5155 9984.6 6.5225 10039 7.0041 10066 6.4269 10212 5.7918 10278 6.5443 10347 5.9478 10363 6.7891 10438 6.4788 10484 7.0014 10494 6.4036 10543 5.9702 10590 6.1279 10603 6.7107 10660 5.0543 10749 5.2767 10831 6.0112 10942 4.523 10965 4.7002 11012 5.6593 11083 4.6265 11178 5.0849 11201 3.114 11224 3.6143 11247 3.5374 11270 3.6229 11292 3.3231 11314 4.0081 11335 3.7808 11356 3.4361 11376 3.474 11395 3.7533 11415 3.7849 11433 4.5013 11450 4.1334 11465 4.0895 11478 3.9473 11491 3.5247 11503 3.9626