# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (°C) 0 18.90982216 50 18.68190483 100 18.55714286 150 18.72746184 200 18.54611643 250 18.37653269 300 18.51556405 350 18.65459542 400 18.60230241 450 18.51370783 500 18.48348362 550 18.46257969 600 18.50489362 650 18.54720755 700 18.47677735 750 18.37175186 800 18.27330945 850 18.31531962 900 18.35732978 950 18.4061528 1000 18.46916809 1050 18.53218338 1100 18.55714286 1150 18.55714286 1200 18.55714286 1250 18.52466687 1300 18.48790795 1350 18.45714286 1400 18.45714286 1450 18.45714286 1500 18.42227744 1550 18.34350832 1600 18.2647392 1650 18.26272816 1700 18.29024272 1750 18.31775729 1800 18.34527185 1850 18.37278642 1900 18.40030098 1950 18.42781555 2000 18.44297995 2050 18.45779548 2100 18.47261101 2150 18.48742654 2200 18.50224207 2250 18.5170576 2300 18.52857143 2350 18.52857143 2400 18.52857143 2450 18.52857143 2500 18.52857143 2550 18.52857143 2600 18.52857143 2650 18.52756994 2700 18.52545343 2750 18.52333693 2800 18.52122042 2850 18.51910391 2900 18.51698741 2950 18.5148709 3000 18.51581702 3050 18.51793353 3100 18.52005003 3150 18.52216654 3200 18.52428304 3250 18.52639955 3300 18.52851605 3350 18.56687452 3400 18.6062067 3450 18.64553887 3500 18.76633122 3550 18.68822475 3600 18.53989372 3650 18.52149099 3700 18.84653387 3750 18.68344429 3800 18.68400865 3850 18.67386812 3900 18.60211964 3950 18.5748595 4000 18.66612426 4050 18.71918438 4100 18.60230154 4150 18.3739502 4200 18.39423126 4250 18.39274384 4300 18.45415578 4350 18.67724774 4400 18.60893663 4450 18.50257018 4500 18.41468744 4550 18.59721723 4600 18.62989753 4650 18.66931985 4700 18.93297361 4750 18.81552148 4800 18.80461227 4850 18.99548529 4900 18.87213255 4950 18.74877982 5000 18.7014282 5050 18.66896699 5100 18.58284927 5150 18.46598878 5200 18.51304824 5250 18.77273821 5300 18.96837859 5350 18.9553941 5400 18.94240962 5450 18.92942512 5500 18.91644062 5550 19.06589999 5600 19.24768297 5650 19.24846849 5700 19.1445926 5750 19.09415134 5800 19.11362809 5850 19.09532644 5900 18.95249695 5950 18.81008731 6000 18.68024244 6050 18.55039757 6100 18.68519872 6150 18.87347395 6200 19.11094589 6250 19.37712812 6300 19.54816098 6350 19.59360669 6400 19.6390524 6450 19.68449815 6500 19.72211641 6550 19.50837416 6600 19.34502534 6650 19.23350765 6700 18.9976449 6750 19.12549882 6800 19.76672557 6850 19.71182057 6900 19.48000279 6950 19.08969085 7000 19.35168585 7050 19.62708037 7100 19.51556267 7150 19.49252006 7200 19.53626407 7250 19.7221269 7300 19.7184628 7350 19.64090462 7400 19.74312918 7450 19.73692027 7500 19.65328522 7550 19.61785246 7600 19.6670485 7650 19.71624454 7700 19.74963217 7750 19.76439099 7800 19.77914981 7850 19.77205706 7900 19.74745902 7950 19.72286098 8000 19.74633123 8050 19.79552727 8100 19.84472332 8150 19.81301106 8200 19.75397581 8250 19.69494056 8300 19.51553347 8350 19.31382955 8400 19.11212563 8450 19.22946801 8500 19.36721693 8550 19.50443379 8600 19.6274239 8650 19.75041401 8700 19.8473861 8750 19.77359198 8800 19.69979786 8850 19.62375664 8900 19.54012337 8950 19.45649009 9000 19.51336269 9050 19.86265459 9100 20.2119465 9150 20.26183243 9200 19.89946619 9250 19.53709994 9300 19.1953079 9350 18.87728643 9400 18.55926497 9450 18.50862228 9500 18.77917786 9550 19.04973343 9600 19.225324 9650 19.28228307 9700 19.33924214 9750 19.30123943 9800 19.1398554 9850 18.97847137 9900 18.58900368 9950 17.89125508 10000 17.19350648 10050 16.97310108 10100 17.42402705 10150 17.87495301 10200 18.09854659 10250 17.98937504 10300 17.88020349