# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) chironomid (°C) -20.03483 13.77 -1.810425 13.43 8.430282 13.63 23.70787 13.79 41.05863 13.52 86.12193 13.46 127.6537 13.51 148.4232 13.76 169.1609 13.63 210.4382 13.04 230.9264 13.44 251.2801 13.51 271.4737 12.82 291.4813 13.35 311.2774 13.31 330.8363 13.76 350.1322 13.55 369.1396 13.52 388.0655 13.6 407.8173 14.29 427.4176 13.91 445.6051 13.45 461.7308 14.05 478.7765 13.67 497.5428 13.27 518.2802 13.74 541.2396 13.57 580.3935 13.34 625.9571 13.18 660.3118 13.7 698.1421 13.68 739.6989 13.77 784.8653 14.13 831.588 13.99 879.4975 13.93 928.5807 13.96 978.8244 14.23 1030.216 13.73 1082.741 13.82 1136.388 14.03 1218.932 13.72 1303.925 13.92 1361.877 13.43 1420.565 13.36 1479.973 13.46 1540.136 13.27 1601.234 13.81 1664.051 13.7 1728.499 13.55 1794.336 13.32 1861.319 13.81 1929.207 14.08 1997.757 13.99 2066.728 13.8 2135.876 13.79 2204.96 14.18 2273.737 13.81 2341.966 14.14 2409.404 13.57 2475.808 13.98 2540.938 13.68 2666.403 13.92 2783.86 13.65 3029.885 14.18 3107.951 13.62 3160.552 14.29 3208.619 13.97 3238.396 13.58 3266.534 13.96 3293.182 13.42 3318.493 13.96 3342.616 13.72 3365.701 14.06 3387.899 14.5 3409.361 13.63 3430.236 14.36 3450.676 14.3 3470.831 14.38 3490.85 14.18 3510.885 14.24 3531.086 13.88 3551.604 14.1 3572.588 14.03 3594.189 13.88 3616.558 14.18 3639.846 13.9 3664.201 13.92 3689.776 14.41 3716.719 13.79 3791.057 14 3876.922 13.97 3912.633 14.32 3948.059 13.81 3983.244 13.94 4018.232 13.02 4053.07 14.26 4122.474 14.4 4191.815 14.31 4226.574 14.65 4261.453 14.83 4296.497 14.48 4349.468 14.27 4403.063 14.74 4439.214 14.39 4475.755 14.37 4512.73 13.78 4737.485 14.84 4775.013 14.67 4812.57 14.04 4850.164 14.09 4887.797 14.15 4944.335 14.56 5000.992 14.91 5038.838 14.19 5076.75 14.12 5133.752 13.95 5460.612 13.74 5499.585 14.32 5538.684 14.92 5577.916 14.25 5736.264 13.19 5776.232 13.4 5816.363 14.27 5856.661 14.06 5897.133 13.71 5937.782 13.79 5978.614 13.68 6007.664 14.28