# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (°C) 51 4.1608 83 3.7036 117.5 3.344 150.5 4.2242 200.5 3.0533 246.5 3.8548 287.5 3.3348 328.5 2.7117 365.5 4.162 392 3.3657 422.5 1.927 462.5 3.8423 502 4.5708 546.5 3.8721 592.5 3.8842 637.5 2.9127 677.5 2.6256 720.5 3.0792 756 2.4674 791 3.3327 823 3.8427 858.5 3.8324 892.5 2.795 928 2.4394 963.5 2.6612 994 3.0091 1026.5 2.1986 1069.5 2.7252 1104 3.0663 1143 3.7426 1177.5 3.7454 1208.5 3.4933 1249.5 3.787 1294 3.1676 1328 4.033 1363.5 3.6049 1392 3.2647 1425.5 4.0983 1459.5 3.9068 1504.5 2.3865 1534.5 3.8076 1558.5 3.9136 1586 4.3991 1623.5 3.6746 1656 4.2859 1729.5 3.165 1789.5 3.2765 1837.5 4.1111 1859 3.4843 1889 2.8661 1920 3.1223 1951 4.0913 1982 4.1175 2014 3.7684 2045 3.1432 2082 4.6576 2114 3.9706 2146 3.4939 2182 3.7593 2223 3.4018 2260 3.6022 2297 4.3459 2341 2.7425 2377 3.9184 2412 4.848 2448 3.7579 2477 4.2724 2518 3.9868 2552 3.9267 2587 4.0005 2625 3.7801 2657 3.6492 2693 4.0801 2728 4.8878 2762 3.9391 2800 4.605 2839 4.6839 2878 4.2783 2917 3.721 2953 4.6985 2979 3.9849 3011 3.4361 3048 3.8671 3082 4.2201 3113 4.0366 3134 3.8949 3181 4.7308 3223 4.3129 3258 4.688 3295 5.2196 3328 4.9773 3375 4.2589 3424 4.2542 3474 5.46 3516 4.0955 3560 4.5047 3601 4.901 3637 5.0921 3688 4.5738 3743 4.4801 3794 4.4798 3831 5.0759 3868 5.1426 3908 5.0607 3947 5.0698 3982 5.4014 4024 4.9098 4072 4.6926 4103 5.4298 4130 6.0649 4160 4.8766 4206 5.2421 4253 5.265 4286 5.3701 4360 5.6158 4390 5.6683 4418 5.2387 4459 4.8383 4511 5.2269 4552 5.7599 4590 5.5854 4624 5.3019 4714 4.413 4758 5.93 4799 4.8475 4841 5.7131 4874 5.9133 4910 5.8972 4956 5.6672 4992 6.1397 5023 5.2461 5090 5.0301 5145 5.9573 5163 5.5251 5206 5.5838 5250 5.6045 5292 5.2644 5336 4.9061 5393 5.5879 5445 4.5347 5497 5.9919 5540 6.0426 5582 6.5006 5620 5.8094 5672 6.342 5726 5.9163 5776 5.4733 5819 5.3626 5852 4.7497 5895 5.383 5941 5.1058 5973 5.2235 6000 5.912 6031 5.2794 6060 5.3044 6094 5.1056 6124 4.7047 6157 4.8009 6188 5.0479 6229 4.9837 6279 5.5463 6335 4.9985 6402 4.8638 6443 5.0806 6506 5.9124 6547 4.5015 6587 5.4822 6631 4.0969 6682 5.4783 6744 4.5519 6799 5.0598 6840 5.3079 6888 4.1307 6943 5.7025 6999 5.7697 7057 5.2594 7112 4.9603 7160 6.3024 7307 5.6352 7344 5.031 7391 4.2514 7407 4.8366 7440 4.7339 7476 5.5271 7515 5.2454 7553 5.5661 7599 5.1259 7644 4.1717 7684 4.7133 7719 5.1315 7759 4.6817 7788 4.158 7837 4.2969 7851 5.1129 7869 4.1341 7891 4.7959 7914 3.7162 7934 4.6663 7950 5.6214 7963 4.4537 7977 4.5745 7994 4.4842 8010 4.616 8031 3.6927 8052 5.083 8079 5.4061 8106 4.9563 8123 4.0289 8138 4.6271 8150 5.6217 8163 4.1494 8181 4.285 8199 4.8395 8217 4.8793 8236 4.8034 8252 4.4182 8266 4.8967 8285 4.8688 8323 4.9541 8356 4.8805 8387 4.0286 8419 4.7019 8461 4.183 8500 4.2636 8530 3.8567 8555 4.6427 8589 4.8885 8619 5.3228 8649 4.7256 8675 3.862 8714 5.4832 8742 4.8322 8766 4.6071 8797 4.1994 8824 3.6339 8857 3.6613 8886 4.7521 8914 3.8871 8956 4.2391 8998 4.1493