# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) pollen (°C) 0 18.69753138 50 18.60986745 100 18.52220352 150 18.54151334 200 18.70806459 250 18.87461584 300 19.01782295 350 19.03973894 400 19.06165492 450 19.0835709 500 19.17666824 550 19.27748177 600 19.37829529 650 19.3635546 700 19.28465706 750 19.20575952 800 19.17228237 850 19.21172871 900 19.25117506 950 19.28571429 1000 19.28571429 1050 19.28571429 1100 19.28571429 1150 19.20756233 1200 19.12064956 1250 19.03373679 1300 19.06399751 1350 19.1280426 1400 19.19208769 1450 19.22026348 1500 19.2294122 1550 19.23856091 1600 19.271972 1650 19.32686428 1700 19.38175655 1750 19.39937697 1800 19.36278212 1850 19.32618727 1900 19.32862083 1950 19.42925667 2000 19.5298925 2050 19.59539261 2100 19.47833497 2150 19.36127733 2200 19.25661347 2250 19.25181832 2300 19.24702317 2350 19.24474451 2400 19.25912997 2450 19.27351542 2500 19.2893586 2550 19.31333436 2600 19.33731011 2650 19.36542888 2700 19.41338039 2750 19.4613319 2800 19.50742673 2850 19.54578794 2900 19.58414915 2950 19.59817919 3000 19.52305547 3050 19.44793175 3100 19.38571429 3150 19.38571429 3200 19.38571429 3250 19.38571429 3300 19.38571429 3350 19.38571429 3400 19.38571429 3450 19.40130256 3500 19.42339478 3550 19.445487 3600 19.4049578 3650 19.29448986 3700 19.18402192 3750 19.11269331 3800 19.16571464 3850 19.21873597 3900 19.27148336 3950 19.28032025 4000 19.28915714 4050 19.29799403 4100 19.18045159 4150 19.02579647 4200 18.87114135 4250 18.86354987 4300 18.98123482 4350 19.08589637 4400 19.14783045 4450 19.20976453 4500 19.16835142 4550 19.11879986 4600 19.08078019 4650 19.04981047 4700 19.02273352 4750 19.0041533 4800 18.98648383 4850 19.08773984 4900 19.18899584 4950 19.29025185 5000 19.39150785 5050 19.49276386 5100 19.59401986 5150 19.65159807 5200 19.63687478 5250 19.62215148 5300 19.60742819 5350 19.5927049 5400 19.60260708 5450 19.63477157 5500 19.66693607 5550 19.69910056 5600 19.73126506 5650 19.7578189 5700 19.78121126 5750 19.8 5800 19.8 5850 19.8 5900 19.74267702 5950 19.66665185 6000 19.61792557 6050 19.62962175 6100 19.64131793 6150 19.7647407 6200 20.03374114 6250 19.95976514 6300 19.49535662 6350 19.6824955 6400 19.79491684 6450 19.90603055 6500 19.84944068 6550 19.6499922 6600 19.93818485 6650 20.20212629 6700 20.21079797 6750 20.20910179 6800 20.20043011 6850 20.32425241 6900 19.93891374 6950 20.21169083 7000 20.21458398 7050 20.17157079 7100 20.18891413 7150 20.22502992 7200 20.2944033 7250 20.2957266 7300 20.26513294 7350 20.16974453 7400 20.11065575 7450 20.10198408 7500 20.08662643 7550 20.08460423 7600 20.19120343 7650 20.27479324 7700 20.17848776 7750 20.08218228 7800 20.13731717 7850 20.24566084 7900 20.30766536 7950 20.28960656 8000 20.27154776 8050 20.27142857 8100 20.27142857 8150 20.27142857 8200 20.27142857 8250 20.27439744 8300 20.26765549 8350 19.9666755 8400 19.8497153 8450 19.75942891 8500 19.63904706 8550 19.48856974 8600 19.40134357 8650 19.75048036 8700 20.09961715 8750 20.06780989 8800 19.91131349 8850 19.85545631 8900 19.96379997 8950 20.06948183 9000 19.77452144 9050 19.47956105 9100 19.4420619 9150 19.55357648 9200 19.66509106 9250 19.77660564 9300 19.89487608 9350 20.0190421 9400 19.97596424 9450 19.89319649 9500 19.81042874 9550 19.69227522 9600 19.51016506 9650 19.50025161 9700 19.59129614 9750 19.68983139 9800 19.78915845 9850 19.88848551 9900 19.90071265 9950 19.80759623 10000 19.71447981 10050 19.62136339 10100 19.52824697 10150 19.43513055 10200 19.34201413 10250 19.29134552 10300 19.27557569 10350 19.25980586 10400 19.24403603 10450 19.22826619 10500 19.21249636 10550 19.19672653 10600 19.1809567 10650 19.10410355 10700 18.93400496 10750 18.76390636 10800 18.59380777 10850 18.42370918 10900 18.25361058 10950 18.08351199 11000 17.9134134