# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) alkenone (°C) 0 8.62 130 8.41 380 8.721341659 440 8.800163059 510 8.870299337 590 8.859142795 700 8.881089692 800 9.054853783 910 9.180397989 1020 9.26188978 1120 9.484742945 1230 9.629312758 1330 9.76119108 1440 9.094102405 1550 9.681632714 1640 9.583810949 1710 9.539179245 1790 9.75030015 1870 9.791293568 1950 9.93504593 2020 10.14015567 2100 10.38967291 2180 10.16364752 2250 10.42054049 2330 10.52995947 2410 10.44480563 2480 10.49450349 2560 10.60491967 2640 10.57331777 2710 11.05956743 2790 10.79690975 2870 10.72057978 2950 10.72166963 3020 10.67750733 3100 10.96318043 3180 10.53386956 3250 10.84241995 3330 10.97094315 3410 11.26394754 3480 10.7997963 3560 10.89854301 3640 11.04258903 3710 10.97452374 3790 11.39128818 3870 11.29933294 3950 11.51041261 4020 11.56879102 4100 11.50395149 4180 11.49222712 4250 10.63747957 4330 10.78578655 4410 11.38758902 4480 12.15644457 4560 11.70559391 4640 11.88341288 4710 11.66114157 4870 11.53661086 4950 11.93458828 5020 12.07781642 5100 12.00742533 5180 12.28249265 5250 11.90282514 5330 11.23302868 5410 12.32999962 5480 12.38063349 5560 12.96054608 5640 13.24811985 5710 13.17083497 5790 13.39854126 5870 12.76823846 5940 12.64104904 6020 13.81035327 6100 13.73319369 6180 13.53456591 6250 11.74672284 6330 13.49168833 6410 12.7158354 6480 13.53693672 6560 13.60466519 6640 13.6902312 6710 13.58376048 6790 14.08565028 6870 14.21120754 6940 14.75811061 7010 14.46995179 7080 14.18520412 7150 14.69149973 7220 14.50422674 7290 14.63277234 7360 13.01975156 7430 15.02334958 7500 15.15999526 7570 14.97581015 7640 14.74653044 7710 14.37851883 7780 14.6608934 7850 14.80820633 7920 14.72045396 7990 14.49717218 8060 14.2066328 8130 14.80072067 8200 15.16500994 8270 14.69427726 8340 14.54596904 8410 14.56573112 8480 14.52020975 8550 14.46971298 8620 14.39584653 8690 14.29391861 8760 14.09463518 8830 14.25379739 8900 14.65766898 8970 14.00070725 9040 13.03391432 9110 14.12783471 9180 14.50871204 9250 13.98879152 9320 14.13486242 9390 14.34827018 9460 14.52372099 9530 14.65532088 9600 14.41122543 9670 15.44065206 9740 15.00861668 9810 14.8697976 9880 14.72831747 9950 15.26895084 10020 14.97796106 10090 15.08056904 10160 14.83193456 10230 14.38292502 10300 15.04348414 10370 14.55858289 10440 15.12723227 10520 14.77581737 10590 14.56750262 10660 14.37781963 10730 14.48650317 10800 14.3860953 10870 14.21002855 10940 13.72538885 11010 14.09926835 11080 14.40755616 11150 14.15337726 11220 13.64063427 11290 13.73427557 11360 13.87222807 11430 13.79793188 11500 13.74745792 11570 13.56031197 11640 13.66838215 11710 13.66559229 11780 13.77957984 11850 13.88015896 11920 12.81705167 11990 13.16177168 12060 12.79252477 12130 13.30371674 12200 13.42682117 12270 13.95871371 12350 13.88603891 12420 13.70966218 12490 13.40087855 12560 13.90570915 12630 13.88142056 12710 14.09701018 12780 13.9294487 12850 14.16971831 12920 14.17586203