# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) foraminifera (°C) 422 14.7 464 15.9 531 16.5 597 15.5 661 15.4 724 14.9 786 16.1 846 16.4 904 14.7 962 15.4 1018 15.9 1073 15.8 1128 15.6 1181 16.3 1234 15.4 1285 15.5 1336 13 1386 13.9 1436 15.1 1485 14.7 1533 13.8 1581 15.4 1624 16.5 1629 15.7 1676 15.7 1723 15.7 1769 15.5 1815 18.5 1861 18.1 1907 17.8 1953 20.1 1998 18.8 2044 19 2089 19.3 2134 18.1 2180 18.4 2225 15 2271 17.9 2317 16.5 2363 19.6 2409 18.3 2511 16 2548 17.7 2595 18 2642 15.8 2690 14.7 2738 14.9 2786 14.9 2835 14.8 2884 13.2 2983 14.4 3033 14.7 3083 14.7 3134 14.4 3186 14.5 3237 14.4 3290 14.4 3342 15.1 3395 14.7 3449 14.5 3503 14.8 3558 14.2 3613 14.7 3668 14.3 3724 14.6 3780 15.4 3837 13.8 3894 15.1 3952 14.6 4010 12.9 4069 14.4 4128 14.6 4134 14.4 4187 14.3 4247 14.5 4307 14.4 4368 14.5 4429 14.6 4490 14.7 4552 14 4614 14.1 4677 14.9 4740 14.5 4867 14.3 4930 14.5 4994 14.5 5059 14.8 5123 14.5 5188 14.9 5253 14.6 5319 14.4 5384 16 5450 14.3 5516 14.8 5582 14.4 5648 14.7 5714 14.7 5780 15.5 5846 16 5913 15.3 5979 14.5 6046 15.3 6112 16.3 6178 16.8 6245 15.5 6311 15.6 6377 17.3 6443 16.8 6509 15.5 6575 14.5 6641 15.4 6706 14.6 6771 14.7 6901 13.8 6966 14.4 7030 10.2 7094 15.5 7158 15.3 7221 14 7284 15.6 7346 16 7408 17 7470 16.6 7531 15.6 7592 16.3 7652 18.5 7712 16.6 7771 15.4 7830 17.6 7888 15.8 7946 17.8 8003 15.7 8059 18.6 8115 13.6 8170 13.7 8225 16.1 8278 15.6 8332 14.9 8384 15.4 8436 15.8 8487 15.6 8537 14.8 8587 15.4 8635 16.3 8683 22.5 8731 17.9 8777 15.6 8823 15.7 8868 15.6 8912 14.1 8955 15.9 8997 15.4 9026 15.5 9030 15.2 9034 14.4 9039 13.6 9043 14.5 9047 15.9 9079 17.2 9119 19.9 9158 14.9 9196 14.7 9233 15.6 9270 14.3 9305 14.6 9340 15.6 9374 15.6 9406 14.7 9439 16.9 9470 15.4 9500 14.4 9529 14.5 9558 14.6 9586 14.3 9613 16.1 9639 14.9 9664 15.7 9669 13 9689 14.6 9713 14.7 9735 14.7 9758 16.5 9779 14.6 9800 14.5 9820 14.8 9839 15 9858 16.9 9876 14.7 9893 14.4 9909 15.6 9926 15.5 9941 14.2 9956 14 10084 15.7 9970 14.4 9984 17.7 9998 16.8 10011 20.5 10024 18.4 10036 18.2 10048 16.1 10060 15.4 10071 17 10082 16.7 10132 18.4 10150 17.4