# Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25890 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/routson2019/ProxyRecords/temperature/ # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere Holocene Latitudinal Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Routson, C.C.; McKay, N.P.; Kaufman, D.S.; Erb, M.P.; Goosse, H.; Shuman, B.N.; Rodysill, J.R.; Ault, T. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Composite latitude band (10S to 90N) temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere and tropics for the past 9,900 years, plus underlying proxy records. # Latitudinal temperature composites and proxy data and metadata are in Table S1. Mid-latitude hydroclimate proxy data and metadata are in Table S2. # # TableS1.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Data presented in Figure 3 including zonal temperature composites, latitudinal temperature gradient calculations, latitudinal insolation gradient, and mid-latitude hydroclimate composite # 4.) Raw temperature records as used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled by Site.Author.Year. These data include age and temperature reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts (e.g. Marcott et al., 2013) and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # # TableS2.xlsx contains: # 1.) metadata for each proxy record used in this analysis (PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL AUTHORS WHEN USING THEIR DATA). # 2.) Full references for each proxy record listed in the metadata tab # 3.) Site level hydroclimate records used in this study. Tabs/files are labeled Site.Author.PubYear. These data include age and hydroclimate reconstruction columns. # Some of these records were obtained from other syntheses efforts and the associated data (potentially not the original age model) are included here. # Site names with “*” indicate records that are calibrated in units of mm/yr. # # Proxy Abreviations: # nitrogen 15 isotopes/argon 40 isotopes (15N/40AR) # glycerol dialkyle glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) # long chain diol index (LDI) # magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) # tree-ring width (TRW) # carbon 13 isotopes (d13C) # oxygen 18 isotopes (d18O) # loss on ignition (LOI) # strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) # deuterium isotopes of leaf wax (dD) # records composed of two or more proxy types (hybrid) # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman, Michael P. Erb, Hugues Goosse, Bryan N. Shuman, Jessica R. Rodysill, Toby Ault # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-03-27 # Published_Title: Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1060-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1060-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The latitudinal temperature gradient between the Equator and the poles influences atmospheric stability, the strength of the jet stream and extratropical cyclones. Recent global warming is weakening the annual surface gradient in the Northern Hemisphere by preferentially warming the high latitudes; however, the implications of these changes for mid-latitude climate remain uncertain. Here we show that a weaker latitudinal temperature gradient - that is, warming of the Arctic with respect to the Equator - during the early to middle part of the Holocene coincided with substantial decreases in mid-latitude net precipitation (precipitation minus evapotranspiration, at 30 N to 50 N). We quantify the evolution of the gradient and of mid-latitude moisture both in a new compilation of Holocene palaeoclimate records spanning from 10 S to 90 N and in an ensemble of mid-Holocene climate model simulations. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that a weaker temperature gradient led to weaker mid-latitude westerly flow, weaker cyclones and decreased net terrestrial mid-latitude precipitation. Currently, the northern high latitudes are warming at rates nearly double the global average, decreasing the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient to values comparable with those in the early to middle Holocene. If the patterns observed during the Holocene hold for current anthropogenically forced warming, the weaker latitudinal temperature gradient will lead to considerable reductions in mid-latitude water resources. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Science Foundation Arizona Bisgrove Scholar # Grant: BP 0544-13 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1602105, EAR-1347221 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: USGS Climate and Land Use Program # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: # Southernmost_Latitude: # Easternmost_Longitude: # Westernmost_Longitude: # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: # Earliest_Year: # Most_Recent_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age (BP) d18O (°C) -45.14326041 10.8046 -27.42978123 10.3729 -9.716302047 9.82885 7.997177135 10.4012 25.71065632 9.71591 43.4241355 NaN 61.13761468 NaN 78.85109386 NaN 96.56457304 NaN 114.2780522 NaN 131.9915314 NaN 149.7050106 NaN 167.4184898 NaN 185.1319689 NaN 240.5347885 8.86001 372.4583902 9.48552 504.3819918 9.16069 636.3055935 9.74733 768.2291951 10.2489 900.1527967 10.3367 1032.076398 10.592 1164 10.721 1234.736842 NaN 1305.473684 NaN 1376.210526 NaN 1446.947368 NaN 1517.684211 NaN 1588.421053 NaN 1659.157895 9.33433 1729.894737 10.064 1800.631579 NaN 1871.368421 10.2041 1942.105263 NaN 2012.842105 10.9299 2083.578947 9.6313 2154.315789 10.376 2225.052632 9.83195 2295.789474 10.4529 2366.526316 10.6063 2437.263158 10.4869 2508 NaN 3047.2 10.7999 3586.4 10.2819 4125.6 10.2609 4664.8 9.13629 5204 10.0008 5453.4 9.91815 5702.8 10.1121 5952.2 10.1407 6201.6 9.47034 6451 10.1905 6553.1 NaN 6655.2 NaN 6757.3 NaN 6859.4 9.4912 6961.5 9.46619 7063.6 9.69839 7165.7 10.2093 7267.8 10.2623 7369.9 NaN 7472 NaN 7518.666667 10.9641 7565.333333 10.9637 7612 10.8787 7658.666667 10.8679 7705.333333 NaN 7752 10.8268 7798.666667 10.8005 7845.333333 10.7365 7892 10.7832 7963.235294 10.1034 8034.470588 10.7888 8105.705882 10.815 8176.941176 NaN 8248.176471 10.7686 8319.411765 10.3665 8390.647059 10.6561 8461.882353 10.5391 8533.117647 10.6358 8604.352941 10.5059 8675.588235 10.5582 8746.823529 10.4406 8818.058824 10.4614 8889.294118 10.5713 8960.529412 10.5752 9031.764706 10.5913 9103 NaN 9210.153846 10.6866 9317.307692 10.5167 9424.461538 10.4904 9531.615385 10.3985 9638.769231 10.7305 9745.923077 9.89663 9853.076923 10.2656 9960.230769 10.7622 10067.38462 10.1269 10174.53846 10.2624 10281.69231 9.87834 10388.84615 10.2048 10496 9.92885 10504.56522 10.3433 10513.13043 10.2889 10521.69565 10.5878 10530.26087 10.5973 10538.82609 10.2104 10547.3913 9.86407 10555.95652 10.2612 10564.52174 NaN 10573.08696 NaN 10581.65217 NaN 10590.21739 NaN 10598.78261 NaN 10607.34783 NaN 10615.91304 NaN 10624.47826 NaN 10633.04348 NaN 10641.6087 NaN 10650.17391 9.3701 10658.73913 NaN 10667.30435 10.0424 10675.86957 9.53962 10684.43478 9.673 10693 9.47659 10730 10.1363 10767 9.5821 10804 NaN 10841 NaN 10878 NaN 10915 NaN 10952 NaN 10989 NaN 11026 10.8465 11063 NaN 11100 NaN 11104.33333 NaN 11108.66667 NaN 11113 NaN 11117.33333 NaN 11121.66667 NaN 11126 NaN 11130.33333 NaN 11134.66667 NaN 11139 NaN 11143.33333 NaN 11147.66667 NaN 11152 NaN 11156.33333 NaN 11160.66667 NaN 11165 NaN 11187.92683 NaN 11210.85366 NaN 11233.78049 NaN 11256.70732 NaN 11279.63415 NaN 11302.56098 NaN 11325.4878 NaN 11348.41463 NaN 11371.34146 NaN 11394.26829 NaN 11417.19512 NaN 11440.12195 NaN 11463.04878 NaN 11485.97561 NaN 11508.90244 NaN 11531.82927 NaN 11554.7561 NaN 11577.68293 NaN 11600.60976 NaN 11623.53659 NaN 11646.46341 NaN 11669.39024 NaN 11692.31707 NaN 11715.2439 NaN 11738.17073 NaN 11761.09756 NaN 11784.02439 NaN 11806.95122 NaN 11829.87805 NaN 11852.80488 NaN 11875.73171 NaN 11898.65854 NaN 11921.58537 NaN 11944.5122 NaN 11967.43902 NaN 11990.36585 NaN