# China 530 Year Multiproxy May-September Precipitation Field Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23056 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/shi2017/fig4.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: precipitation #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-12-22 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2017-12-22 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: China 530 Year Multiproxy May-September Precipitation Field Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Shi, F.; Zhao, S.; Guo, Z.; Goosse, H.; Yin, Q. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Multiproxy precipitation field reconstructions for China over the past 531 years. # Data are available in Excel, netCDF, and text format, as follows: # 1. IGGPRE.1.0.anom.nc: China 531 Year Multiproxy Precipitation Reconstruction, netCDF format. See netCDF header below for contents # 2. itrdbmatrix.xlsx and itrdbmatrix.txt: the detrended and infilled version of 362 tree-ring chronologies, Excel and text formats # 3. oie_v1_3.m: the script for Optimal Information Extraction (OIE) version 1.3, Matlab script # 4. fig4_fig5_figs4.xlsx, fig4.txt, fig4sid.txt, fig4sia.txt, fig5lt.txt, fig5md.txt, fig5cent.txt: the data of Fig.4, Fig.5, and Fig.s4, Excel and text formats # 5. fig7.xlsx, fig7precip.txt, fig7precip-filt.txt: the reconstruction and model data of Fig.7, Excel and text formats # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Feng Shi, Sen Zhao, Zhengtang Guo, Hugues Goosse, and Qiuzhen Yin # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-12-22 # Published_Title: Multi-proxy reconstructions of May-September precipitation field in China over the past 500 years # Journal_Name: Climate of the Past # Volume: 13 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 1919-1938 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.5194/cp-13-1919-2017 # Online_Resource: https://www.clim-past.net/13/1919/2017/ # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The dominant modes of variability of precipitation for the whole of China over the past millennium and the mechanism governing their spatial structure remain unclear. This is mainly due to insufficient high-resolution proxy records of precipitation in western China. Numerous tree-ring chronologies have recently been archived in publicly available databases through PAGES2k activities, and these provide an opportunity to refine precipitation field reconstructions for China. Based on 479 proxy records, including 371 tree-ring width chronologies, a tree-ring isotope chronology, and 107 drought/flood indices, we reconstruct the precipitation field for China for the past half millennium using the optimal information extraction method. A total of 3631 of 4189 grid points in the reconstruction field passed the cross-validation process, accounting for 86.68% of the total number of grid points. The first leading mode of variability of the reconstruction shows coherent variations over most of China. The second mode is a north-south dipole in eastern China characterized by variations of the same sign in western China and northern China (except for Xinjiang province). It is likely controlled by the El Niņo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. The third mode is a "sandwich" triple mode in eastern China including variations of the same sign in western China and central China. The last two modes are reproduced by most of the six coupled climate models' last millennium simulations performed in the framework of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase III (PMIP3). In particular, the link of the second mode with ENSO is confirmed by the models. However, there is a mismatch between models and proxy reconstructions in the time development of different modes. This mismatch suggests the important role of internal variability in the reconstructed precipitation mode variations of the past 500 years. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China # Grant: National Key R&D Program of China 2016YFA0600504 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41505081, 41690114, 41430531 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: China # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>China # Country: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 52.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 20.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: 135.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: 74.0 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Shi2017precip # Earliest_Year: 1470 # Most_Recent_Year: 2000 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## age_CE age, , , CE, , , , ,N, ## precipCmo precipitation, tree ring width+documents, , mm/month, May-Sep, climate reconstructions,,,N, Whole China precipitation original data ## precipC precipitation, tree ring width+documents, , mm/day, May-Sep, climate reconstructions,,,N, Whole China precipitation original data ## precipWC precipitation, tree ring width+documents, , mm/day, May-Sep, climate reconstructions,,,N, Western China precipitation original data ## precipEC precipitation, tree ring width+documents, , mm/day, May-Sep, climate reconstructions,,,N, Eastern China precipitation original data # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_CE precipCmo precipC precipWC precipEC 1470 -11.0749 -0.3619 -0.4661 -0.2512 1471 -1.2659 -0.0414 -0.2317 0.1608 1472 -5.9897 -0.1957 -0.1892 -0.2027 1473 -0.9746 -0.0318 -0.1289 0.0717 1474 5.4809 0.1791 -0.0471 0.4207 1475 6.1673 0.2015 0.0046 0.4123 1476 -2.1714 -0.0710 -0.2441 0.1144 1477 8.4085 0.2748 0.0254 0.5419 1478 3.7903 0.1239 -0.1297 0.3956 1479 -7.3127 -0.2390 -0.1955 -0.2856 1480 -5.0350 -0.1645 -0.2860 -0.0344 1481 -8.8258 -0.2884 -0.3681 -0.2026 1482 4.1798 0.1366 -0.1162 0.4091 1483 -2.2008 -0.0719 -0.1336 -0.0055 1484 -10.8299 -0.3539 -0.3166 -0.3942 1485 1.2122 0.0396 -0.1303 0.2238 1486 -5.3870 -0.1760 -0.1679 -0.1848 1487 -9.4029 -0.3073 -0.1343 -0.4949 1488 -7.6256 -0.2492 -0.1902 -0.3132 1489 3.3063 0.1080 0.0848 0.1333 1490 -5.0755 -0.1659 -0.1853 -0.1448 1491 -0.3337 -0.0109 -0.0342 0.0143 1492 -4.5677 -0.1493 -0.2302 -0.0615 1493 1.5803 0.0516 -0.0142 0.1231 1494 1.0732 0.0351 -0.1458 0.2312 1495 -4.4305 -0.1448 -0.2219 -0.0611 1496 1.9204 0.0628 -0.0139 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1812 -0.7367 -0.0241 -0.1366 0.0992 1813 -8.4422 -0.2759 -0.2613 -0.2919 1814 -7.2962 -0.2384 -0.1458 -0.3399 1815 3.4246 0.1119 -0.0206 0.2570 1816 4.4463 0.1453 -0.0530 0.3625 1817 -3.7200 -0.1216 -0.2579 0.0277 1818 1.0713 0.0350 -0.2406 0.3368 1819 4.3919 0.1435 -0.2173 0.5387 1820 -7.4561 -0.2437 -0.3136 -0.1671 1821 1.7829 0.0583 -0.1793 0.3184 1822 8.1077 0.2650 -0.0769 0.6393 1823 7.3641 0.2407 -0.0988 0.6125 1824 -5.6001 -0.1830 -0.2958 -0.0595 1825 -2.5796 -0.0843 -0.0092 -0.1665 1826 6.1436 0.2008 0.0045 0.4158 1827 1.5769 0.0515 0.1010 -0.0026 1828 3.1911 0.1043 0.0066 0.2112 1829 6.7901 0.2219 0.0755 0.3822 1830 6.5125 0.2128 0.1665 0.2635 1831 8.4015 0.2746 0.0084 0.5661 1832 6.7366 0.2202 0.2429 0.1953 1833 6.7263 0.2198 -0.0553 0.5211 1834 5.3913 0.1762 -0.0126 0.3830 1835 -9.6562 -0.3156 -0.0571 -0.5986 1836 -4.8279 -0.1578 -0.0015 -0.3290 1837 2.4007 0.0785 -0.0521 0.2214 1838 0.9778 0.0320 -0.0451 0.1164 1839 9.7830 0.3197 0.1224 0.5358 1840 4.4999 0.1471 -0.0229 0.3332 1841 7.5930 0.2481 0.1226 0.3856 1842 3.7936 0.1240 -0.0715 0.3381 1843 3.6828 0.1204 -0.0416 0.2977 1844 7.1401 0.2333 -0.0575 0.5518 1845 2.0975 0.0685 0.0235 0.1178 1846 2.8447 0.0930 0.1715 0.0069 1847 -1.7451 -0.0570 0.0180 -0.1391 1848 14.2439 0.4655 0.2260 0.7277 1849 16.8391 0.5503 0.2160 0.9164 1850 2.7410 0.0896 0.0261 0.1590 1851 9.9082 0.3238 0.2100 0.4484 1852 4.2464 0.1388 0.0324 0.2553 1853 12.7654 0.4172 0.1566 0.7025 1854 3.0271 0.0989 0.0863 0.1128 1855 1.9917 0.0651 -0.0648 0.2074 1856 -2.7715 -0.0906 0.0841 -0.2818 1857 -5.3221 -0.1739 0.0527 -0.4221 1858 -4.8446 -0.1583 -0.1276 -0.1920 1859 -1.5856 -0.0518 -0.0267 -0.0794 1860 4.1960 0.1371 0.0230 0.2621 1861 -3.9278 -0.1284 -0.2500 0.0049 1862 2.6018 0.0850 -0.0084 0.1874 1863 3.6440 0.1191 0.0636 0.1798 1864 0.2086 0.0068 -0.0927 0.1158 1865 -2.9554 -0.0966 -0.1120 -0.0796 1866 1.8537 0.0606 -0.0984 0.2347 1867 0.2683 0.0088 -0.1286 0.1592 1868 5.7213 0.1870 -0.0979 0.4990 1869 5.5560 0.1816 -0.0719 0.4591 1870 2.9816 0.0974 -0.0180 0.2239 1871 7.9878 0.2610 -0.0278 0.5773 1872 7.2198 0.2359 -0.0231 0.5196 1873 2.3034 0.0753 -0.0633 0.2270 1874 -2.1085 -0.0689 -0.1653 0.0366 1875 -7.7848 -0.2544 -0.1536 -0.3648 1876 -2.9066 -0.0950 -0.0335 -0.1623 1877 -8.2345 -0.2691 -0.2409 -0.3000 1878 2.7968 0.0914 0.0947 0.0878 1879 2.4407 0.0798 -0.1300 0.3095 1880 -0.0157 -0.0005 -0.0843 0.0913 1881 6.1031 0.1994 0.0012 0.4165 1882 1.5515 0.0507 0.0391 0.0634 1883 8.0702 0.2637 0.1378 0.4017 1884 -0.8525 -0.0279 -0.2414 0.2060 1885 7.5076 0.2453 -0.1229 0.6487 1886 7.4738 0.2442 0.0915 0.4115 1887 3.7854 0.1237 -0.0090 0.2691 1888 9.8318 0.3213 0.1685 0.4886 1889 16.3103 0.5330 0.2123 0.8843 1890 10.5829 0.3458 0.1559 0.5539 1891 0.2195 0.0072 0.1203 -0.1168 1892 1.4833 0.0485 0.0030 0.0983 1893 5.5221 0.1805 0.0753 0.2957 1894 7.9091 0.2585 0.0924 0.4404 1895 -6.2323 -0.2037 -0.2888 -0.1104 1896 8.3901 0.2742 0.1565 0.4031 1897 3.0086 0.0983 -0.0665 0.2788 1898 3.1193 0.1019 0.0351 0.1751 1899 1.4961 0.0489 0.2793 -0.2034 1900 -7.5647 -0.2472 0.0009 -0.5189 1901 5.9752 0.1953 0.1380 0.2580 1902 -5.0966 -0.1666 0.0815 -0.4382 1903 9.0196 0.2948 0.3438 0.2411 1904 5.7014 0.1863 0.1858 0.1869 1905 3.3580 0.1097 0.2018 0.0090 1906 6.1043 0.1995 0.0350 0.3796 1907 -0.4919 -0.0161 0.0886 -0.1308 1908 4.3171 0.1411 -0.0177 0.3149 1909 6.8776 0.2248 -0.0154 0.4878 1910 3.0694 0.1003 -0.0301 0.2431 1911 11.7988 0.3856 0.0807 0.7195 1912 3.3510 0.1095 0.0272 0.1997 1913 0.8934 0.0292 0.0125 0.0475 1914 4.1326 0.1351 -0.1086 0.4019 1915 12.7907 0.4180 0.1042 0.7616 1916 -5.5273 -0.1806 -0.1378 -0.2275 1917 5.9701 0.1951 -0.1025 0.5210 1918 5.7191 0.1869 -0.1866 0.5959 1919 -3.5316 -0.1154 -0.1706 -0.0550 1920 -1.1568 -0.0378 -0.0276 -0.0490 1921 8.2644 0.2701 -0.0354 0.6047 1922 5.3253 0.1740 0.0497 0.3102 1923 6.6766 0.2182 -0.0259 0.4855 1924 8.3613 0.2732 0.1797 0.3757 1925 -4.0277 -0.1316 0.0397 -0.3193 1926 -0.7293 -0.0238 -0.1056 0.0657 1927 -5.4863 -0.1793 -0.2696 -0.0804 1928 -9.0732 -0.2965 -0.1089 -0.5020 1929 -6.0835 -0.1988 -0.0132 -0.4021 1930 -1.5446 -0.0505 -0.1152 0.0204 1931 12.6711 0.4141 0.0508 0.8120 1932 2.2077 0.0721 -0.0375 0.1922 1933 5.6863 0.1858 0.1804 0.1918 1934 -1.5778 -0.0516 -0.0405 -0.0637 1935 4.2955 0.1404 -0.0448 0.3431 1936 -5.0143 -0.1639 -0.0683 -0.2686 1937 7.7265 0.2525 0.0464 0.4782 1938 6.2271 0.2035 0.1364 0.2770 1939 -0.0270 -0.0009 0.0292 -0.0338 1940 -0.7483 -0.0245 -0.0650 0.0199 1941 -3.7022 -0.1210 -0.0386 -0.2112 1942 -4.0094 -0.1310 -0.0432 -0.2272 1943 4.4588 0.1457 0.1458 0.1456 1944 -4.0521 -0.1324 -0.1346 -0.1301 1945 -1.3238 -0.0433 -0.1311 0.0530 1946 4.0079 0.1310 -0.0210 0.2974 1947 6.7440 0.2204 0.0489 0.4082 1948 10.1264 0.3309 0.1595 0.5187 1949 14.6999 0.4804 0.2658 0.7154 1950 4.1386 0.1352 0.0184 0.2632 1951 -1.8381 -0.0601 0.0149 -0.1421 1952 6.1291 0.2003 0.1574 0.2473 1953 -2.9241 -0.0956 -0.3102 0.1395 1954 12.7365 0.4162 0.0971 0.7658 1955 0.0898 0.0029 -0.0232 0.0316 1956 9.2712 0.3030 0.0161 0.6172 1957 -0.5624 -0.0184 0.0878 -0.1346 1958 1.3543 0.0443 -0.0107 0.1045 1959 4.7278 0.1545 0.0095 0.3133 1960 -4.8826 -0.1596 -0.2052 -0.1096 1961 -1.3641 -0.0446 -0.1307 0.0497 1962 6.5089 0.2127 -0.1334 0.5917 1963 -2.1139 -0.0691 -0.1614 0.0320 1964 9.4543 0.3090 0.1300 0.5049 1965 -10.3367 -0.3378 -0.0863 -0.6132 1966 -8.3933 -0.2743 0.0258 -0.6029 1967 0.2458 0.0080 -0.0540 0.0760 1968 -0.9625 -0.0315 0.0204 -0.0883 1969 3.0361 0.0992 -0.1018 0.3194 1970 6.7395 0.2202 0.0471 0.4098 1971 -2.0521 -0.0671 -0.1112 -0.0187 1972 -13.4136 -0.4384 -0.1877 -0.7128 1973 14.9242 0.4877 0.2332 0.7664 1974 1.5540 0.0508 0.0512 0.0503 1975 3.7620 0.1229 -0.0832 0.3487 1976 0.4947 0.0162 0.0545 -0.0258 1977 4.3570 0.1424 0.1225 0.1642 1978 -6.2780 -0.2052 0.0922 -0.5308 1979 -1.2343 -0.0403 -0.0150 -0.0681 1980 -0.4001 -0.0131 0.0678 -0.1017 1981 -4.7968 -0.1568 0.1642 -0.5083 1982 -4.0577 -0.1326 -0.0954 -0.1734 1983 1.0222 0.0334 0.0796 -0.0171 1984 3.7335 0.1220 0.0536 0.1969 1985 1.8171 0.0594 0.0483 0.0715 1986 -2.8832 -0.0942 0.0883 -0.2941 1987 -0.7656 -0.0250 -0.0170 -0.0338 1988 1.1865 0.0388 0.1226 -0.0531 1989 -8.2895 -0.2709 -0.1166 -0.4398 1990 0.8355 0.0273 0.2342 -0.1992 1991 0.0042 0.0001 0.1234 -0.1349 1992 -9.1927 -0.3004 -0.1920 -0.4191 1993 6.6465 0.2172 0.1828 0.2548 1994 8.1268 0.2656 0.1333 0.4104 1995 -2.6191 -0.0856 -0.1165 -0.0517 1996 7.8654 0.2570 0.1657 0.3571 1997 -5.5410 -0.1811 0.0569 -0.4418 1998 10.6965 0.3496 0.2655 0.4416 1999 5.7770 0.1888 0.4506 -0.0980 2000 -2.9079 -0.0950 0.2087 -0.4276