# Reconstructed Asian Summer Precipitation (RAP) 1470-2013 CE
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 3.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
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# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24391
#       Description: 
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/shi2018/readme-shi2018.txt
#       Description:
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# Original_Source_URL:  
#       Description:
# 
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Climate Reconstructions  
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# Dataset_DOI:  
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# Parameter_Keywords: precipitation
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2018-07-14
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# File_Last_Modified_Date
#	Date: 2018-07-14
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: Reconstructed Asian Summer Precipitation (RAP) 1470-2013 CE
#--------------------
# Investigators
#	Investigators:  Shi, H.; Wang, B., Cook, E. R.; Liu, J.; Liu, F.
#--------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#	Description: Asian summer (June to August) precipitation field reconstruction based on tree ring chronologies 
#	and historical documentary records from 1470 to 2013 CE. 
#       Data is avaible in netCDF format: RAP_v1.nc. See netCDF header below for contents
#
#
# netcdf RAP_v1 {
# dimensions:
#         lon = 42 ;
#         lat = 33 ;
#         time = UNLIMITED ; // (544 currently)
# variables:
#         float lon(lon) ;
#                 lon:units = "degrees_east" ;
#                 lon:long_name = "Longitude" ;
#                 lon:range = 61.25f, 143.25f ;
#                 lon:axis = "X" ;
#         float lat(lat) ;
#                 lat:units = "degrees_north" ;
#                 lat:long_name = "Latitude" ;
#                 lat:range = -8.75f, 55.25f ;
#                 lat:axis = "Y" ;
#         float time(time) ;
#                 time:units = "years since 1470-1-1 0:0:0.0" ;
#                 time:long_name = "Time" ;
#                 time:range = 0.f, 543.f ;
#                 time:axis = "T" ;
#         float precip(time, lat, lon) ;
#                 precip:proxy = "453 tree-rings chronologies and 71 historical documentary records" ;
#                 precip:units = "mm" ;
#                 precip:long_name = "June-August total Precipitation" ;
#                 precip:_FillValue = 9.96921e+36f ;
# 
# // global attributes:
#                 :Version = "RAP.v1" ;
#                 :Title = "Reconstructed Asian summer Precipitation: 2.0x2.0" ;
#                 :History = "3:22 PM June 15 2018" ;
#                 :Institution = "University of Hawaii" ;
#                 :Citation = "Shi, H., Wang, B., Cook, E. R., Liu, J., Liu, F., 2018: Asian summer precipitation over the past 544 years reconstructed by merging tree rings and historical documentary records, Journal of Climate, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0003.1" ;
#                 :Repository = "NOAA NCDC" ;
#                 :Comment = "Reconstructed values end in AD 2013" ;
#
#--------------------
# Publication 
#	Authors: Hui Shi, Bin Wang, Edward R. Cook, Jian Liu, Fei Liu
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2018-07-12   
#	Published_Title: Asian summer precipitation over the past 544 years reconstructed by merging tree rings and historical documentary records 
#	Journal_Name: Journal of Climate
#	Volume: 
#	Edition: 
#	Issue: 
#	Pages:
#	Report_Number: 
#	DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0003.1
#	Online_Resource: https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0003.1
#	Full_Citation: 
#	Abstract: Sparse long-term Asian monsoon (AM) records have limited our ability to understand and accurately model low-frequency AM variability. Here we present a gridded 544-year (from AD 1470 to 2013) Reconstructed Asian summer Precipitation (RAP) dataset by weighted merging two complementary proxies including 453 tree ring width chronologies and 71 historical documentary records. The RAP dataset provides substantially improved data quality compared with single proxy-type reconstructions. Skillful reconstructions are obtained in East and North China, northern India and Pakistan, Indochina Peninsula, mid-latitude Asia, Maritime Continent, and southern Japan. The RAP faithfully illustrates large-scale regional rainfall variability but has more uncertainties in representing small-scale local rainfall anomalies. The RAP reproduces realistic climatology and captures well the year-to-year rainfall variability averaged over monsoon Asia, arid central Asia, and entire Asia during the 20th century. It also shows a general agreement with other proxies (speleothems and ice cores) during the period of 1470-1920. The RAP captures the remarkably abrupt change during the 1600s recorded in the upwelling proxy over the Arabian Sea. Four major modes of variability of the Asian summer precipitation are identified with the long record of RAP, including a biennial El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) mode, a low-frequency ENSO mode, a central Pacific El Nino-like decadal mode, and an interdecadal mode. In sum, the RAP provides a valuable dataset for study of the large-scale Asian summer precipitation variability, especially the decadal-centennial variability that are caused by the external forcing and internal feedback processes within the Earth climate system.
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: 
#	Grant: 
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# Site_Information 
#	Site_Name: Asia
#	Location: Asia
#	Country:  
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 55.25 
# 	Southernmost_Latitude: -8.75
# 	Easternmost_Longitude: 143.25
# 	Westernmost_Longitude: 61.25
# 	Elevation:  
#------------------
# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name: Shi2018RAP
#	Earliest_Year: 1470
#	Most_Recent_Year: 2013
#	Time_Unit: CE
#	Core_Length:  
#	Notes: 
#------------------
# Chronology_Information
#	Chronology: 
# 	
#----------------	
# Variables 
#
# Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, additional information) 
#
## age_CE	age, , , CE, , , , ,N,
## precip	precipitation, tree ring width+documents, , mm, Jun-Aug, climate reconstructions,,,N,	
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#----------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing_Values:  (Value used to flag missing data in the table below) 
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age_CE	precip