# Global Ocean Last Interglacial Sea Surface Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/26851 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/turney2019/turney2019lig-sst-djf.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: sea surface temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-07-03 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-07-03 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Global Ocean Last Interglacial Sea Surface Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Turney, C.S.M; Thomas, Z.A. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Compilation of published sea surface temperature reconstructions for the Last Interglacial interval (LIG; ~129,000-116,000 years before present). # Version: 11 April 2019 # Reconstructions of Last Interglacial annual (190 sites), December-January-February (DJF; 96 sites), or June-July-August (JJA; 89 sites) SST's. # For the DJF estimates, we have assumed a thermal equator of 5 degrees North, where sites above this latitude 'Summer' = JJA, and 'Winter' = DJF # Sites south of this line have 'Summer' (warmer temps) = DJF and 'Winter' (cooler temps) = JJA # # Notes: ***Drift correction has not been applied to the two coral sites! ***Drift correction could not be applied to four sites in a land box when located using OFES. # # Summary annual SST estimates from the LIG (global and laititudinal averages): # # Annual sea surface temperatures (global and latitudinal averages) # # Annual SSTs, C Global Average SST Tropics (-23.5 to 23.5) North of 45N South of 45S North of 50N South of 50S # Uncorrected 0.38 -0.24 2.15 0.44 3.15 2.9 # 30-day drift 0.39 -0.17 1.75 1.06 2.63 2.95 # Uncertainty (1sd) 0.12 0.19 0.37 0.35 0.38 1.14 # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Turney, C.S.M; Thomas, Z.A. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019, submitted # Published_Title: # Journal_Name: Scientific Data # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Global Ocean # Location: Global # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 90 # Southernmost_Latitude: -90 # Easternmost_Longitude: 180 # Westernmost_Longitude: -180 # Elevation: 0 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Turney2019LIGSST # Earliest_Year: 129000 # Most_Recent_Year: 116000 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- Site Name/Core Latitude (decimal) Longitude (decimal) Method of temperature estimate LIG DJF temp estimate ±1 sd 30 days mean temp along trajectory minus mean temp at site SST 1981-2010 DJF ('Modern') DJF LIG - modern (no drift) ±1 sd DJF LIG - modern - 30 day drift ±1 sd References PS58/271-1 -61.24 -116.47 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 2.4 0.9 -0.4 3.4 -1.00 0.90 -0.56 0.90 "Esper, O., & Gersonde, R. New tools for the reconstruction of Pleistocene Antarctic sea ice. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 399, 260-283 (2014)" PS2603-3 -58.99 37.63 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 3.2 0.7 0.0 1.3 1.92 0.66 1.94 0.66 "Bianchi, C. & Gersonde, R. The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 187, 151-177 (2002)" PS2305-6 -58.72 -33.04 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.7 -0.30 0.66 -0.08 0.66 "Bianchi, C. & Gersonde, R. The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 187, 151-177 (2002)" MD 84-551 -55.00 73.28 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 5.2 1.0 -0.3 2.2 2.96 1.00 3.30 1.00 "Pichon, J. J. et al. Surface water temperature changes in the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere over the Last Glacial-Interglacial Cycle. Paleoceanography 7, 289-318 (1992)." PS2276-4 -54.64 -23.95 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 2.4 0.7 -0.4 2.3 0.10 0.66 0.53 0.66 "Bianchi, C. & Gersonde, R. The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 187, 151-177 (2002)" V18 - 68 -54.55 -77.85 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 9.4 1.4 0.3 8.1 1.30 1.40 0.99 1.40 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" ODP 177 Site 1094 -53.18 5.13 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 2.2 0.7 -0.6 1.7 0.55 0.66 1.15 0.66 "Bianchi, C. & Gersonde, R. The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 187, 151-177 (2002)" PS2102-2 -53.07 -4.99 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 2.8 0.7 -0.3 1.8 0.95 0.66 1.27 0.66 "Bianchi, C. & Gersonde, R. The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 187, 151-177 (2002)" PS1768-8 -52.59 4.48 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 2.9 0.9 -0.5 2.2 0.72 0.90 1.17 0.90 "Esper, O., & Gersonde, R. New tools for the reconstruction of Pleistocene Antarctic sea ice. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 399, 260-283 (2014)" PS1778-5 -49.00 -12.70 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 6.7 1.2 -0.3 5.8 0.92 1.20 1.26 1.20 "Brathauer, U. & Abelmann, A. Late Quaternary variations in sea surface temperatures and their relationship to orbital forcing recorded in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector). Paleoceanography 14, 135-148 (1999)" E49 - 17 /ELT49.017-PC -48.28 -90.25 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 8.5 1.5 -0.5 10.1 -1.61 1.50 -1.16 1.50 "Howard, W. R. & Prell, W. L. Late Quaternary CaCO3 production and preservation in the Southern Ocean: Implications for oceanic and atmospheric carbon cycling. Paleoceanography 9, 453-482 (1994); Howard, W. R. & Prell, W. L. Late Quaternary surface circulation of the southern Indian Ocean and its relationship to orbital variations. Paleoceanography 7, 79-117 (1992)." PS1754-1 -46.77 7.61 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 5.4 1.2 -1.3 7.3 -1.92 1.20 -0.66 1.20 "Niebler, H. S. Reconstruction of paleo-environmental parameters using stable isotopes and faunal assemblages of planktonic foraminifera in the South Atlantic Ocean. Ber. Polarforschung 167, 1-198 (1995)" PS1752-1 -45.62 9.60 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 6.1 1.2 -1.1 8.3 -2.25 1.20 -1.14 1.20 "Brathauer, U. Rekonstruktion quartärer Klimaänderungen im atlantischen Sektor des Su?dpolarmeeres anhand von Radiolarien= Radiolarians as indicators for Quaternary climatic changes in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector), Universität Bremen, (1996)." E49-18 -45.06 -90.17 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 8.5 1.4 -0.6 11.8 -3.31 1.40 -2.67 1.40 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" E45-29 -44.88 -106.52 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 8.5 1.6 -0.7 12.5 -3.95 1.60 -3.24 1.60 "Howard, W. R. & Prell, W. L. Late Quaternary CaCO3 production and preservation in the Southern Ocean: Implications for oceanic and atmospheric carbon cycling. Paleoceanography 9, 453-482 (1994); Howard, W. R. & Prell, W. L. Late Quaternary surface circulation of the southern Indian Ocean and its relationship to orbital variations. Paleoceanography 7, 79-117 (1992)." RC11 - 120 -43.87 80.45 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 13.6 1.5 -1.3 11.9 1.69 1.50 3.01 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" MD 84-527 -43.82 51.32 Diatoms (Transfer Function) 7.4 1.0 -1.7 10.0 -2.69 1.00 -0.97 1.00 "Pichon, J. J. et al. Surface water temperature changes in the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere over the Last Glacial-Interglacial Cycle. Paleoceanography 7, 289-318 (1992)." MD73 - 025 -43.82 50.32 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 5.9 1.4 -1.9 9.8 -3.95 1.40 -2.04 1.40 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" PS2082-1 (PS18/238) -43.22 11.74 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 13.0 1.2 -1.3 10.7 2.30 1.20 3.61 1.20 "Brathauer, U. & Abelmann, A. Late Quaternary variations in sea surface temperatures and their relationship to orbital forcing recorded in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector). Paleoceanography 14, 135-148 (1999); Brathauer, U. Rekonstruktion quartärer Klimaänderungen im atlantischen Sektor des Su?dpolarmeeres anhand von Radiolarien= Radiolarians as indicators for Quaternary climatic changes in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector), Universität Bremen, (1996)." V22-108 -43.18 -3.25 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 11.7 1.4 -0.9 10.6 1.08 1.40 1.99 1.40 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC8 - 39 -42.88 42.35 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 9.6 1.1 -0.3 12.7 -3.10 1.10 -2.82 1.10 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" PS2489-2 -42.87 8.97 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 10.5 1.0 -1.3 11.3 -0.84 1.00 0.49 1.00 "Becquey, S. & Gersonde, R. Past hydrographic and climatic changes in the Subantarctic Zone of the South Atlantic – The Pleistocene record from ODP Site 1090. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 182, 221-239 (2002); Becquey, S. & Gersonde, R. A 0.55-Ma paleotemperature record from the Subantarctic zone: Implications for Antarctic Circumpolar Current development. Paleoceanography 18, doi: 10.1029/2000PA000576 (2003)" PS2076-1/3 -41.15 13.47 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 17.4 1.0 -0.3 14.3 3.15 1.00 3.44 1.00 "Niebler, H. S. Reconstruction of paleo-environmental parameters using stable isotopes and faunal assemblages of planktonic foraminifera in the South Atlantic Ocean. Ber. Polarforschung 167, 1-198 (1995)" ODP 177 Site 1089 / TN057-21 & PS2821 -40.93 9.89 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 18.0 1.2 -0.4 13.9 4.11 1.20 4.54 1.20 "Cortese, G., Abelmann, A. & Gersonde, R. The last five glacial-interglacial transitions: A high-resolution 450,000-year record from the subantarctic Atlantic. Paleoceanography 22, PA4203 (2007)" RC15 - 61 -40.62 -77.20 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 12.6 1.8 -0.3 16.0 -3.37 1.80 -3.06 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC12 - 294 -37.27 -10.10 Coccolithophore Assemblage (Transfer Function) 19.3 1.8 -0.8 17.2 2.18 1.80 2.97 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC11 - 86 -35.78 18.45 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 19.9 1.8 0.6 20.3 -0.36 1.80 -0.91 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" GeoB 1312 -32.00 -30.00 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 22.5 0.8 -0.4 22.3 0.15 0.80 0.54 0.80 "Hale, W. & Pflaumann, U. in Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography 69-90, Springer (1999)" GeoB 1309 -32.00 -29.00 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 21.7 0.1 -0.3 22.4 -0.65 0.10 -0.36 0.10 "Hale, W. & Pflaumann, U. in Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography 69-90, Springer (1999)" RC17 - 69 -31.50 32.60 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 24.6 1.1 0.3 24.6 -0.04 1.10 -0.37 1.10 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC13-229 -25.50 11.30 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 21.3 1.8 -0.2 20.6 0.68 1.80 0.87 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC13 - 228 -22.33 11.20 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 18.3 1.8 -0.3 20.5 -2.16 1.80 -1.87 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" GL-77 -21.21 -40.05 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Artificial Neural Network) 26.5 1.0 -1.1 26.1 0.38 1.00 1.45 1.00 "Petro, S. M., Pivel, M. A. G. & Coimbra, J. C. Paleoceanographic changes through the last 130 ka in the western South Atlantic based on planktonic foraminfera. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 19, 3-14 (2016)" V28-345 -17.67 117.95 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 27.6 1.1 0.1 28.7 -1.11 1.10 -1.25 1.10 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V19-53 -17.02 -113.52 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 29.3 1.5 -0.1 25.5 3.80 1.50 3.88 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC17 - 98 -13.22 65.62 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 27.4 1.1 0.3 28.2 -0.77 1.10 -1.07 1.10 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V22-174 -10.07 -12.82 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 26.2 1.2 0.2 25.3 0.89 1.20 0.66 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V22-38 -9.55 -34.25 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 27.2 1.8 -0.4 27.9 -0.67 1.80 -0.28 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC11-230 -8.80 -110.80 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 26.8 1.8 -0.6 25.4 1.40 1.80 1.96 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" GeoB 2204 -8.53 -34.02 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 27.6 0.1 -0.9 27.9 -0.28 0.10 0.64 0.10 "Hale, W. & Pflaumann, U. in Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography 69-90, Springer (1999)" RC24-16 -5.04 -10.19 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 26.6 1.3 -0.8 26.4 0.17 1.25 1.01 1.25 "McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" V25-56 -3.55 -35.23 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Revised Analog Method) 27.2 1.5 -0.9 27.7 -0.46 1.50 0.44 1.50 "Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L., Duplessy, J. C., Guiot, J., Labracherie, M., Leclaire, H., & Duprat, J. Improving past sea surface temperature estimates based on planktonic fossil faunas. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 13(3), 272-283 (1998)" RC13 - 205 -2.28 5.18 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 26.8 1.3 2.2 27.8 -0.97 1.30 -3.15 1.30 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V22-182 -0.55 -17.27 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 23.3 1.8 2.4 26.8 -3.57 1.80 -5.95 1.80 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" A180-73 0.00 -0.38 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 26.7 0.9 3.3 28.1 -1.36 0.90 -4.64 0.90 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V30-40 0.22 -23.07 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 25.7 1.5 1.5 27.1 -1.44 1.50 -2.97 1.50 "McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" RC10 - 65 0.68 -108.62 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 25.9 1.5 3.2 24.6 1.27 1.50 -1.91 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V28-238 1.02 160.48 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 29.6 1.5 -0.3 29.3 0.32 1.50 0.58 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V25-59 1.22 -33.29 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Revised Analog Method) 27.7 0.7 -0.4 27.4 0.26 0.70 0.62 0.70 "Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L., Duplessy, J. C., Guiot, J., Labracherie, M., Leclaire, H., & Duprat, J. Improving past sea surface temperature estimates based on planktonic fossil faunas. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 13(3), 272-283 (1998)" RC11-210 1.82 -140.05 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 27.5 1.5 0.5 26.1 1.40 1.50 0.93 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" GeoB 1523-1 3.83 -41.62 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 27.1 1.0 -1.2 27.5 -0.40 1.00 0.82 1.00 "Wolff, T., Grieger, B., Hale, W., Dürkoop, A., Mulitza, S., Pätzold, J., & Wefer, G. On the reconstruction of paleosalinities. In Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography (pp. 207-228). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (1999)" V29-29 5.12 77.58 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 25.5 1.3 -0.9 28.2 -2.66 1.30 -1.75 1.30 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC12 - 339 9.13 90.03 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 25.9 1.3 -0.6 27.9 -2.02 1.30 -1.38 1.30 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V28-127 11.65 -80.13 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 24.9 1.2 -1.0 27.4 -2.54 1.20 -1.59 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" MD97-2142 12.69 119.47 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 26.1 2.3 -2.4 27.4 -1.31 2.30 1.09 2.30 "Chen, M.-T. et al. 500 000-Year records of carbonate, organic carbon, and foraminiferal sea-surface temperature from the southeastern South China Sea (near Palawan Island). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 197, 113-131 (2003)" V22-196 13.83 -18.97 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 21.6 1.2 1.0 23.5 -1.86 1.20 -2.87 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" GIK17954-2 14.80 111.53 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 24.6 1.5 0.2 25.3 -0.71 1.50 -0.90 1.50 "Wang, L. et al. East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea. Marine Geology 156, 245-284 (1999)" V34-88 16.52 59.53 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 24.6 1.1 -0.6 25.4 -0.85 1.10 -0.29 1.10 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V12-122 17.00 -74.40 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 24.1 1.5 -1.1 27.2 -3.10 1.50 -1.99 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" M35027-1 17.65 -67.17 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 23.8 1.0 -0.9 26.9 -3.07 1.00 -2.16 1.00 "Hüls, M. & Zahn, R. Millennial?scale sea surface temperature variability in the western tropical North Atlantic from planktonic foraminiferal census counts. Paleoceanography 15, 659-678 (2000)" V30-49 18.43 -21.08 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 17.9 1.5 -0.5 22.3 -4.40 1.50 -3.95 1.50 "McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" TR126 - 23 20.48 -95.62 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 21.0 1.0 -0.5 23.9 -2.88 1.00 -2.34 1.00 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" ODP 658 20.75 -18.58 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 15.7 1.5 0.3 20.6 -4.81 1.50 -5.09 1.50 "Eglinton, G. et al. Molecular record of secular sea surface temperature changes on 100-year timescales for glacial terminations I, II and IV. Nature 356, 423-426 (1992)" TR126 - 29 21.33 -93.95 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 21.6 1.0 -0.6 24.2 -2.62 1.00 -2.05 1.00 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" M12392 - 1 25.17 -16.85 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 15.6 1.3 -0.5 19.9 -4.33 1.30 -3.88 1.30 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V25-21 26.40 -45.45 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 22.0 1.5 -0.2 23.0 -1.04 1.50 -0.85 1.50 "McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" GIK15637 27.01 -18.99 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 19.5 1.5 -0.3 20.4 -0.93 1.50 -0.63 1.50 "Kiefer, T. Produktivität und Temperaturen im subtropischen Nordatlantik: zyklische und abrupte Veränderungen im späten Quartär PhD thesis, Christian-Albrechts-Universität (1998)" V28-304 28.53 134.13 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 18.7 1.3 0.7 21.1 -2.40 1.30 -3.13 1.30 "Heusser, L. & Morley, J. Monsoon fluctuation over the past 350 kyr: High-resolution evidence from northeast Asia/northwest Pacific climate proxies (marine pollen and radiolarians). Quaternary Science Reviews 16, 565-581 (1997)" RC8 - 145 33.58 -62.38 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 17.3 1.2 1.2 20.1 -2.75 1.20 -3.98 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V32-126 35.32 177.92 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 17.6 2.5 0.6 15.8 1.84 2.50 1.23 2.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" ODP 976 36.21 -4.31 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 13.9 1.5 -0.8 16.2 -2.34 1.50 -1.56 1.50 "González-Donoso, J. M., Serrano, F. & Linares, D. Sea surface temperature during the Quaternary at ODP Sites 976 and 975 (western Mediterranean). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 162, 17-44 (2000)" V32-128 36.46 177.16 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 17.2 2.5 0.8 14.9 2.31 2.50 1.50 2.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" RC14 - 99 36.97 147.93 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 7.4 1.3 1.9 15.7 -8.32 1.30 -10.19 1.30 "Heusser, L. & Morley, J. Monsoon fluctuation over the past 350 kyr: High-resolution evidence from northeast Asia/northwest Pacific climate proxies (marine pollen and radiolarians). Quaternary Science Reviews 16, 565-581 (1997)" V21-146 37.68 163.03 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 17.0 2.4 1.5 14.4 2.59 2.40 1.11 2.40 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" ODP 975 38.52 4.52 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 16.0 0.9 -0.6 15.3 0.73 0.93 1.30 0.93 "González-Donoso, J. M., Serrano, F. & Linares, D. Sea surface temperature during the Quaternary at ODP Sites 976 and 975 (western Mediterranean). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 162, 17-44 (2000)" RC14 - 105 39.68 157.55 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 9.7 1.3 2.0 11.6 -1.91 1.30 -3.87 1.30 "Heusser, L. & Morley, J. Monsoon fluctuation over the past 350 kyr: High-resolution evidence from northeast Asia/northwest Pacific climate proxies (marine pollen and radiolarians). Quaternary Science Reviews 16, 565-581 (1997)" V30 - 97 41.00 -32.93 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 14.4 1.2 -0.1 16.2 -1.82 1.20 -1.71 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" CH69-09 41.75 -47.35 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Revised Analog Method) 11.3 1.6 0.6 13.5 -2.23 1.60 -2.87 1.60 "Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L., Duplessy, J. C., Guiot, J., Labracherie, M., Leclaire, H., & Duprat, J. Improving past sea surface temperature estimates based on planktonic fossil faunas. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 13(3), 272-283 (1998)" D117 42.10 -52.75 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 12.5 1.2 0.5 9.5 3.04 1.20 2.53 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" Y72-11-1 43.25 -126.38 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 10.1 2.4 -0.3 10.7 -0.53 2.40 -0.23 2.40 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V29 - 179 44.00 -24.53 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 14.6 1.2 0.3 14.3 0.30 1.20 -0.01 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V20-120 47.40 167.75 Radiolaria Assemblage (Transfer Function) 1.5 1.3 -0.1 3.8 -2.31 1.30 -2.17 1.30 "Heusser, L. & Morley, J. Monsoon fluctuation over the past 350 kyr: High-resolution evidence from northeast Asia/northwest Pacific climate proxies (marine pollen and radiolarians). Quaternary Science Reviews 16, 565-581 (1997)" K708-001 50.00 -23.73 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 12.0 1.2 0.8 11.8 0.20 1.20 -0.58 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984); McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" V23-82 52.58 -21.93 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 8.6 1.5 0.8 10.6 -2.00 1.50 -2.77 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V27-116 52.83 -30.33 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 9.5 1.5 0.5 8.6 0.87 1.50 0.35 1.50 "McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" M23414 53.54 -20.29 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 10.7 1.5 0.7 10.4 0.25 1.50 -0.45 1.50 "Bashirova, L. D., Kandiano, E. S., Sivkov, V. V. & Bauch, H. A. Migrations of the North Atlantic Polar front during the last 300 ka: Evidence from planktic foraminiferal data. Oceanology 54, 798-807 (2014)" K708-7 53.93 -24.08 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 10.8 1.5 1.0 9.6 1.13 1.50 0.14 1.50 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984); McIntyre, A., Ruddiman, W. F., Karlin, K. & Mix, A. C. Surface water response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean to orbital forcing. Paleoceanography 4, 19-55 (1989); Imbrie, J., McIntyre, A. & Mix, A. in Climate and Geo-sciences, 121-164 (Springer, 1989)" V27-20 54.00 -46.20 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 6.6 1.2 -0.2 4.7 1.88 1.20 2.05 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" MD03-2664 57.44 -48.61 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 5.1 0.9 0.7 3.4 1.72 0.89 1.07 0.89 "Irval?, N. et al. Evidence for regional cooling, frontal advances, and East Greenland Ice Sheet changes during the demise of the last interglacial. Quaternary Science Reviews 150, 184-199 (2016)" P-013 58.93 -48.36 Dinoflagellate Cyst Assemblage (Transfer Function) 4.3 1.6 0.7 3.1 1.21 1.60 0.50 1.60 "Hillaire-Marcel, C., de Vernal, A., Bilodeau, G. & Weaver, A. J. Absence of deep-water formation in the Labrador Sea during the last interglacial period. Nature 410, 1073-1077 (2001)" AMK-4438 59.53 -17.93 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 7.7 1.9 0.9 8.9 -1.23 1.85 -2.12 1.85 "Bashirova, L. D., Kandiano, E. S., Sivkov, V. V. & Bauch, H. A. Migrations of the North Atlantic Polar front during the last 300 ka: Evidence from planktic foraminiferal data. Oceanology 54, 798-807 (2014)" AMK-4442 59.53 -21.85 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 10.4 1.0 0.9 8.7 1.68 0.96 0.78 0.96 "Lukashina, N. P. & Bashirova, L. D. Deep water masses in the Iceland Basin during the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e): Evidence from benthic foraminiferal data. Oceanologia 57, 212-221 (2015)" EW9302- 8JPC 61.00 -25.00 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Modern Analogue Technique) 9.7 1.5 0.6 7.8 1.90 1.50 1.32 1.50 "Oppo, D. W., Horowitz, M. & Lehman, S. J. Marine core evidence for reduced deep water production during Termination II followed by a relatively stable substage 5e (Eemian). Paleoceanography 12, 51-63 (1997)" V28 - 14 64.78 -29.57 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 8.4 1.2 0.7 5.6 2.81 1.20 2.07 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V27-86 66.60 1.12 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 6.3 1.2 0.7 6.3 0.01 1.20 -0.66 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)" V28-56 68.03 -6.12 Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage (Transfer Function) 0.8 1.2 0.5 3.1 -2.32 1.20 -2.78 1.20 "CLIMAP. The Last Interglacial ocean. Quaternary Research 21, 123-224 (1984)"