# Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas 64,000 Year Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 2.0 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21490 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/atlantic/abaco2017dc-03.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Speleothems # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes, geochemistry #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-02-14 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas 64,000 Year Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Arienzo, M.M.; Swart, P.K.; Broad, K.; Clement, A.C.; Pourmand, A.; Kakuk, B. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Speleothem stable isotope (d18O, d13C) and geochemical (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca) data from stalagmites collected in # Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas for the past 64,000 years. Geochemical data builds upon previous study by Arienzo et al. 2015 EPSL. # From this study: AB-DC-01 and AB-DC-03 overlap with AB-DC-09. AB-DC-12 extends the record to 64 kyr. # Provided Keywords: Speleothem, Heinrich event, stable isotope, Bahamas #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Monica M. Arienzo, Peter K. Swart, Kenny Broad, Amy C. Clement, Ali Pourmand, Brian Kakuk # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-06-15 (in press) # Published_Title: Multi-proxy evidence of millennial climate variability from multiple Bahamian speleothems # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.​1016/​j.​quascirev.​2017.​02.​004 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Northern Hemisphere tropical paleoclimate records support significant changes associated with Dansgaard Oeschger (D/O) events and Heinrich stadials 1 to 6 during the last 64,000 years. However, few absolutely dated terrestrial records from the western Atlantic span the last six Heinrich stadials. Here we present geochemical results from three new stalagmites collected from a cave in the Bahamas which encompass Heinrich stadials 1 to 6. We build on a previous study of the d13C and d18O values of the calcite and d18O value of fluid inclusions from a single stalagmite from the same cave spanning the last three Heinrich stadials. Absolute geochronometry using U-Th equilibrium series demonstrates that the stalagmites formed between 63.8 to 13.8 kyr BP. The d13C and d18O values of the calcite show higher values associated with Heinrich stadials 1-6, and lower values during the D/O interstadial events. The Sr/Ca ratios of the calcite are shown to be relatively invariant, while in two of the samples the Mg/Ca ratios track the d13C values. Increases in the d18O values across Heinrich stadials 1-6 are interpreted as being driven by lower temperatures. The two deeper occurring stalagmites demonstrate increased Mg/Ca ratios and d13C values during Heinrich stadials 1 and 2 which are interpreted as a signal of reduced flow rates in the epikarst and increased water/rock interactions as a result of increased aridity which potentially occurred across all six Heinrich stadials. The observed reductions in mean annual temperature and amount of precipitation across Heinrich stadials are proposed to be driven by a reduction in sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic and an expanded Bermuda High. During D/O interstadials, the Bahamas cave records likely indicate warmer and/or wetter climate; however the isotopic shifts are not as significant as the isotopic excursions associated with Heinrich stadials. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Monica M. Arienzo, Peter K. Swart, Ali Pourmand, Kenny Broad, Amy C. Clement, Lisa N. Murphy, Hubert B. Vonhof, Brian Kakuk # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-11-15 # Published_Title: Bahamian speleothem reveals temperature decrease associated with Heinrich stadials # Journal_Name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters # Volume: 430 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 377-386 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.035 # Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X15005610 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Temperature reconstructions across Heinrich stadials 1-3 are presented from an absolute-dated speleothem from Abaco Island in the Bahamas to understand the nature of climate change across these intervals in the subtropical Atlantic. The stalagmite carbonate record, dated by the U-Th geochronometry technique, includes higher d18O and d13C values within Heinrich stadials 1, 2, and 3 followed by rapid declines at the end of the stadials. To aid in the interpretation of these results, the d18O of fluid inclusions associated with the Heinrich stadials were also analyzed. These measurements, which allowed for the relative influence of temperature and d18O of precipitation to be distinguished, demonstrate minimal changes in the d18O of fluid inclusions, suggesting that changes in the d18O values of the speleothem carbonate associated with Heinrich stadials 1-3 are principally driven by an average ~4C temperature decrease, rather than a change in the d18O of the rainfall (hence rainfall amount). These findings support previous work in the North Atlantic and are consistent with the climate response to a weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1103489, 1304540 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Abaco Island Cave # Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean>Caribbean Sea>Bahamas # Country: Bahamas # Northernmost_Latitude: 26.23 # Southernmost_Latitude: 26.23 # Easternmost_Longitude: -77.16 # Westernmost_Longitude: -77.16 # Elevation: -16.5 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Abaco2017DC-03 # First_Year: 15704 # Last_Year: 14308 # Time_Unit: cal. yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Sample Id Distance from Top 238U (95% CI) 232Th (95% CI) [230Th/238U] (95% CI) [230Th/232Th] (95% CI) Uncorr. Age (95% CI) [234U/238U] initial (95% CI) Corr. Age (95% CI) # um (ppb) ± (ppb) ± (activity) ± (activity) ± (y) ± (corrected activity) ± (y) ± # DC-01 5000 112.994 0.087 2.190 0.180 0.2069 0.0037 32.7 2.74 27397 555 0.93 0.00259 24,604 755 # DC-01 8000 182.614 0.104 0.531 0.016 0.2128 0.0011 223.7 6.84 26024 138 1.004 0.00254 25,640 148 # DC-01 17000 316.354 0.174 0.402 0.039 0.23 0.0012 555.3 54.07 27798 144 1.025 0.00265 27,634 145 # DC-01 36000 335.15 0.17 0.597 0.005 0.2339 0.0011 401.4 3.86 28311 130 1.025 0.00261 28,081 136 # DC-01 45000 347.287 0.212 0.316 0.006 0.2363 0.0011 792.7 16.24 28431 127 1.032 0.00268 28,315 129 # # DC-03 8000 566.682 0.265 2.312 0.019 0.1305 0.0006 97.7 0.9 14925 60 1.022 0.00244 14,396 103 # DC-03 48000 355.148 0.204 3.257 0.023 0.1377 0.0006 45.9 0.38 15745 65 1.026 0.00254 14,556 202 # DC-03 138000 349.702 0.161 1.345 0.021 0.1319 0.0006 104.9 1.69 15266 57 1.012 0.00245 14,762 98 # DC-03 150000 358.728 0.19 0.437 0.004 0.1347 0.0005 337.9 3.54 15478 51 1.02 0.00248 15,320 56 # DC-03 178000 389.329 0.183 0.874 0.018 0.1373 0.0006 187 3.98 15804 65 1.019 0.00244 15,513 80 # # DC-12 14000 775.204 0.422 2.575 0.016 0.2914 0.0011 268.1 1.92 37148 144 1.011 0.00264 36,712 159 # DC-12 53000 260.535 0.163 0.490 0.002 0.3022 0.0014 490.8 2.88 39247 190 1.001 0.0027 38,999 191 # DC-12 84000 361.556 0.174 1.420 0.019 0.3204 0.0012 249.3 3.48 42059 164 1.003 0.00263 41,539 180 # DC-12 101000 395.053 0.351 0.311 0.002 0.3261 0.0014 1266.5 9.18 42500 192 1.012 0.0029 42,397 191 # DC-12 133000 624.8 0.29 0.271 0.007 0.3309 0.0013 2330.9 58.92 43035 164 1.017 0.00267 42,979 164 # DC-12 167000 301.034 0.192 0.390 0.004 0.336 0.0015 792 8.53 44287 219 1.008 0.00281 44,117 219 # DC-12 193000 612.42 0.275 0.240 0.006 0.3395 0.0013 2654.1 72.22 44444 174 1.017 0.00263 44,394 174 # DC-12 215000 330.759 0.2 0.553 0.031 0.3532 0.0014 646.8 36.18 47031 206 1.01 0.00282 46,812 209 # DC-12 225000 537.129 0.295 1.247 0.014 0.3648 0.0014 480.3 5.73 48713 205 1.015 0.00279 48,410 211 # DC-12 228000 319.361 0.159 0.398 0.008 0.3762 0.0015 921.8 18.78 50999 213 1.009 0.00276 50,836 215 # DC-12 230000 300.241 0.191 0.838 0.033 0.384 0.0017 420.8 16.65 52327 269 1.009 0.00287 51,960 274 # DC-12 235000 224.135 0.122 0.250 0.023 0.4072 0.0017 1118.4 101.68 56846 276 1.004 0.00298 56,699 277 # DC-12 240000 375.277 0.219 0.937 0.003 0.4202 0.0022 514.2 3.2 57771 368 1.025 0.00285 57,449 371 # DC-12 256000 209.07 0.104 0.691 0.019 0.4249 0.0017 393.2 10.86 60592 295 0.997 0.00292 60,153 302 # DC-12 272000 262.334 0.164 0.286 0.014 0.4445 0.002 1247.8 61.52 62474 334 1.022 0.00293 62,333 335 # DC-12 288000 338.949 0.155 0.361 0.006 0.4485 0.0018 1286.4 23.23 63164 299 1.023 0.00288 63,026 300 # DC-12 309000 535.342 0.255 0.672 0.010 0.4554 0.0018 1108.7 17.08 63540 277 1.036 0.00276 63,379 276 # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_um depth, , , um, , , , ,N ## age_calBP age, , , calendar years before present, , , , ,N ## d13CcarbPDB delta13C, calcium carbonate, , per mil PDB, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N ## d18OcarbPDB delta18O, calcium carbonate, , per mil PDB, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N ## Sr/Ca Strontium/Calcium ratio, calcium carbonate, , mmol mol-1, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy,N ## Mg/Ca Magnesium/Calcium ratio, calcium carbonate, , mmol mol-1, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_um age_calBP d13CcarbPDB d18OcarbVPDB Sr/Ca Mg/Ca 0 14308 -3.41 -3.1 3.15 15.65 1000 14316 -3.45 -3.32 3.37 15.59 2000 14323 -3.79 -3.72 3.1 14.86 3000 14330 -3.48 -3.12 3.55 17.86 4000 14338 -3.15 -2.68 3.18 17.38 5000 14346 -3.16 -2.57 2.88 16.3 6000 14353 -3.39 -2.92 3.02 14.96 7000 14361 -2.54 -2.5 3.62 18.38 8000 14369 -2.21 -2.5 3.67 18.01 9000 14376 -2.92 -2.88 3.57 17.98 10000 14384 -3.15 -2.86 3.5 16.11 11000 14392 -3.57 -2.8 3 16.67 12000 14400 -3.68 -3.2 2.68 17.68 13000 14408 -3.26 -2.8 3.39 14.9 14000 14416 -2.88 -2.54 3.82 17.49 15000 14424 -3.1 -2.93 3.59 15.9 16000 14431 -3.14 -2.95 3.37 17.18 17000 14439 -3.16 -3.08 3.08 17.42 18000 14447 -2.52 -2.7 4.36 19.79 19000 14455 -2.64 -3.12 3.44 19.36 20000 14463 -2.68 -3.07 3.26 19.07 21000 14470 -3.21 -3.45 3.01 15.51 22000 14478 -3.78 -3.06 3.03 15.56 23000 14486 -3.56 -3.46 3.15 13.58 24000 14493 -3.41 -3.2 3 14.76 25000 14501 -3.31 -3.18 3.19 18.14 26000 14508 -3.15 -2.85 2.9 17.53 27000 14516 -3.41 -3.04 2.88 15.64 28000 14523 -3.42 -3.11 2.94 15.96 29000 14530 -3.28 -3.04 2.82 16.61 30000 14537 -3.3 -3.12 2.92 16.39 31000 14544 -3.55 -3.14 3.01 15.21 32000 14551 -3.94 -3.46 2.91 15.35 33000 14558 -4.32 -3.97 2.89 14.15 34000 14564 -4.11 -3.77 2.62 15.57 35000 14571 -3.66 -3.43 2.84 16.15 36000 14577 -3.93 -3.76 2.98 15.92 37000 14583 -2.91 -2.46 3.01 18.46 38000 14589 -3.21 -3.08 2.47 18.27 39000 14595 -2.75 -2.62 3 17.91 40000 14601 -3.57 -3.17 2.87 15.77 41000 14607 -3.39 -3.5 2.92 17.32 42000 14612 -2.4 -2.58 3.09 21.11 43000 14617 -1.57 -2.54 3.4 22.39 44000 14622 -3.24 -2.76 2.72 18.21 45000 14627 -3.48 -2.95 2.63 15.97 46000 14632 -3.54 -2.45 2.55 15.4 47000 14636 -3.57 -2.8 2.61 15.87 48000 14640 -3.74 -2.56 2.45 15.06 49000 14645 -3.65 -2.79 2.51 15.61 50000 14648 -3.74 -3.04 2.57 15.14 51000 14652 -3.67 -2.58 2.34 16.86 52000 14656 -2.93 -2.16 2.71 18.86 53000 14660 -3.68 -3.25 2.69 15.97 54000 14664 -3.52 -3.04 2.66 15.97 55000 14667 -3.33 -2.82 2.54 16.55 56000 14671 -3.77 -3.22 2.4 16.08 57000 14674 -3.16 -2.91 2.85 18.17 58000 14677 -3.28 -3.09 2.6 16.57 59000 14681 -3.73 -2.99 2.52 16.06 60000 14684 -3.67 -3 2.76 16.84 61000 14687 -3.11 -2.86 2.79 18.58 62000 14690 -3.14 -2.77 2.96 18.91 63000 14693 -2.41 -2.29 2.94 20.68 64000 14696 -3 -2.49 2.68 17.77 65000 14699 -3.04 -2.43 2.51 17.32 66000 14702 -3.48 -2.94 2.47 16.16 67000 14705 -3.51 -3 2.39 15.57 68000 14707 -3.98 -3.25 2.42 14.46 69000 14710 -4.03 -3.04 1.83 16.34 70000 14713 -3.59 -3.1 2.53 16.51 71000 14716 -3.29 -2.48 2.81 15.58 72000 14718 -2.93 -2.28 2.89 17.49 73000 14721 -3.18 -2.12 2.6 16.54 74000 14724 -3.41 -2.3 2.49 14.94 75000 14726 -3.83 -2.41 2.46 14.17 76000 14729 -3.91 -2.6 2.26 15.16 77000 14731 -3.76 -2.54 2.72 13.88 78000 14734 -3.14 -2.46 2.86 16.23 79000 14736 -3.49 -2.48 2.68 14.7 80000 14739 -3.58 -2.47 2.49 14.71 81000 14741 -3.8 -2.42 2.08 14.34 82000 14744 -3.35 -1.85 2.55 14.88 83000 14746 -2.61 -2.02 2.68 16.49 84000 14749 -3.29 -2.6 2.53 15.44 85000 14751 -3.25 -2.53 2.57 14.35 86000 14754 -3.21 -2.63 2.63 15.99 87000 14757 -2.94 -2.21 2.41 15.88 88000 14759 -3.24 -2.35 2.41 15.71 89000 14762 -3.1 -2.29 2.33 15.35 90000 14764 -3.06 -2.15 2.62 15.02 91000 14767 -3.38 -2.4 2.41 13.87 92000 14770 -3.08 -2.35 2.53 16.74 93000 14772 -3.08 -2.16 2.67 16.11 94000 14775 -3.27 -2.31 2.77 14.87 95000 14778 -2.9 -2.17 2.52 15.34 96000 14781 -2.95 -1.95 2.33 15.38 97000 14783 -3.17 -2.26 2.67 14.03 98000 14786 -3.32 -2.45 2.49 13.94 99000 14789 -3.15 -2.39 2.29 14.89 100000 14792 -3.11 -2.67 2.61 14.2 101000 14795 -3.31 -2.69 2.6 14.03 102000 14798 -3.24 -2.41 2.52 13.54 103000 14801 -3.11 -2.46 2.57 14.78 104000 14805 -2.94 -2.3 2.63 15.32 105000 14808 -2.97 -2.17 2.37 15.37 106000 14811 -3.63 -2.3 2.41 13.38 107000 14815 -3.57 -2.29 2.21 13.22 108000 14818 -2.76 -1.86 2.55 17.65 109000 14822 -2.95 -2.24 2.51 17.54 110000 14825 -2.31 -1.9 2.86 18.68 111000 14829 -3.22 -2.41 2.31 14.98 112000 14833 -2.32 -2.02 2.56 15.93 113000 14837 -1.62 -1.65 2.65 19.84 114000 14841 -3.03 -2.24 2.34 16.66 115000 14845 -3.68 -2.5 -0.999 -0.999 116000 14849 -3.52 -2.23 2.21 15.06 117000 14853 -3.67 -2.34 2.13 13.47 118000 14857 -3.47 -2.18 2.13 13.57 119000 14862 -3.54 -2.47 2.15 13.85 120000 14867 -3.1 -2.28 2.21 15.91 121000 14871 -2.87 -2.07 2.52 16.81 122000 14876 -2.67 -1.88 2.3 15.9 123000 14881 -2.71 -2.1 2.29 15.75 124000 14886 -2.24 -1.75 2.4 17.54 125000 14891 -3.02 -2.25 2.26 14.63 126000 14896 -3.36 -2.38 2.24 13.19 127000 14902 -3.45 -2.19 2.11 13.77 128000 14907 -2.58 -1.9 2.3 16.19 129000 14913 -3.12 -2.13 2.16 15.93 130000 14919 -3.22 -2.31 2.08 14.92 131000 14924 -2.5 -1.85 2.25 16.98 132000 14931 -3.35 -2.27 2.19 14.35 133000 14937 -2.65 -2.18 -0.999 -0.999 134000 14943 -2.52 -1.03 2.18 14.71 135000 14950 -3.64 -2.55 2.03 12.58 136000 14956 -3.35 -2.05 2.14 13.72 137000 14963 -3.51 -2.26 1.94 13.63 138000 14970 -3.84 -2.52 2.04 13.35 139000 14979 -3.57 -2.53 1.83 13.07 140000 14993 -3.94 -2.75 1.87 12.67 141000 15009 -3.22 -2.5 1.9 13.84 142000 15029 -3.48 -2.76 1.75 13.99 143000 15051 -3.6 -2.65 1.66 14.32 144000 15074 -3.4 -2.47 2.09 14.49 145000 15098 -3.42 -2.43 2.01 14.51 146000 15122 -3.42 -2.52 2.11 13.81 147000 15145 -3.36 -2.44 1.86 14.03 148000 15168 -3.45 -2.39 1.83 14.12 149000 15189 -3.65 -2.53 1.81 13.62 150000 15207 -3.64 -2.5 1.8 13.92 151000 15224 -3.09 -2.38 2.04 14.06 152000 15240 -3.15 -2.11 2.08 14.04 153000 15257 -3.11 -2.58 2.11 14.47 154000 15273 -2.89 -2.28 2.17 14.58 155000 15290 -2.64 -2.28 2.03 14.52 156000 15306 -3.36 -2.57 1.86 12.82 157000 15322 -3.75 -3.03 1.9 13.29 158000 15338 -3.64 -2.73 1.93 12.36 159000 15353 -3.69 -2.74 1.82 13 160000 15369 -3.64 -2.49 1.51 14.3 161000 15384 -3.5 -3.02 2.17 13.8 162000 15400 -3.02 -2.81 2.04 16.31 163000 15414 -2.88 -2.82 2.13 14.76 164000 15429 -2.8 -3.46 2.2 14.44 165000 15444 -2.62 -3.01 2.16 14.94 166000 15458 -2.72 -2.44 2.15 14.56 167000 15472 -2.38 -2.07 2.22 15.85 168000 15486 -2.81 -2.25 1.89 15.79 169000 15499 -2.32 -1.95 2.24 15.81 170000 15513 -2.68 -2.13 2.15 15.16 171000 15525 -2.61 -2.05 2.05 15.54 172000 15538 -2.08 -1.38 2.1 16.3 173000 15550 -2.1 -1.94 1.86 16.3 174000 15562 3.14 -0.29 1.48 24.79 175000 15574 1.57 -1.68 2.35 27.42 176000 15586 2.07 -1.42 2.32 28.67 177000 15597 2.82 -0.59 2.24 30.01 178000 15607 1.43 -1.04 2.31 27.38 179000 15618 -0.02 -1.75 2.55 24.17 180000 15628 -0.21 -1.82 2.54 24.79 181000 15637 0.17 -1.21 2.53 24.12 182000 15646 0.01 -1.7 2.7 24.63 183000 15655 -0.1 -1.91 2.6 24.19 184000 15663 -0.03 -2.02 2.62 24.93 185000 15671 0.12 -2.26 2.34 25.16 186000 15679 1.63 -1.32 2.22 27.18 187000 15686 0.38 -1.92 2.26 25.92 188000 15693 1.83 -1.24 2.67 29.51 189000 15699 1.81 -0.98 2.4 29.5 190000 15704 2.19 -1.25 2.72 32.84