# Kose - Bolu - PISY - ITRDB TURK049
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#               World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#                                  and
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template Version 3.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using these data,
# If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource and date accessed.
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22354
#             Description: NOAA Landing Page of study
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov//pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/europe/turk049a-noaa.crn
#    Description: Chronology - NOAA Template File
#
# Original_Source_URL: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/europe/turk049a.crn
#    Description: Chronology - Tucson Decadal File
#
# Archive: Tree Ring
#
# Dataset_DOI: 
#
# Parameter_Keywords: ring width
#-------------------
# Contribution_Date
# Date: 2016-12-26
#-------------------
# File_Last_Modified_Date
# Date: 2018-12-19
#-------------------
# Title
#   Study_Name: Kose - Bolu - PISY - ITRDB TURK049
#-------------------
# Investigators: Kose, N.; Guner, H.T.
#-------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#     Description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19.
#-------------------
# Publication
# Authors: Nesibe Kose, H. Tuncay Guner, Grant L. Harley, and Joel Guiot
# Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
# Published_Title: Spring temperature variability over Turkey since 1800?CE reconstructed from a broad network of tree-ring data 
# Published_Date_or_Year: 2017
# Volume: 13
# Pages: 1-15
# Report_Number: 
# DOI: 10.5194/cp-13-1-2017
# Full_Citation: 
# Abstract: The meteorological observational period in Turkey, which starts ca. 1930?CE, is too short for understanding long-term climatic variability. Tree rings have been used intensively as proxy records to understand summer precipitation history of the region, primarily because they have a dominant precipitation signal. Yet, the historical context of temperature variability is unclear. Here, we used higher-order principle components of a network of 23 tree-ring chronologies to provide a high-resolution spring (March-April) temperature reconstruction over Turkey during the period 1800-2002. The reconstruction model accounted for 67?% (Adj. R2 = ?0.64, p?<?0.0001) of the instrumental temperature variance over the full calibration period (1930-2002). The reconstruction is punctuated by a temperature increase during the 20th century; yet extreme cold and warm events during the 19th century seem to eclipse conditions during the 20th century. We found significant correlations between our March-April spring temperature reconstruction and existing gridded spring temperature reconstructions for Europe over Turkey and southeastern Europe. Moreover, the precipitation signal obtained from the tree-ring network (first principle component) showed highly significant correlations with gridded summer drought index reconstruction over Turkey and Mediterranean countries. Our results showed that, beside the dominant precipitation signal, a temperature signal can be extracted from tree-ring series and they can be useful proxies in reconstructing past temperature variability.
#-------------------
# Site_Information
# Site_Name:  Bolu
# Location: Turkey
# Northernmost_Latitude: 40.8833
# Southernmost_Latitude: 40.8833
# Easternmost_Longitude: 31.6667
# Westernmost_Longitude: 31.6667
# Elevation: 1702
#-------------------
# Data_Collection
# Collection_Name:  TURK049
# Earliest_Year: 1752
# Most_Recent_Year: 2009
# Time_Unit: AD
# Notes: 
#-------------------
# Species
# Species_Name: Pinus sylvestris L.
# Common_Name: Scots pine
# Tree_Species_Code: PISY
#-------------------
# Chronology_Information 
#      Chronology: 
#---------------------
# Variables 
#  variables format: shortname <tab> var components: what,material,error,units,season,archive,detail,method, C or N for Char or Numeric data,additional information
## age_CE	age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N,
## trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index,,,,,tree ring,composited,ARSTAN,N,
## numsamp	number of samples,,,count,,tree ring,,,N,
#
#--------------------
# Data:
# Missing_Values: -999
age_CE	trsgi	numsamp
1752	1061	  2
1753	1536	  1
1754	1666	  2
1755	1920	  2
1756	1836	  2
1757	 918	  2
1758	1430	  2
1759	1035	  2
1760	 984	  2
1761	 757	  2
1762	 788	  2
1763	 787	  2
1764	 984	  2
1765	 880	  2
1766	1127	  2
1767	 923	  2
1768	 812	  2
1769	 572	  2
1770	 538	  2
1771	 789	  2
1772	 777	  2
1773	 820	  2
1774	 774	  2
1775	 797	  2
1776	 558	  2
1777	 422	  2
1778	 867	  2
1779	 872	  2
1780	 940	  2
1781	 728	  2
1782	 574	  2
1783	 730	  3
1784	1077	  3
1785	1277	  4
1786	1417	  6
1787	1177	  6
1788	1039	  7
1789	1033	  8
1790	 935	  8
1791	1036	  9
1792	1251	 10
1793	1215	 10
1794	1116	 10
1795	 878	 10
1796	 995	 10
1797	 957	 10
1798	1219	 10
1799	1209	 10
1800	1294	 10
1801	1060	 11
1802	 989	 11
1803	 918	 12
1804	 890	 12
1805	 923	 12
1806	 791	 12
1807	 979	 12
1808	 997	 12
1809	 963	 12
1810	1069	 12
1811	1047	 12
1812	 958	 12
1813	 941	 12
1814	1069	 12
1815	 827	 14
1816	1106	 14
1817	1118	 14
1818	 956	 14
1819	 821	 14
1820	 771	 14
1821	 985	 14
1822	 880	 14
1823	 945	 14
1824	 835	 14
1825	 858	 14
1826	 944	 16
1827	 942	 16
1828	 829	 16
1829	1215	 16
1830	 819	 16
1831	 947	 17
1832	 791	 17
1833	 866	 18
1834	 766	 18
1835	1086	 18
1836	1052	 18
1837	1190	 18
1838	1161	 18
1839	1137	 19
1840	 747	 19
1841	 900	 19
1842	 832	 20
1843	 999	 20
1844	 894	 20
1845	 821	 20
1846	1036	 20
1847	 905	 20
1848	1034	 20
1849	1065	 20
1850	1041	 20
1851	 909	 20
1852	 938	 20
1853	1058	 20
1854	 930	 20
1855	1061	 20
1856	 971	 20
1857	 985	 20
1858	1036	 20
1859	1038	 20
1860	 910	 20
1861	 910	 20
1862	 873	 20
1863	 749	 20
1864	 787	 20
1865	 960	 20
1866	 996	 20
1867	 981	 20
1868	 892	 20
1869	1038	 20
1870	 929	 20
1871	1082	 20
1872	1151	 20
1873	 932	 20
1874	 859	 20
1875	 850	 20
1876	 932	 20
1877	1175	 20
1878	1014	 20
1879	1040	 20
1880	 962	 20
1881	1090	 20
1882	 935	 20
1883	 921	 20
1884	1027	 20
1885	1170	 20
1886	1051	 20
1887	 778	 20
1888	1001	 20
1889	1278	 20
1890	 983	 20
1891	1048	 20
1892	 942	 20
1893	 696	 20
1894	 716	 20
1895	 903	 20
1896	 882	 20
1897	1236	 20
1898	1324	 20
1899	1067	 20
1900	1260	 20
1901	1630	 20
1902	1523	 20
1903	1408	 20
1904	 964	 20
1905	 798	 20
1906	 963	 20
1907	 814	 20
1908	 781	 20
1909	 728	 20
1910	 960	 20
1911	 851	 20
1912	1014	 20
1913	 982	 20
1914	1056	 20
1915	1452	 20
1916	1312	 20
1917	1435	 20
1918	1222	 20
1919	1564	 20
1920	1197	 20
1921	 839	 20
1922	 943	 20
1923	 904	 20
1924	 875	 20
1925	 941	 20
1926	 873	 20
1927	 753	 20
1928	 659	 20
1929	 761	 20
1930	 861	 20
1931	1033	 20
1932	 878	 20
1933	1099	 20
1934	 901	 20
1935	 833	 20
1936	1133	 20
1937	 934	 20
1938	 843	 20
1939	1073	 20
1940	1308	 20
1941	1150	 20
1942	 944	 20
1943	 875	 20
1944	 944	 20
1945	 723	 20
1946	 656	 20
1947	 607	 20
1948	 700	 20
1949	 582	 20
1950	 769	 20
1951	 910	 20
1952	 820	 20
1953	 882	 20
1954	1027	 20
1955	1041	 20
1956	 961	 20
1957	 816	 20
1958	1013	 20
1959	1149	 20
1960	1114	 20
1961	1046	 20
1962	1182	 20
1963	1152	 20
1964	1073	 20
1965	1147	 20
1966	1033	 20
1967	 865	 20
1968	 751	 20
1969	 847	 20
1970	1062	 20
1971	1193	 20
1972	1105	 20
1973	1199	 20
1974	1154	 20
1975	1199	 20
1976	1094	 20
1977	 922	 20
1978	1205	 20
1979	1405	 20
1980	1326	 20
1981	1298	 20
1982	1221	 20
1983	1231	 20
1984	1077	 20
1985	1147	 20
1986	1143	 20
1987	 976	 20
1988	1008	 20
1989	 771	 20
1990	 703	 20
1991	 915	 20
1992	 967	 20
1993	 913	 20
1994	 770	 20
1995	 658	 19
1996	 861	 18
1997	 946	 18
1998	 882	 18
1999	 879	 18
2000	 958	 18
2001	1222	 17
2002	1151	 14
2003	 655	 12
2004	1103	 12
2005	1111	 12
2006	 845	 12
2007	 768	 12
2008	1235	  9
2009	1236	  2
