# Kose - Bolu - PISY - ITRDB TURK049
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#               World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#                                  and
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template Version 3.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using these data,
# If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource and date accessed.
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22354
#             Description: NOAA Landing Page of study
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov//pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/europe/turk049r-noaa.crn
#    Description: Chronology - NOAA Template File
#
# Original_Source_URL: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/europe/turk049r.crn
#    Description: Chronology - Tucson Decadal File
#
# Archive: Tree Ring
#
# Dataset_DOI: 
#
# Parameter_Keywords: ring width
#-------------------
# Contribution_Date
# Date: 2016-12-26
#-------------------
# File_Last_Modified_Date
# Date: 2018-12-19
#-------------------
# Title
#   Study_Name: Kose - Bolu - PISY - ITRDB TURK049
#-------------------
# Investigators: Kose, N.; Guner, H.T.
#-------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#     Description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19.
#-------------------
# Publication
# Authors: Nesibe Kose, H. Tuncay Guner, Grant L. Harley, and Joel Guiot
# Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
# Published_Title: Spring temperature variability over Turkey since 1800?CE reconstructed from a broad network of tree-ring data 
# Published_Date_or_Year: 2017
# Volume: 13
# Pages: 1-15
# Report_Number: 
# DOI: 10.5194/cp-13-1-2017
# Full_Citation: 
# Abstract: The meteorological observational period in Turkey, which starts ca. 1930?CE, is too short for understanding long-term climatic variability. Tree rings have been used intensively as proxy records to understand summer precipitation history of the region, primarily because they have a dominant precipitation signal. Yet, the historical context of temperature variability is unclear. Here, we used higher-order principle components of a network of 23 tree-ring chronologies to provide a high-resolution spring (March-April) temperature reconstruction over Turkey during the period 1800-2002. The reconstruction model accounted for 67?% (Adj. R2 = ?0.64, p?<?0.0001) of the instrumental temperature variance over the full calibration period (1930-2002). The reconstruction is punctuated by a temperature increase during the 20th century; yet extreme cold and warm events during the 19th century seem to eclipse conditions during the 20th century. We found significant correlations between our March-April spring temperature reconstruction and existing gridded spring temperature reconstructions for Europe over Turkey and southeastern Europe. Moreover, the precipitation signal obtained from the tree-ring network (first principle component) showed highly significant correlations with gridded summer drought index reconstruction over Turkey and Mediterranean countries. Our results showed that, beside the dominant precipitation signal, a temperature signal can be extracted from tree-ring series and they can be useful proxies in reconstructing past temperature variability.
#-------------------
# Site_Information
# Site_Name:  Bolu
# Location: Turkey
# Northernmost_Latitude: 40.8833
# Southernmost_Latitude: 40.8833
# Easternmost_Longitude: 31.6667
# Westernmost_Longitude: 31.6667
# Elevation: 1702
#-------------------
# Data_Collection
# Collection_Name:  TURK049
# Earliest_Year: 1752
# Most_Recent_Year: 2009
# Time_Unit: AD
# Notes: 
#-------------------
# Species
# Species_Name: Pinus sylvestris L.
# Common_Name: Scots pine
# Tree_Species_Code: PISY
#-------------------
# Chronology_Information 
#      Chronology: 
#---------------------
# Variables 
#  variables format: shortname <tab> var components: what,material,error,units,season,archive,detail,method, C or N for Char or Numeric data,additional information
## age_CE	age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N,
## trsgi	tree ring standardized growth index,,,,,tree ring,composited,residual,N,
## numsamp	number of samples,,,count,,tree ring,,,N,
#
#--------------------
# Data:
# Missing_Values: -999
age_CE	trsgi	numsamp
1753	1499	  1
1754	1339	  2
1755	1513	  2
1756	1274	  2
1757	 408	  2
1758	1479	  2
1759	 772	  2
1760	 963	  2
1761	 767	  2
1762	 936	  2
1763	 917	  2
1764	1114	  2
1765	 890	  2
1766	1200	  2
1767	 845	  2
1768	 859	  2
1769	 687	  2
1770	 800	  2
1771	1071	  2
1772	 906	  2
1773	 956	  2
1774	 884	  2
1775	 935	  2
1776	 681	  2
1777	 692	  2
1778	1220	  2
1779	 954	  2
1780	1018	  2
1781	 765	  2
1782	 741	  2
1783	 990	  3
1784	1242	  3
1785	1230	  4
1786	1248	  6
1787	 922	  6
1788	 931	  7
1789	1009	  8
1790	 914	  8
1791	1077	  9
1792	1228	 10
1793	1062	 10
1794	 985	 10
1795	 807	 10
1796	1070	 10
1797	 960	 10
1798	1246	 10
1799	1075	 10
1800	1167	 10
1801	 880	 11
1802	 953	 11
1803	 924	 12
1804	 941	 12
1805	 990	 12
1806	 838	 12
1807	1107	 12
1808	1010	 12
1809	 965	 12
1810	1091	 12
1811	1005	 12
1812	 930	 12
1813	 966	 12
1814	1105	 12
1815	 785	 14
1816	1211	 14
1817	1054	 14
1818	 884	 14
1819	 848	 14
1820	 881	 14
1821	1125	 14
1822	 889	 14
1823	1018	 14
1824	 868	 14
1825	 959	 14
1826	1030	 16
1827	 977	 16
1828	 864	 16
1829	1320	 16
1830	 688	 16
1831	1057	 17
1832	 824	 17
1833	 993	 18
1834	 847	 18
1835	1229	 18
1836	 999	 18
1837	1158	 18
1838	1045	 18
1839	1039	 19
1840	 664	 19
1841	1054	 19
1842	 893	 20
1843	1101	 20
1844	 895	 20
1845	 886	 20
1846	1145	 20
1847	 883	 20
1848	1093	 20
1849	1044	 20
1850	1002	 20
1851	 884	 20
1852	 994	 20
1853	1096	 20
1854	 895	 20
1855	1103	 20
1856	 934	 20
1857	1003	 20
1858	1045	 20
1859	1016	 20
1860	 886	 20
1861	 966	 20
1862	 928	 20
1863	 826	 20
1864	 940	 20
1865	1090	 20
1866	1021	 20
1867	 983	 20
1868	 904	 20
1869	1104	 20
1870	 906	 20
1871	1125	 20
1872	1101	 20
1873	 839	 20
1874	 900	 20
1875	 937	 20
1876	1024	 20
1877	1216	 20
1878	 907	 20
1879	1032	 20
1880	 937	 20
1881	1114	 20
1882	 880	 20
1883	 961	 20
1884	1076	 20
1885	1154	 20
1886	 947	 20
1887	 747	 20
1888	1136	 20
1889	1278	 20
1890	 813	 20
1891	1058	 20
1892	 913	 20
1893	 731	 20
1894	 902	 20
1895	1077	 20
1896	 942	 20
1897	1308	 20
1898	1180	 20
1899	 869	 20
1900	1219	 20
1901	1471	 20
1902	1138	 20
1903	1088	 20
1904	 715	 20
1905	 819	 20
1906	1087	 20
1907	 836	 20
1908	 895	 20
1909	 862	 20
1910	1125	 20
1911	 876	 20
1912	1105	 20
1913	 973	 20
1914	1068	 20
1915	1418	 20
1916	1036	 20
1917	1244	 20
1918	 956	 20
1919	1428	 20
1920	 852	 20
1921	 719	 20
1922	1042	 20
1923	 939	 20
1924	 933	 20
1925	1017	 20
1926	 910	 20
1927	 831	 20
1928	 810	 20
1929	 969	 20
1930	1007	 20
1931	1118	 20
1932	 857	 20
1933	1173	 20
1934	 841	 20
1935	 894	 20
1936	1235	 20
1937	 852	 20
1938	 883	 20
1939	1169	 20
1940	1263	 20
1941	 962	 20
1942	 852	 20
1943	 909	 20
1944	1020	 20
1945	 757	 20
1946	 825	 20
1947	 817	 20
1948	 940	 20
1949	 765	 20
1950	1025	 20
1951	1051	 20
1952	 875	 20
1953	 992	 20
1954	1099	 20
1955	1024	 20
1956	 936	 20
1957	 840	 20
1958	1125	 20
1959	1142	 20
1960	1023	 20
1961	 976	 20
1962	1154	 20
1963	1040	 20
1964	 980	 20
1965	1103	 20
1966	 943	 20
1967	 845	 20
1968	 834	 20
1969	 999	 20
1970	1155	 20
1971	1155	 20
1972	 988	 20
1973	1135	 20
1974	1032	 20
1975	1105	 20
1976	 972	 20
1977	 865	 20
1978	1253	 20
1979	1279	 20
1980	1078	 20
1981	1099	 20
1982	1039	 20
1983	1096	 20
1984	 936	 20
1985	1100	 20
1986	1053	 20
1987	 889	 20
1988	1023	 20
1989	 766	 20
1990	 843	 20
1991	1096	 20
1992	1019	 20
1993	 934	 20
1994	 823	 20
1995	 799	 19
1996	1070	 18
1997	1030	 18
1998	 915	 18
1999	 951	 18
2000	1032	 18
2001	1247	 17
2002	1016	 14
2003	 563	 12
2004	1314	 12
2005	1048	 12
2006	 777	 12
2007	 863	 12
2008	1377	  9
2009	1092	  2
