# Caucasus 250 Year May-June Precipitation Reconstruction #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23010 # Description: # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/asia/caucasus2016precip.txt # Description: # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstruction # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: Precipitation #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-10-31 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2017-10-31 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Caucasus 250 Year May-June Precipitation Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Martin-Benito, D.; Ummenhofer, C.C.; Köse, N.; Güner, H.T.; Pederson, N. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: May-June precipitation in the Caucasus since 1752 reconstructed from multi-species tree ring network. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Dario Martin-Benito, Caroline C. Ummenhofer, Nesibe Köse, Hüseyin Tuncay Güner, Neil Pederson # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016-11-01 # Published_Title: Tree‑ring reconstructed May–June precipitation in the Caucasus since 1752 CE # Journal_Name: Climate Dynamics # Volume: 47 # Edition: # Issue: 9-10 # Pages: 3011-3027 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1007/s00382-016-3010-1 # Online_Resource: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-016-3010-1 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The Caucasus region experiences recurrent droughts that affect natural vegetation and the agriculture-based economies of several countries. Because meteorological records are in general scarce and of short timespan, little is known about the magnitude and frequency of past climate variability. Despite the recent increase of climate reconstructions for parts of Eurasia, no study has focused on past hydroclimate variability in the Caucasus. Here, we use a multispecies network of tree-ring width chronologies from the Lesser Caucasus to develop the first precipitation reconstruction for the region back to 1752 CE. Despite the high annual precipitation in the region, our reconstruction accounted for 51.2% of the variability in May-June precipitation from 1930 to 2001. In comparison with reconstructions in the eastern Mediterranean, our new reconstruction revealed important and distinct drought periods and pluvials. Previous winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and spring East Atlantic/Western Russia (EA/WR) and North Sea Caspian patterns are likely key drivers of May-June precipitation in the Caucasus and Anatolia. NAO appeared to negatively affect rainfall low-frequency variability while effects of EA/WR were more apparent at the interannual timescales. We also show a potential positive effect of Black Sea surface temperatures on May-June precipitation. In the Caucasus, May-June represents the period of major water supply in semi-arid areas and the period with the highest potential of water scarcity in mesic areas. It is also a period of potential catastrophic flood events. Thus, changes to the precipitation regime during this season will be critical to both human and natural systems of the Caucasus region. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Commission CORDIS FP7-PEOPLE # Grant: 329935 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Climate Center of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Istanbul University Research Fund # Grant: YADOP 33569 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1355339 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Caucasus # Location: Asia>Western Asia # Country: Turkey, Georgia # Northernmost_Latitude: 45.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 38.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: 48.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: 38.0 # Elevation: 700-2100 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Caucasus2016MJprecip # Earliest_Year: 1752 # Most_Recent_Year: 2001 # Time_Unit: Year CE # Core_Length: # Notes: This reconstruction of May-June precipitation sums is based on 9 (nine) tree-ring width chronologies from the Western Caucasus in Turkey and the Republic of Georgia. # The elevation of the tree-ring sites ranges between 700 and 2100 m asl. Five of the tree-ring width chronologies used were obtained from the International Tree Ring Data Bank # (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/tree-ring) with the following site codes: GEOR004, GEOR005, GEOR008, GEOR010, TURK022 #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, additional information) # ## age_CE age, , , CE, , , , ,N, ## MJ_precip precipitation, tree ring width, , mm, May-Jun, Climate Reconstructions, , , N, May-June precipitation sum # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_CE MJ_precip 1752 191.803 1753 177.287 1754 212.835 1755 188.091 1756 141.969 1757 117.127 1758 166.528 1759 162.424 1760 201.918 1761 162.055 1762 201.210 1763 186.361 1764 119.366 1765 139.058 1766 145.580 1767 212.327 1768 167.056 1769 160.865 1770 187.416 1771 214.971 1772 147.173 1773 194.872 1774 144.953 1775 179.624 1776 157.342 1777 117.335 1778 195.552 1779 150.080 1780 182.411 1781 168.488 1782 191.606 1783 179.924 1784 212.579 1785 146.091 1786 174.907 1787 154.764 1788 210.458 1789 162.503 1790 160.127 1791 158.594 1792 170.075 1793 160.812 1794 157.803 1795 162.436 1796 191.163 1797 160.501 1798 130.802 1799 158.782 1800 167.849 1801 173.180 1802 183.399 1803 147.723 1804 178.412 1805 161.094 1806 160.812 1807 142.620 1808 152.235 1809 160.110 1810 156.336 1811 169.861 1812 141.207 1813 118.165 1814 161.143 1815 182.137 1816 197.493 1817 222.790 1818 174.177 1819 169.373 1820 158.955 1821 185.261 1822 162.085 1823 167.122 1824 169.474 1825 160.708 1826 192.779 1827 179.544 1828 158.557 1829 214.430 1830 156.435 1831 195.837 1832 151.222 1833 143.303 1834 142.750 1835 164.071 1836 169.141 1837 158.559 1838 192.614 1839 181.415 1840 131.367 1841 163.259 1842 149.913 1843 199.629 1844 167.137 1845 147.115 1846 211.939 1847 153.025 1848 183.868 1849 159.629 1850 173.989 1851 83.972 1852 149.016 1853 178.568 1854 214.117 1855 203.029 1856 172.800 1857 211.259 1858 182.247 1859 168.854 1860 149.543 1861 160.106 1862 129.558 1863 141.843 1864 163.792 1865 149.806 1866 145.827 1867 125.613 1868 172.185 1869 130.235 1870 150.450 1871 166.130 1872 123.848 1873 169.486 1874 177.666 1875 178.345 1876 120.396 1877 176.018 1878 182.833 1879 158.168 1880 167.585 1881 191.173 1882 167.626 1883 174.255 1884 162.841 1885 178.285 1886 180.330 1887 167.726 1888 177.009 1889 195.979 1890 142.601 1891 172.022 1892 128.459 1893 154.142 1894 168.879 1895 211.060 1896 188.747 1897 162.657 1898 155.400 1899 128.186 1900 195.295 1901 191.817 1902 170.545 1903 208.319 1904 160.523 1905 165.056 1906 160.672 1907 148.662 1908 153.629 1909 112.516 1910 176.735 1911 135.840 1912 166.597 1913 194.490 1914 195.952 1915 190.358 1916 168.293 1917 183.249 1918 144.590 1919 184.534 1920 191.855 1921 172.566 1922 183.266 1923 160.956 1924 130.016 1925 141.771 1926 171.390 1927 173.219 1928 144.935 1929 164.030 1930 185.317 1931 172.095 1932 141.074 1933 163.773 1934 174.613 1935 142.071 1936 209.937 1937 197.182 1938 162.992 1939 165.663 1940 183.545 1941 133.366 1942 156.629 1943 131.509 1944 190.794 1945 154.412 1946 177.457 1947 162.146 1948 165.207 1949 133.085 1950 163.708 1951 162.391 1952 179.942 1953 154.977 1954 152.237 1955 110.464 1956 186.707 1957 161.936 1958 135.368 1959 199.189 1960 170.912 1961 140.091 1962 165.776 1963 178.060 1964 167.903 1965 158.132 1966 162.951 1967 183.377 1968 171.407 1969 124.152 1970 192.391 1971 192.544 1972 178.745 1973 158.471 1974 133.135 1975 181.084 1976 183.481 1977 189.473 1978 177.987 1979 179.394 1980 161.992 1981 188.940 1982 165.619 1983 186.615 1984 179.717 1985 151.944 1986 194.331 1987 159.673 1988 200.188 1989 150.065 1990 153.988 1991 195.448 1992 165.180 1993 152.846 1994 128.735 1995 162.651 1996 149.558 1997 150.461 1998 173.535 1999 168.597 2000 167.002 2001 169.572