# Yeruu River, Mongolia 300 Year Streamflow Reconstruction #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:13542 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/mongolia/yeruu2012flow.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstruction #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2012-11-22 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Yeruu River, Mongolia 300 Year Streamflow Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Pederson, N.; Leland, C.; Nachin, B.; Hessl, A.E.; Bell, A.R.; Martin-Benito, D.; Saladyga, T.; Suran, B.; Brown, P.M.; Davi, N.K. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # May through September Yeruu River, Mongolia streamflow reconstruction for the last 300 Years, based on six Mongolian tree ring chronologies. # Median reconstructed streamflow is 87.814 M3/sec # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: N. Pederson, C. Leland, B. Nachin, A.E. Hessl, A.R. Bell, D. Martin-Benito, T. Saladyga, B. Suran, P.M. Brown, N.K. Davi # Published_Date_or_YEAR: 2012-07-24 # Published_Title: Three centuries of shifting hydroclimatic regimes across the Mongolian Breadbasket # Journal_Name: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology # Volume: # Issue: # Pages: # DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.07.003 # Abstract: In its continuing move toward resource independence, Mongolia has recently entered a new agricultural era. Large crop fields and center-pivot irrigation have been established in the last 10 years across Mongolia's "Breadbasket": the Bulgan, Selenge and Tov aimags of northcentral Mongolia. Since meteorological records are typically short and spatially diffuse, little is known about the frequency and scale of past droughts in this region. We use six chronologies from the eastern portion of the breadbasket region to reconstruct streamflow of the Yeruu River. These chronologies accounted for 60.8% of May-September streamflow from 1959 to 1987 and 74.1% from 1988 to 2001. All split, calibration-verification statistics were positive, indicating significant model reconstruction. Reconstructed Yeruu River streamflow indicates the 20th century to be wetter than the two prior centuries. When comparing the new reconstruction to an earlier reconstruction of Selenge River streamflow, representing the western portion of the breadbasket region, both records document more pluvial events of greater intensity during 20th century versus prior centuries and indicate that the recent decade of drought that lead to greater aridity across the landscape is not unusual in the context of the last 300 years. Most interestingly, variability analyses indicate that the larger river basin in the western breadbasket (the Selenge basin) experiences greater swings in hydroclimate at multi-decadal to centennial time scales while the smaller basin in the eastern portion of the breadbasket (the Yeruu basin) is more stable. From this comparison, there would be less risk in agricultural productivity in the eastern breadbasket region, although the western breadbasket region can potentially be enormously productive for decades at a time before becoming quite dry for an equally long period of time. These results indicate that farmers and water managers need to prepare for both pluvial conditions like those in the late-1700s, and drier conditions like those during the early and mid-1800s. Recent studies have indicated that cultures with plentiful resources are more vulnerable when these resources become diminished. Thus, the instrumental records of the 20th century should not be used as a model of moisture availability. Most importantly, the geographic mismatch between precipitation, infrastructure, and water demand could turn out to be particularly acute for countries like Mongolia, especially as these patterns can switch in space through time. # #--------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: DEB-0816700, ATM0117442 and OCE0402474 #--------------------- # Funding_Agency_Name: Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation # Grant: Fulbright Postdoctoral fellowship #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Yeruu River Gage # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>Mongolia # Country: Mongolia # Northernmost_Latitude: 50.1029 # Southernmost_Latitude: 50.1029 # Easternmost_Longitude: 106.906 # Westernmost_Longitude: 106.906 # Elevation: m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Core_Name: yeruu2012flow # First_Year: 1680 # Last_Year: 2009 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology # # # #------------------ # Variables # # End Description/Documentation (lines begin with #) # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: material, error, units, anomaly, period, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # Data line format: tab-delimited text, variable short name as header age_AD Age (years AD), , , years AD , , , , N samples CRN replication, , , years AD , , , , N streamflow-recon Reconstructed streamflow, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-reconMB5 Reconstructed streamflow median bootstrap lower 5% confidence interval, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-reconMB95 Reconstructed streamflow median bootstrap upper 95% confidence interval, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-recon20sp Reconstructed streamflow median 20 year spline, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-recon20spMB5 Reconstructed streamflow median 20 year spline bootstrap lower 5% confidence interval, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-recon20spMB95 Reconstructed streamflow median 20 year spline bootstrap upper 95% confidence interval, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-inst Instrumental streamflow, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N streamflow-inst20sp Instrumental streamflow 20 year spline, , , cubic meters per second , , , , N age_AD samples streamflow-recon streamflow-reconMB5 streamflow-reconMB95 streamflow-recon20sp streamflow-recon20spMB5 streamflow-recon20spMB95 streamflow-inst streamflow-inst20sp 1680 2 36.834 11.051 9.964 68.444 11.966 11.575 1681 2 46.045 9.313 9.482 63.419 11.766 11.19 1682 2 10.085 14.248 13.387 60.57 11.595 10.886 1683 2 19.336 15.811 11.745 60.175 11.434 10.653 1684 2 53.412 9.523 9.338 62.09 11.286 10.5 1685 2 59.184 8.841 8.571 65.812 11.181 10.445 1686 2 62.956 9.17 8.459 70.701 11.142 10.495 1687 2 69.114 8.669 8.009 76.05 11.172 10.641 1688 2 108.578 10.646 8.982 81.078 11.253 10.853 1689 2 124.529 11.532 12.056 84.993 11.344 11.079 1690 2 133.45 14.131 14.369 87.232 11.399 11.251 1691 2 110.294 12.439 14.237 87.609 11.376 11.309 1692 2 138.877 15.858 16.146 86.342 11.253 11.219 1693 2 72.216 10.207 10.973 83.953 11.026 10.982 1694 2 1.324 14.647 13.812 81.325 10.721 10.633 1695 2 85.89 8.418 7.794 79.219 10.375 10.22 1696 2 69.271 8.114 8.721 77.87 10.043 9.81 1697 2 66.303 8.008 7.645 77.409 9.772 9.456 1698 2 61.466 8.118 7.012 77.909 9.591 9.198 1699 2 75.084 8.474 7.669 79.325 9.51 9.056 1700 2 70.777 8.727 7.758 81.485 9.527 9.035 1701 2 66.246 8.542 7.422 84.142 9.629 9.122 1702 2 89.001 8.614 7.538 86.945 9.794 9.293 1703 2 111.387 11.506 10.695 89.412 9.989 9.506 1704 2 101.014 9.607 10.756 91.082 10.176 9.708 1705 2 130.987 13.339 13.052 91.655 10.322 9.852 1706 2 132.962 14.348 15.176 90.996 10.399 9.907 1707 2 74.892 10.933 10.138 89.309 10.404 9.869 1708 2 55.372 9.904 8.038 87.112 10.364 9.777 1709 2 86.955 9.454 9.491 84.844 10.317 9.677 1710 2 87.822 8.596 7.831 82.72 10.297 9.603 1711 2 89.801 8.481 8.255 80.925 10.327 9.583 1712 2 75.497 8.976 7.821 79.694 10.418 9.63 1713 2 15.173 13.976 12.808 79.321 10.56 9.743 1714 2 59.264 8.56 7.355 79.985 10.739 9.913 1715 2 76.208 8.753 6.571 81.405 10.956 10.142 1716 2 119.41 12.275 11.478 83.057 11.201 10.417 1717 2 103.112 10.838 12.052 84.404 11.447 10.697 1718 2 53.384 10.308 8.814 85.17 11.669 10.945 1719 2 134.968 14.432 13.391 85.206 11.839 11.133 1720 2 151.153 16.14 17.415 84.271 11.922 11.221 1721 2 62.404 13.115 10.983 82.5 11.905 11.194 1722 2 39.723 10.318 9.939 80.514 11.808 11.079 1723 2 12.694 14.963 13.396 78.843 11.666 10.91 1724 2 78.571 7.964 8.272 77.614 11.506 10.718 1725 2 97.231 9.815 8.855 76.458 11.375 10.542 1726 2 62.633 9.315 7.387 74.942 11.295 10.409 1727 2 128.264 12.146 12.46 72.745 11.271 10.325 1728 2 103.137 12.355 10.97 69.593 11.292 10.277 1729 2 83.429 9.768 9.116 65.606 11.355 10.263 1730 2 63.287 8.837 7.768 61.24 11.459 10.287 1731 2 -2.604 15.667 14.555 57.127 11.591 10.34 1732 2 26.544 12.414 10.98 53.843 11.727 10.406 1733 2 101.905 11.111 8.411 51.533 11.865 10.489 1734 2 44.538 11.12 9.888 50.153 12.011 10.604 1735 2 69.136 8.085 8.443 49.931 12.169 10.749 1736 2 5.45 14.664 13.472 51.17 12.328 10.911 1737 2 -4.798 18.309 14.631 54.218 12.452 11.068 1738 2 36.349 13.762 10.946 59.058 12.524 11.212 1739 2 60.281 10.06 9.029 65.181 12.571 11.365 1740 2 98.635 9.55 8.759 71.826 12.632 11.548 1741 2 95.204 10.404 10.997 78.205 12.729 11.763 1742 2 117.284 12.664 12.103 83.727 12.855 11.988 1743 2 125.959 12.129 13.352 88.008 12.981 12.192 1744 2 57.926 12.013 9.954 90.969 13.075 12.345 1745 2 170.517 21.707 20.142 92.782 13.094 12.42 1746 2 53.746 12.878 11.693 93.59 13.004 12.392 1747 2 115.811 12.361 11.066 93.923 12.821 12.277 1748 2 5.922 14.693 14.95 94.213 12.577 12.101 1749 2 93.788 8.839 8.953 94.828 12.303 11.882 1750 2 89.905 9.304 8.462 95.596 12.037 11.653 1751 2 123.633 12.346 12.484 96.183 11.794 11.425 1752 2 120.498 12.91 12.945 96.265 11.567 11.187 1753 2 120.258 12.685 13.039 95.724 11.348 10.931 1754 2 84.568 10.606 9.775 94.683 11.143 10.666 1755 2 124.788 12.48 12.873 93.45 10.967 10.417 1756 2 57.335 10.683 9.155 92.357 10.838 10.21 1757 2 80.047 8.628 7.536 91.863 10.781 10.084 1758 2 50.316 9.408 8.151 92.237 10.818 10.07 1759 2 93.767 8.838 7.632 93.541 10.957 10.179 1760 2 62.004 8.702 8.408 95.549 11.187 10.401 1761 2 81.58 8.523 7.659 97.914 11.48 10.702 1762 2 143.914 16.379 13.673 100.043 11.781 11.027 1763 2 134.593 14.625 14.407 101.256 12.022 11.303 1764 2 122.97 12.708 13.707 101.184 12.161 11.472 1765 2 154.559 18.095 18.868 99.782 12.184 11.506 1766 2 52.864 12.492 10.314 97.287 12.092 11.408 1767 2 78.668 8.6 7.825 94.26 11.928 11.23 1768 2 47.583 9.728 8.885 91.031 11.742 11.025 1769 2 124.156 12.269 10.879 87.692 11.557 10.818 1770 2 104.049 11.133 11.349 84.082 11.381 10.612 1771 2 49.189 11.723 10.53 80.242 11.222 10.412 1772 2 108.72 10.609 9.841 76.349 11.09 10.227 1773 2 87.038 9.596 9.773 72.464 10.996 10.065 1774 2 89.386 8.712 8.305 68.834 10.944 9.935 1775 2 43.019 10.488 10.034 65.882 10.929 9.837 1776 2 33.753 12.078 9.914 64.155 10.925 9.763 1777 2 6.624 16.389 13.376 64.033 10.903 9.702 1778 2 64.858 10.446 8.797 65.569 10.849 9.653 1779 2 99.476 10.586 9.269 68.394 10.787 9.635 1780 2 69.997 9.145 8.798 72.09 10.745 9.667 1781 2 58.098 9.586 8.596 76.437 10.749 9.764 1782 2 114.378 11.033 10.081 81.221 10.81 9.933 1783 2 65.656 11.14 10.338 86.162 10.93 10.172 1784 2 69.717 7.812 7.291 91.129 11.112 10.477 1785 2 116.7 12.13 9.908 95.879 11.354 10.841 1786 2 92.943 9.627 10.002 100.03 11.634 11.236 1787 2 108.177 11.05 12.528 103.289 11.928 11.62 1788 2 154.997 16.964 16.83 105.358 12.197 11.942 1789 2 146.136 16.864 16.938 106.04 12.403 12.165 1790 3 119.821 11.944 12.34 105.536 12.542 12.292 1791 3 63.075 10.257 9.941 104.406 12.647 12.363 1792 3 101.404 9.061 8.885 103.305 12.753 12.425 1793 3 62.597 9.066 8.324 102.639 12.867 12.502 1794 3 20.514 12.901 12.053 102.668 12.968 12.585 1795 3 167.747 20.405 16.164 103.257 12.999 12.632 1796 3 135.27 17.012 17.253 103.776 12.912 12.594 1797 3 99.344 10.722 12.916 103.933 12.712 12.454 1798 3 95.869 11.268 11.861 103.737 12.44 12.231 1799 3 131.32 14.032 14.041 103.204 12.129 11.953 1800 5 79.169 9.401 8.584 102.34 11.803 11.652 1801 5 124.382 13.898 12.188 101.282 11.494 11.366 1802 5 84.607 9.456 10.389 100.098 11.225 11.119 1803 5 101.49 9.344 9.978 98.947 11.027 10.932 1804 5 91.953 10.101 9.996 97.924 10.923 10.824 1805 5 88.979 9.254 8.541 97.111 10.917 10.804 1806 5 89.619 8.949 8.76 96.538 11.006 10.869 1807 5 127.488 13.997 14.631 96.163 11.169 10.999 1808 5 109.937 12.104 12.017 95.937 11.376 11.161 1809 5 27.469 11.644 12.28 96.025 11.61 11.344 1810 5 112.455 11.26 9.067 96.624 11.867 11.549 1811 5 60.949 9.23 8.667 97.532 12.14 11.783 1812 5 120.673 11.146 10.951 98.481 12.415 12.03 1813 5 130.227 13.946 13.687 99.026 12.657 12.251 1814 5 157.2 18.316 18.889 98.858 12.818 12.395 1815 5 13.156 16.58 14.394 98.001 12.867 12.43 1816 5 133.459 13.699 13.349 96.772 12.816 12.373 1817 5 91.485 9.819 10.364 95.089 12.712 12.264 1818 5 96.485 9.846 9.325 92.967 12.608 12.149 1819 5 100.825 9.766 9.906 90.46 12.537 12.06 1820 5 142.002 16.799 15.37 87.66 12.502 12.005 1821 5 106.77 11.876 12.97 84.816 12.494 11.977 1822 5 54.404 10.164 9.039 82.585 12.523 11.99 1823 5 17.672 13.116 13.305 81.808 12.601 12.064 1824 5 21.986 12.865 10.173 83.075 12.723 12.204 1825 5 33.584 12.385 10.175 86.415 12.884 12.417 1826 5 78.832 7.841 8.322 91.268 13.08 12.692 1827 5 125.458 11.985 11.502 96.614 13.295 12.994 1828 5 142.659 15.387 14.878 101.314 13.477 13.255 1829 5 150.962 16.922 18.752 104.46 13.56 13.392 1830 5 152.844 19.58 19.698 105.537 13.492 13.338 1831 5 146.788 16.679 17.924 104.476 13.258 13.074 1832 5 85.418 11.812 11.795 101.659 12.893 12.64 1833 5 88.495 9.439 8.693 97.793 12.462 12.117 1834 5 89.334 8.429 8.112 93.534 12.023 11.579 1835 5 41.302 11.05 9.218 89.442 11.607 11.075 1836 5 34.027 12.135 10.242 85.959 11.218 10.622 1837 5 131.256 14.242 12.983 83.124 10.849 10.216 1838 5 65.326 9.604 9.804 80.635 10.505 9.855 1839 5 67.716 8.04 6.995 78.396 10.213 9.553 1840 5 93.568 8.573 8.322 76.273 9.997 9.325 1841 5 97.437 9.274 9.175 74.064 9.86 9.166 1842 5 95.317 9.139 9.375 71.701 9.796 9.062 1843 5 85.618 9.136 8.779 69.334 9.788 8.997 1844 5 31.264 10.988 10.814 67.331 9.813 8.956 1845 5 19.023 12.896 10.521 66.145 9.848 8.929 1846 5 103.927 10.293 8.527 65.945 9.877 8.917 1847 5 60.871 9.383 8.714 66.596 9.91 8.935 1848 5 51.784 9.202 7.893 68.127 9.961 8.998 1849 5 76.548 8.712 7.304 70.561 10.042 9.117 1850 5 26.211 12.082 11.488 73.819 10.156 9.292 1851 5 104.148 9.564 8.029 77.753 10.3 9.515 1852 5 82.761 8.585 9.264 81.963 10.48 9.783 1853 5 91.067 9.188 8.832 86.14 10.696 10.09 1854 5 58.236 9.139 8.208 90.034 10.935 10.42 1855 5 124.996 12.409 10.826 93.376 11.164 10.746 1856 5 138.361 16.049 14.778 95.749 11.342 11.022 1857 5 119.186 12.72 15.142 96.96 11.438 11.207 1858 5 48.396 11.748 10.437 97.18 11.457 11.292 1859 5 115.628 10.88 10.257 96.712 11.42 11.296 1860 5 120.592 11.926 13.034 95.613 11.352 11.238 1861 5 96.252 9.786 10.931 94.021 11.275 11.132 1862 5 101.232 9.94 10.165 92.273 11.211 11.001 1863 5 38.569 11.389 10.281 90.772 11.172 10.87 1864 5 110.398 10.382 10.467 89.902 11.159 10.755 1865 5 82.186 9.101 8.487 89.753 11.173 10.667 1866 5 17.832 13.16 12.39 90.453 11.204 10.612 1867 5 122.696 13.175 9.883 91.996 11.232 10.583 1868 5 94.682 9.889 9.737 93.939 11.25 10.58 1869 5 93.509 9.476 8.511 95.927 11.264 10.599 1870 5 99.993 9.955 9.414 97.651 11.272 10.629 1871 5 148.113 16.11 14.915 98.793 11.254 10.64 1872 5 98.655 11.485 12.232 99.127 11.189 10.597 1873 5 130.534 13.013 14.066 98.75 11.085 10.494 1874 5 74.456 10.903 9.802 97.887 10.962 10.35 1875 5 95.317 9.177 8.323 96.931 10.853 10.207 1876 5 63.926 9.051 8.242 96.172 10.794 10.106 1877 5 88.892 8.192 7.501 95.798 10.802 10.074 1878 5 106.252 9.811 9.674 95.776 10.881 10.117 1879 5 70.467 9.618 8.54 95.99 11.01 10.221 1880 5 68.53 8.628 7.012 96.343 11.155 10.361 1881 5 174.907 21.156 16.704 96.54 11.269 10.497 1882 5 116.327 13.259 16.088 96.194 11.301 10.574 1883 5 72.495 9.448 9.245 95.413 11.262 10.58 1884 5 59.768 8.969 7.712 94.528 11.191 10.547 1885 5 130.068 13.527 11.862 93.693 11.115 10.503 1886 5 108.053 10.834 12.666 92.864 11.045 10.457 1887 5 78.03 9.431 8.484 92.196 11.006 10.427 1888 5 69.766 8.848 7.439 91.982 11.022 10.444 1889 5 38.436 10.123 9.837 92.411 11.103 10.524 1890 5 93.04 8.508 7.57 93.415 11.242 10.66 1891 5 153.831 16.64 15.386 94.543 11.415 10.831 1892 5 73.284 10.76 11.116 95.346 11.59 11.001 1893 5 68.521 9.145 7.733 95.727 11.761 11.161 1894 5 116.188 10.529 10.249 95.494 11.922 11.302 1895 5 134.038 14.628 14.265 94.28 12.046 11.394 1896 5 126.05 13.455 14.319 91.87 12.098 11.395 1897 5 144.741 16.14 15.347 88.397 12.057 11.29 1898 5 16.497 15.318 13.516 84.374 11.924 11.09 1899 5 78.01 7.852 7.335 80.622 11.734 10.843 1900 5 73.706 7.986 7.34 77.611 11.544 10.614 1901 5 22.404 11.749 10.809 75.675 11.385 10.441 1902 5 121.656 12.516 9.534 75.034 11.26 10.34 1903 5 61.389 9.748 8.986 75.632 11.17 10.319 1904 5 33.08 11.944 10.735 77.602 11.122 10.381 1905 5 36.113 10.214 9.035 80.994 11.12 10.52 1906 5 83.484 7.889 7.3 85.468 11.165 10.726 1907 5 107.242 9.79 9.633 90.318 11.252 10.976 1908 5 141.549 14.35 14.536 94.783 11.349 11.22 1909 5 107.69 11.238 13.666 98.279 11.414 11.397 1910 5 92.466 9.978 10.121 100.574 11.424 11.472 1911 5 145.772 16.961 15.609 101.557 11.354 11.426 1912 5 130.974 13.974 15.509 101.151 11.181 11.243 1913 5 85.537 10.59 11.503 99.602 10.919 10.938 1914 5 61.943 9.242 7.967 97.4 10.611 10.561 1915 5 94.513 8.201 7.991 94.933 10.297 10.169 1916 5 77.545 8.951 7.399 92.335 10.006 9.8 1917 5 120.194 11.112 11.499 89.656 9.75 9.469 1918 5 88.611 9.611 10.005 86.9 9.533 9.176 1919 5 65.034 9.046 8.05 84.247 9.363 8.93 1920 5 95.645 8.32 8.123 81.906 9.255 8.75 1921 5 77.815 8.829 8.004 79.988 9.217 8.646 1922 5 48.859 9.009 9.108 78.656 9.251 8.625 1923 5 62.713 8.732 6.739 78.036 9.355 8.687 1924 5 88.892 8.531 7.897 78.03 9.524 8.833 1925 5 94.212 8.654 8.463 78.41 9.745 9.048 1926 5 73.335 8.808 8.006 79.019 9.998 9.309 1927 5 144.579 15.409 14.378 79.812 10.251 9.586 1928 5 66.391 10.722 10.116 80.837 10.471 9.844 1929 5 11.912 12.641 13.269 82.531 10.659 10.082 1930 5 88.655 8.573 7.495 85.227 10.826 10.311 1931 5 51.008 9.608 7.733 88.78 10.994 10.558 1932 5 112.903 10.687 9.858 92.895 11.173 10.833 1933 5 130.602 13.313 13.459 97.066 11.356 11.124 1934 5 119.872 11.551 13.391 100.912 11.538 11.407 1935 5 81.978 9.915 9.658 104.333 11.722 11.68 1936 5 74.019 8.478 8.169 107.37 11.914 11.95 1937 5 120.253 11.856 10.472 109.896 12.102 12.21 1938 5 147.173 16.453 15.444 111.546 12.248 12.424 1939 5 106.505 11.8 13.382 112.027 12.313 12.539 1940 5 124.906 12.679 13.21 111.287 12.285 12.525 1941 5 145.674 15.243 17.749 109.317 12.157 12.361 1942 5 126.82 13.203 15.104 106.244 11.927 12.039 1943 5 107.454 12.297 12.316 102.49 11.617 11.596 1944 5 41.308 11.431 10.719 98.677 11.263 11.096 1945 5 76.159 8.883 6.58 95.397 10.907 10.613 1946 5 71.553 8.762 6.897 92.851 10.59 10.213 1947 5 88.486 9.208 7.611 90.982 10.34 9.929 1948 5 106.164 9.379 9.979 89.563 10.163 9.764 1949 5 97.272 10.097 9.542 88.342 10.058 9.699 1950 5 91.977 9.385 8.865 87.186 10.015 9.714 1951 5 94.425 9.05 9.167 86.054 10.022 9.786 1952 5 118.25 11.39 11.927 84.963 10.061 9.885 1953 5 106.674 10.901 11.146 84.049 10.111 9.98 1954 5 2.839 14.416 16.156 83.712 10.156 10.053 1955 5 98.636 9.309 8.958 84.423 10.197 10.107 1956 5 67.849 9.167 7.83 86.188 10.262 10.186 1957 5 65.756 8.568 7.227 88.942 10.376 10.331 1958 5 87.441 8.464 8.021 92.489 10.556 10.561 1959 5 112.293 9.953 11.31 96.443 10.8 10.867 86.6 103.287 1960 5 100.228 10.941 10.34 100.374 11.089 11.221 127.12 104.707 1961 5 90.543 9.517 9.355 103.945 11.393 11.589 85.56 106.001 1962 5 151.359 16.013 15.253 106.824 11.68 11.931 102.24 107.155 1963 5 126.084 13.382 15.226 108.664 11.908 12.195 101.5 108.05 1964 5 122.24 12.409 14.1 109.411 12.068 12.353 153.4 108.494 1965 5 71.209 10.251 10.011 109.22 12.164 12.404 64.92 108.314 1966 5 131.511 12.818 13.137 108.295 12.202 12.361 153.36 107.55 1967 5 131.739 14.54 14.992 106.653 12.179 12.222 90.38 106.106 1968 5 121.34 12.097 13.96 104.437 12.095 11.995 116.8 104.088 1969 5 32.883 12.869 11.071 102.022 11.968 11.708 95.74 101.595 1970 5 100.853 9.49 7.883 99.82 11.819 11.405 94.78 98.774 1971 5 115.101 11.031 11.565 97.823 11.673 11.123 128.32 95.747 1972 5 52.218 11.353 8.597 95.944 11.54 10.879 40.26 92.654 1973 5 117.91 11.099 10.069 94.142 11.421 10.68 98.402 89.755 1974 5 97.583 9.965 9.272 92.156 11.315 10.52 74.7 87.037 1975 5 124.421 12.784 11.934 89.818 11.216 10.381 118.3 84.438 1976 5 138.536 15.255 15.08 87.091 11.11 10.24 159.2 81.884 1977 5 84.31 10.927 10.755 84.254 11.001 10.091 57.88 79.627 1978 5 28.454 10.966 10.432 81.977 10.92 9.961 21.48 78.442 1979 5 60.837 8.474 6.922 80.925 10.903 9.891 53.08 78.993 1980 5 38.739 9.779 8.691 81.386 10.986 9.92 46 81.499 1981 5 64.938 8.256 6.919 83.359 11.184 10.069 47.62 85.859 1982 5 73.152 7.981 7.127 86.505 11.497 10.339 91.16 91.64 1983 5 118.534 11.304 10.618 90.274 11.898 10.703 101.5 98.1 1984 5 76.437 9.453 8.425 94.045 12.332 11.11 112.14 104.437 1985 5 158.895 17.488 15.109 97.33 12.729 11.498 198.2 109.885 1986 5 157.526 18.688 18.307 99.673 13.008 11.791 143 113.874 1987 5 29.856 15.747 13.337 101.084 13.121 11.947 63.36 116.47 1988 5 147.011 15.705 13.647 101.93 13.072 11.97 154.8 117.984 1989 5 46.971 11.588 10.281 102.287 12.894 11.89 58.14 118.489 1990 5 105.121 9.371 9.136 102.314 12.639 11.745 122.96 118.113 1991 5 119.915 11.707 11.048 101.891 12.351 11.563 163.04 116.661 1992 5 90.093 9.797 9.778 100.855 12.047 11.349 81.84 113.945 1993 5 124.945 12.373 12.347 99.148 11.734 11.101 160.2 110.035 1994 5 96.417 10.293 10.145 96.712 11.401 10.806 95.1 104.948 1995 5 133.596 13.733 13.759 93.638 11.039 10.455 138.66 98.961 1996 5 40.102 12.826 11.425 90.125 10.635 10.044 63.2 92.431 1997 5 86.713 8.243 6.816 86.546 10.197 9.591 75.7 85.909 1998 5 89.992 8.865 8.15 83.017 9.745 9.122 72.8 79.806 1999 5 80.036 8.71 9.365 79.583 9.293 8.648 71.86 74.406 2000 5 82.338 9.477 7.809 76.338 8.842 8.17 55.2 69.929 2001 5 73.617 8.186 7.57 73.397 8.391 7.689 53.58 66.54 2002 47.66 70.918 47.66 64.286 2003 75.28 69.031 75.28 63.078 2004 55.6 67.723 55.6 62.717 2005 66.48 66.97 66.48 63.045 2006 76.04 66.672 76.04 63.885 2007 52.28 66.727 52.28 65.089 2008 70.38 67.066 70.38 66.571 2009 81.68 67.548 81.68 68.191