# Southern British Columbia 400 Year Summer Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19767 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/northamerica/canada/bc2014temp.txt # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Parameter_Keywords: air temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-02-05 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Southern British Columbia 400 Year Summer Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Wilson, R.; Rao, R.; Rydval, M.; Wood, C.; Larsson, L.-A.; Luckman, B.H. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Summer (May-June-July-August) temperature reconstructions for southern British Columbia, # based on tree-ring width (RW), maximum density (MXD), and Blue Intensity (BI) measurements from 7 sites. # Included are data from Figures 6 and 7. Figure 6 includes 4 variant RW and MXD or BI reconstructions, # plus Wilson and Luckman (2003) IBC reconstruction and Luckman and Wilson (2005) Icefields reconstruction. # Figure 7 data are the weighted combination reconstruction using the reconstruction versions from Figure 6, # excluding the Icefields reconstruction. See Wilson et al. 2014 for details. # Raw data for the 3 tree-ring parameters are archived separately in the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB), # ITRDB Site Codes CANA225, CANA226, CANA230, CANA231, CANA234, CANA237, and CANA238. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Rob Wilson, Rohit Rao, Miloš Rydval, Cheryl Wood, Lars-Åke Larsson, and Brian H. Luckman # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-11-01 # Published_Title: Blue Intensity for dendroclimatology: The BC blues: A case study from British Columbia, Canada # Journal_Name: The Holocene # Volume: 24 # Edition: # Issue: 11 # Pages: 1428-1438 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1177/0959683614544051 # Online_Resource: http://hol.sagepub.com/content/24/11/1428.abstract # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Maximum latewood density (MXD) is a strong proxy of summer temperatures. Despite this, there is a paucity of long MXD chronologies in the Northern Hemisphere, which limits large-scale tree-ring-based reconstructions of past temperature which are dominated by ring-width (RW) data - a weaker temperature proxy at inter-annual time-scales. This paucity likely results from the relative expense of measuring MXD and the lack of laboratories with the facilities to measure it. Herein, we test the ability of a relatively new, less expensive, tree-ring parameter, Blue Intensity (BI), to act as a surrogate parameter for MXD. BI was measured on Engelmann spruce samples from British Columbia where MXD had previously been measured to allow direct comparison between the two parameters. Signal strength analyses indicate that 8 MXD series were needed to acquire a robust mean chronology while BI needed 14. Utilising different detrending methods and parameter choices (RW + MXD vs RW + BI), a suite of reconstruction variants was developed. The explained variance from the regression modelling (1901-1995) of May-August maximum temperatures ranged from 52% to 55%. Validation tests over the earlier 1870-1900 period could not statistically distinguish between the different variants, although spectral analysis identified more lower frequency information extant in the MXD-based reconstructions - although this result was sensitive to the detrending method used. Ultimately, despite the MXD-based reconstruction explaining slightly more of the climatic variance, statistically robust reconstructions of past summer temperatures were also derived using BI. These results suggest that there is great potential in utilising BI for dendroclimatology in place of MXD data. However, more experimentation is needed to understand (1) how well BI can capture centennial and lower frequency information and (2) what biases may result from wood discolouration, either from species showing a distinct heartwood/sapwood boundary or from partly decayed sub-fossil samples. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Leverhulme Trust # Grant: F/00 268/BG #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) # Grant: NE/K003097/1 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Southern British Columbia # Location: North America>Canada>British Columbia # Country: Canada # Northernmost_Latitude: 51.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 49.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: -117.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: -122.0 # Elevation: m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: BC2014temp # Earliest_Year: 1600 # Most_Recent_Year: 1995 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. # Common_Name: Engelmann Spruce # Tree_Species_Code: PCEN #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_AD age, , , AD, , , , ,N ## tempanom-MJJA surface temperature anomaly, , , degrees C, May-June-July-August, climate reconstructions, BC COMBO, weighted mean of five BC MJJA Tmax reconstructions,N ## tempanom-MJJA95- surface temperature anomaly lower 95% confidence limit, , , degrees C, May-June-July-August, climate reconstructions, BC COMBO, weighted mean of five BC MJJA Tmax reconstructions,N ## tempanom-MJJA95+ surface temperature anomaly upper 95% confidence limit, , , degrees C, May-June-July-August, climate reconstructions, BC COMBO, weighted mean of five BC MJJA Tmax reconstructions,N ## tempanom-MJJAspl20 surface temperature anomaly smoothed 20 year spline, , , degrees C, May-June-July-August, climate reconstructions, BC COMBO, weighted mean of five BC MJJA Tmax reconstructions,N ## tempanom-MJJAspl95- surface temperature anomaly smoothed 20 year spline lower 95% confidence limit, , , degrees C, May-June-July-August, climate reconstructions, BC COMBO, weighted mean of five BC MJJA Tmax reconstructions,N ## tempanom-MJJAspl95+ surface temperature anomaly smoothed 20 year spline upper 95% confidence limit, , , degrees C, May-June-July-August, climate reconstructions, BC COMBO, weighted mean of five BC MJJA Tmax reconstructions,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # Figure 7 BC COMBO # age_AD tempanom-MJJA tempanom-MJJA95- tempanom-MJJA95+ tempanom-MJJAspl20 tempanom-MJJAspl95- tempanom-MJJAspl95+ 1600 0.3228 -1.8226 2.4550 1601 -1.8885 -5.2216 1.6106 1602 -0.2221 -2.2947 1.7364 1603 0.2740 -1.7957 1.8354 1604 0.4516 -1.4644 2.1971 1605 0.4331 -1.5571 2.1882 -0.1342 -1.1530 0.5381 1606 -0.1788 -2.4061 1.4904 -0.1462 -1.1349 0.4691 1607 -0.2578 -2.6278 1.6931 -0.1729 -1.1365 0.4000 1608 -0.5223 -2.7630 1.1561 -0.2091 -1.1507 0.3330 1609 0.6111 -1.2223 2.4698 -0.2509 -1.1732 0.2703 1610 -0.7475 -2.7964 0.8899 -0.2951 -1.2015 0.2134 1611 -0.1872 -2.2305 1.4380 -0.3342 -1.2270 0.1673 1612 -1.1620 -3.3997 0.8681 -0.3620 -1.2417 0.1425 1613 -1.0158 -3.1507 0.6935 -0.3733 -1.2392 0.1469 1614 0.1383 -1.9109 1.9461 -0.3689 -1.2200 0.1668 1615 -1.2610 -3.3478 0.5923 -0.3543 -1.1905 0.1960 1616 -0.1651 -2.1014 1.5479 -0.3343 -1.1567 0.2292 1617 0.1682 -1.7334 1.8284 -0.3184 -1.1300 0.2559 1618 0.0430 -1.9411 1.7836 -0.3156 -1.1208 0.2657 1619 0.1862 -1.6109 2.2927 -0.3310 -1.1351 0.2516 1620 -0.6756 -2.5386 1.3115 -0.3658 -1.1744 0.2110 1621 0.1521 -1.8053 2.0467 -0.4175 -1.2356 0.1472 1622 -0.2980 -2.2873 1.6164 -0.4842 -1.3146 0.0869 1623 -0.3492 -2.4619 1.5164 -0.5602 -1.4034 0.0329 1624 -0.9486 -3.1620 0.9925 -0.6375 -1.4909 -0.0287 1625 -0.6196 -2.8759 1.2906 -0.7069 -1.5656 -0.0897 1626 -1.8783 -4.0967 0.2605 -0.7607 -1.6195 -0.1423 1627 -0.4404 -2.1880 1.5084 -0.7929 -1.6483 -0.1785 1628 -0.8960 -2.8974 0.8382 -0.8042 -1.6554 -0.1949 1629 -1.4377 -3.4947 0.2478 -0.7949 -1.6423 -0.1893 1630 -1.1058 -3.0838 0.7527 -0.7663 -1.6112 -0.1613 1631 -0.9393 -2.9995 0.7745 -0.7246 -1.5691 -0.1168 1632 -0.6809 -2.6336 1.1208 -0.6796 -1.5268 -0.0652 1633 0.0940 -1.8281 1.7230 -0.6432 -1.4969 -0.0186 1634 0.0717 -1.9868 1.9974 -0.6262 -1.4908 0.0117 1635 -0.3971 -2.3739 1.3269 -0.6337 -1.5132 0.0191 1636 0.1846 -1.6862 1.9677 -0.6645 -1.5626 0.0040 1637 -1.2859 -3.5394 0.7252 -0.7136 -1.6327 -0.0302 1638 -0.2776 -2.2863 1.5015 -0.7708 -1.7111 -0.0752 1639 -0.8394 -3.0140 1.0854 -0.8275 -1.7875 -0.1234 1640 -0.8420 -2.9149 0.9578 -0.8729 -1.8489 -0.1652 1641 -3.3266 -6.0515 -0.8127 -0.8954 -1.8817 -0.1902 1642 -0.3481 -2.2502 1.4148 -0.8871 -1.8766 -0.1911 1643 -0.9926 -3.2706 0.8589 -0.8550 -1.8422 -0.1720 1644 -0.4618 -2.6728 1.4241 -0.8070 -1.7872 -0.1388 1645 -0.7951 -2.8416 0.8773 -0.7499 -1.7204 -0.0970 1646 -0.3899 -2.4061 1.4333 -0.6892 -1.6490 -0.0504 1647 -1.2072 -3.3512 0.6527 -0.6293 -1.5787 -0.0031 1648 -0.2785 -2.4069 1.4690 -0.5736 -1.5133 0.0417 1649 0.2734 -1.6219 1.8864 -0.5284 -1.4598 0.0783 1650 -0.4473 -2.7163 1.5036 -0.4979 -1.4223 0.1028 1651 -0.5203 -2.6305 1.1964 -0.4802 -1.3983 0.1163 1652 -0.0321 -2.0439 1.7632 -0.4721 -1.3847 0.1219 1653 -0.8378 -2.7041 0.9147 -0.4696 -1.3779 0.1234 1654 -0.9705 -3.2234 0.8312 -0.4668 -1.3716 0.1268 1655 -1.0223 -3.1769 0.8076 -0.4602 -1.3605 0.1347 1656 0.4808 -1.4504 2.1298 -0.4508 -1.3454 0.1450 1657 -1.0873 -3.2419 0.7587 -0.4431 -1.3303 0.1532 1658 -0.6499 -2.7988 1.1245 -0.4369 -1.3148 0.1580 1659 -0.4303 -2.6511 1.6323 -0.4355 -1.3020 0.1558 1660 -0.5812 -2.6105 1.1581 -0.4444 -1.2984 0.1409 1661 -0.1579 -2.0954 1.6152 -0.4697 -1.3127 0.1094 1662 0.3189 -1.4737 1.9748 -0.5178 -1.3540 0.0570 1663 -0.0085 -1.9728 1.6620 -0.5920 -1.4274 -0.0172 1664 -0.6813 -2.6512 1.0714 -0.6887 -1.5295 -0.1090 1665 -0.6976 -2.6278 1.1923 -0.7990 -1.6512 -0.2107 1666 -0.3164 -2.2963 1.4062 -0.9132 -1.7817 -0.3136 1667 -0.7407 -2.6893 0.9141 -1.0197 -1.9077 -0.4064 1668 -2.8428 -5.2252 -0.7752 -1.1023 -2.0109 -0.4741 1669 -1.8054 -3.9047 -0.0031 -1.1451 -2.0725 -0.5027 1670 -1.9838 -4.2901 0.1685 -1.1440 -2.0875 -0.4892 1671 -0.8792 -2.8558 0.8775 -1.1033 -2.0603 -0.4379 1672 -0.7060 -2.7689 1.0565 -1.0337 -2.0024 -0.3577 1673 -0.4452 -2.4888 1.2273 -0.9450 -1.9238 -0.2584 1674 -1.7611 -4.2291 0.3979 -0.8439 -1.8305 -0.1480 1675 0.0760 -1.9262 1.9093 -0.7347 -1.7257 -0.0327 1676 -1.6408 -3.7787 0.2648 -0.6255 -1.6181 0.0786 1677 0.3974 -1.7684 2.3233 -0.5224 -1.5137 0.1797 1678 -0.9859 -3.4454 1.2070 -0.4353 -1.4219 0.2607 1679 0.8495 -1.0525 2.3906 -0.3704 -1.3492 0.3161 1680 0.2614 -1.7870 1.9258 -0.3344 -1.3035 0.3420 1681 -0.8372 -3.1797 1.1828 -0.3256 -1.2839 0.3408 1682 -0.1944 -2.2541 1.5814 -0.3376 -1.2834 0.3182 1683 -0.0766 -2.1917 1.7819 -0.3660 -1.2985 0.2789 1684 0.2715 -1.6093 1.8771 -0.4057 -1.3251 0.2280 1685 -1.8568 -4.1822 0.4080 -0.4487 -1.3555 0.1739 1686 -1.2662 -3.2495 0.3629 -0.4841 -1.3786 0.1271 1687 0.0850 -1.7915 1.7121 -0.5105 -1.3937 0.0910 1688 -1.3613 -3.6039 0.6029 -0.5328 -1.4059 0.0620 1689 0.5089 -1.3816 2.1139 -0.5547 -1.4184 0.0360 1690 -1.0137 -3.1658 0.8420 -0.5827 -1.4376 0.0065 1691 -0.1043 -2.0814 1.6282 -0.6182 -1.4649 -0.0286 1692 -0.2638 -2.3002 1.3821 -0.6630 -1.5022 -0.0712 1693 -0.6298 -2.6635 1.2618 -0.7155 -1.5483 -0.1204 1694 -0.9804 -2.9202 0.7230 -0.7707 -1.5984 -0.1719 1695 -0.6401 -2.5945 1.0848 -0.8227 -1.6472 -0.2205 1696 -1.2147 -3.0522 0.6195 -0.8663 -1.6899 -0.2628 1697 -1.2283 -3.2448 0.7254 -0.8963 -1.7207 -0.2957 1698 -0.1735 -2.2070 1.5807 -0.9098 -1.7353 -0.3179 1699 -1.9011 -4.0348 0.0206 -0.9057 -1.7308 -0.3285 1700 -1.2136 -3.2374 0.6367 -0.8799 -1.7024 -0.3235 1701 -1.0264 -3.0453 0.6513 -0.8344 -1.6520 -0.3032 1702 -0.6645 -2.6726 0.9954 -0.7752 -1.5860 -0.2635 1703 -0.7175 -2.7224 0.9643 -0.7099 -1.5128 -0.1989 1704 -0.5793 -2.4998 1.0773 -0.6457 -1.4406 -0.1357 1705 0.4051 -1.5065 2.1865 -0.5896 -1.3776 -0.0814 1706 -0.1498 -2.2168 1.5453 -0.5465 -1.3297 -0.0413 1707 -0.8306 -2.5946 0.9671 -0.5142 -1.2954 -0.0139 1708 -0.2451 -2.2055 1.4349 -0.4866 -1.2697 0.0061 1709 -1.3468 -3.1814 0.4280 -0.4589 -1.2478 0.0237 1710 -0.8444 -2.9039 0.8995 -0.4266 -1.2247 0.0441 1711 -0.3100 -2.3081 1.4609 -0.3910 -1.2010 0.0671 1712 0.0839 -1.8219 1.8552 -0.3579 -1.1814 0.0876 1713 0.2636 -1.6396 1.9789 -0.3320 -1.1705 0.1237 1714 0.1545 -1.9087 1.9397 -0.3145 -1.1681 0.1580 1715 -1.5050 -3.6359 0.4395 -0.3010 -1.1677 0.1848 1716 -0.2899 -2.4253 1.4355 -0.2850 -1.1613 0.2077 1717 -0.4895 -2.7347 1.4253 -0.2673 -1.1486 0.2255 1718 0.1786 -1.8096 1.8798 -0.2508 -1.1327 0.2357 1719 -0.4683 -2.6562 1.4427 -0.2393 -1.1189 0.2369 1720 -0.2020 -2.1314 1.5522 -0.2346 -1.1102 0.2297 1721 -0.4281 -2.5013 1.6159 -0.2390 -1.1115 0.2151 1722 0.5646 -1.2953 2.2923 -0.2555 -1.1271 0.2012 1723 -0.0286 -1.9254 1.6495 -0.2868 -1.1613 0.1811 1724 -0.1160 -2.0770 1.5185 -0.3302 -1.2114 0.1458 1725 -0.5712 -2.6399 1.1112 -0.3797 -1.2699 0.1012 1726 -1.0164 -3.2155 0.7300 -0.4278 -1.3271 0.0541 1727 -0.4782 -2.5310 1.1562 -0.4688 -1.3752 0.0105 1728 -0.3625 -2.4889 1.6339 -0.5011 -1.4114 -0.0125 1729 -0.4356 -2.6829 1.3613 -0.5240 -1.4339 -0.0275 1730 -0.2197 -2.3312 1.5058 -0.5358 -1.4402 -0.0345 1731 -2.1411 -4.3520 -0.2434 -0.5332 -1.4279 -0.0313 1732 -0.8789 -2.9601 0.9810 -0.5137 -1.3957 -0.0152 1733 0.1216 -1.6931 1.8327 -0.4851 -1.3538 0.0078 1734 0.2569 -1.7669 2.0037 -0.4593 -1.3165 0.0288 1735 -0.2722 -2.2849 1.4673 -0.4435 -1.2923 0.0417 1736 0.0613 -1.9106 1.6956 -0.4392 -1.2832 0.0454 1737 -0.1824 -2.1128 1.4118 -0.4447 -1.2882 0.0421 1738 -2.0146 -4.0147 -0.3003 -0.4545 -1.3018 0.0376 1739 -0.0411 -2.0923 1.6004 -0.4628 -1.3177 0.0376 1740 -0.2832 -2.2653 1.4410 -0.4732 -1.3389 0.0386 1741 0.1923 -1.8349 1.9418 -0.4885 -1.3674 0.0375 1742 -0.7238 -2.8536 1.0389 -0.5086 -1.4023 0.0335 1743 0.1968 -1.8352 1.8715 -0.5290 -1.4378 0.0301 1744 -1.9742 -4.0827 -0.1599 -0.5443 -1.4678 0.0321 1745 -0.5412 -2.7258 1.4080 -0.5471 -1.4839 0.0457 1746 -1.1420 -3.1955 0.5312 -0.5381 -1.4859 0.0692 1747 0.1223 -2.0757 1.8958 -0.5211 -1.4774 0.0991 1748 0.5845 -1.5631 2.3534 -0.5029 -1.4646 0.1286 1749 -1.8530 -4.0605 0.0016 -0.4855 -1.4491 0.1554 1750 0.2847 -1.7941 1.9847 -0.4647 -1.4270 0.1830 1751 -0.2227 -2.3700 1.6964 -0.4425 -1.4008 0.2090 1752 -1.5707 -3.6933 0.3492 -0.4175 -1.3697 0.2336 1753 0.0810 -2.0057 1.8206 -0.3880 -1.3320 0.2581 1754 -0.5631 -2.7175 1.4721 -0.3583 -1.2928 0.2784 1755 -0.8265 -2.8983 0.9796 -0.3320 -1.2558 0.2911 1756 -0.1764 -2.3517 1.6055 -0.3142 -1.2266 0.2928 1757 0.5940 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-0.5218 0.1569 1893 -0.8342 -2.3928 0.6784 -0.2098 -0.5787 0.0928 1894 0.4069 -1.0789 1.9626 -0.2717 -0.6395 0.0241 1895 -1.2449 -2.8403 0.3913 -0.3339 -0.7023 -0.0474 1896 0.5050 -1.0232 1.9869 -0.3924 -0.7631 -0.1176 1897 -0.5145 -2.0613 1.1121 -0.4465 -0.8215 -0.1863 1898 0.8889 -0.6455 2.3836 -0.4914 -0.8725 -0.2297 1899 -3.2096 -4.6204 -1.6332 -0.5189 -0.9076 -0.2494 1900 -1.0796 -2.7971 0.5002 -0.5164 -0.9130 -0.2404 1901 0.3392 -1.3069 1.8821 -0.4874 -0.8905 -0.2027 1902 -0.9723 -2.5129 0.6284 -0.4421 -0.8494 -0.1469 1903 -0.9103 -2.5460 0.6131 -0.3871 -0.7960 -0.0802 1904 1.2091 -0.3015 2.6142 -0.3321 -0.7396 -0.0141 1905 -0.0236 -1.6667 1.5178 -0.2882 -0.6912 0.0377 1906 0.6025 -0.9932 2.2644 -0.2573 -0.6523 0.0708 1907 -2.0530 -3.5786 -0.3918 -0.2355 -0.6189 0.0866 1908 0.4881 -1.1361 2.2069 -0.2158 -0.5845 0.0913 1909 0.0109 -1.5131 1.5439 -0.2005 -0.5515 0.0833 1910 -0.2225 -1.7060 1.2460 -0.1900 -0.5213 0.0652 1911 -0.4056 -1.9212 1.0503 -0.1821 -0.4925 0.0432 1912 -0.0120 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-0.2503 -1.7016 1.1874 0.0770 -0.2443 0.3732 1933 -0.2546 -1.7024 1.2015 0.1105 -0.2068 0.3887 1934 -0.0406 -1.7268 1.4567 0.1521 -0.1563 0.4126 1935 -0.4600 -1.9571 0.9747 0.1987 -0.0954 0.4430 1936 1.5003 0.0108 2.8842 0.2443 -0.0310 0.4749 1937 -0.5333 -1.9464 0.8662 0.2805 0.0271 0.5004 1938 1.1973 -0.3225 2.6072 0.3046 0.0745 0.5161 1939 0.1715 -1.1731 1.5055 0.3120 0.1062 0.5167 1940 0.9791 -0.4950 2.4362 0.3025 0.0999 0.5058 1941 0.3886 -1.0984 1.8843 0.2776 0.0636 0.4846 1942 -0.0199 -1.4030 1.3710 0.2428 0.0193 0.4523 1943 -0.8438 -2.2664 0.6045 0.2054 -0.0259 0.4161 1944 0.2355 -1.2338 1.8776 0.1691 -0.0680 0.3816 1945 1.3986 0.0066 2.7593 0.1309 -0.1103 0.3617 1946 0.0219 -1.4213 1.4666 0.0881 -0.1557 0.3374 1947 -0.4655 -1.8638 0.9385 0.0466 -0.1987 0.3156 1948 -0.9107 -2.2967 0.5381 0.0130 -0.2332 0.3029 1949 -0.1745 -1.6259 1.3746 -0.0111 -0.2579 0.2998 1950 1.0415 -0.4455 2.6873 -0.0312 -0.2782 0.2988 1951 -0.0978 -1.5414 1.4931 -0.0535 -0.3006 0.2916 1952 0.3905 -1.0578 2.0105 -0.0777 -0.3252 0.2780 1953 -0.1664 -1.5702 1.2266 -0.1013 -0.3496 0.2607 1954 -2.1019 -3.6371 -0.3951 -0.1187 -0.3680 0.2458 1955 0.8654 -0.5646 2.3019 -0.1275 -0.3775 0.2361 1956 0.5178 -0.9359 2.0540 -0.1364 -0.3868 0.2237 1957 -0.6620 -2.1250 0.9863 -0.1501 -0.4006 0.2047 1958 1.8023 0.3789 3.1752 -0.1680 -0.4191 0.1803 1959 -2.2978 -3.6914 -0.8557 -0.1886 -0.4414 0.1530 1960 -0.0369 -1.5568 1.6081 -0.2021 -0.4576 0.1322 1961 1.0891 -0.3804 2.6041 -0.2087 -0.4670 0.1162 1962 -1.4200 -2.8656 0.0628 -0.2089 -0.4689 0.1041 1963 0.6346 -0.8008 2.1357 -0.1964 -0.4561 0.1020 1964 -2.9656 -4.4827 -1.4119 -0.1695 -0.4259 0.1112 1965 0.9224 -0.6331 2.7043 -0.1274 -0.3772 0.1304 1966 0.1292 -1.3967 1.9121 -0.0846 -0.3243 0.1494 1967 1.7070 0.3108 3.0776 -0.0528 -0.2801 0.1836 1968 -1.5747 -3.3360 -0.0830 -0.0378 -0.2522 0.2006 1969 0.0971 -1.3737 1.6899 -0.0362 -0.2389 0.2036 1970 0.8953 -0.9019 2.4201 -0.0515 -0.2443 0.1890 1971 0.6144 -1.2384 2.0868 -0.0871 -0.2919 0.1532 1972 -0.2141 -1.6743 1.4734 -0.1392 -0.3485 0.1007 1973 0.2142 -1.2491 1.6049 -0.1977 -0.4081 0.0425 1974 -0.5834 -2.0293 1.1163 -0.2515 -0.4616 -0.0096 1975 -1.0769 -2.7544 0.4703 -0.2873 -0.4974 -0.0427 1976 -2.2601 -3.7532 -0.6894 -0.2945 -0.5041 -0.0469 1977 0.6223 -0.8788 2.2611 -0.2716 -0.4809 -0.0217 1978 -0.6665 -2.2300 0.8287 -0.2295 -0.4400 0.0220 1979 1.2645 -0.2439 2.7475 -0.1772 -0.3898 0.0746 1980 -1.0635 -2.4857 0.4692 -0.1229 -0.3386 0.1278 1981 0.4700 -0.9077 1.8916 -0.0674 -0.2882 0.1810 1982 0.1961 -1.4178 1.6311 -0.0147 -0.2418 0.2307 1983 -0.1224 -1.5156 1.3087 0.0336 -0.1998 0.2755 1984 -0.2546 -1.8436 1.3605 0.0781 -0.1621 0.3163 1985 0.3748 -1.0339 1.7444 0.1179 -0.1305 0.3550 1986 0.1880 -1.2043 1.6303 0.1502 -0.1095 0.3996 1987 0.3074 -1.1735 1.6962 0.1734 -0.1019 0.4386 1988 0.4639 -0.9847 1.9013 0.1869 -0.1085 0.4716 1989 -0.3187 -1.8555 1.1145 0.1913 -0.1272 0.4993 1990 0.9972 -1.0307 2.5457 0.1884 -0.1537 0.5232 1991 -1.1293 -2.5783 0.3593 1992 1.3338 -0.5523 2.9354 1993 -0.9320 -2.5181 0.6367 1994 1.7335 -0.0214 3.3605 1995 -0.9414 -2.6872 0.8111